Self-Control in Cyberspace: Applying Dual Systems Theory to a Review of Digital Self-Control Tools

Many people struggle to control their use of digital devices. However, our understanding of the design mechanisms that support user self-control remains limited. In this paper, we make two contributions to HCI research in this space: first, we analyse 367 apps and browser extensions from the Google Play, Chrome Web, and Apple App stores to identify common core design features and intervention strategies afforded by current tools for digital self-control. Second, we adapt and apply an integrative dual systems model of self-regulation as a framework for organising and evaluating the design features found. Our analysis aims to help the design of better tools in two ways: (i) by identifying how, through a well-established model of self-regulation, current tools overlap and differ in how they support self-control; and (ii) by using the model to reveal underexplored cognitive mechanisms that could aid the design of new tools.Comment: 11.5 pages (excl. references), 6 figures, 1 tabl

諷刺と警告の書 : アーサー・ミラー『復活ブルース』

Resurrection Blues is Arthur Miller's penultimate play. It is an extreme satirical farce about modern politics, faith and contemporary media-obsessed society. The story is set in an unnamed Latin American country that is a so-called banana republic. A Christ-like man was arrested. He is said to be able to perform miracles and has achieved popularity among the impoverished citizens. The military dictator of the country, Felix, has sentenced him to be crucified and comes up with an idea of selling the rights to broadcast the crucifixion to an American television production team, which would offer big money to him and his country to help the national economy. There are many conflicts among people who urge the crucifixion or try to prevent it. At the end of the play, the Christ-like man disappears without giving any message. Critics have criticized this playas feeble, week. lumbering, rambling or unfinished. Certainly we needn't compare this play with Death of the Salesman or The Crucible. But is this "the great man's Swan song"? Even if it is, this swan is angry against the commercialism of opportunistic media, the venality of politicians, a media-obsessed society, blood-thirsty common people, obsessive religion, and art which takes people's eyes away from the actual reality. This is an imaginary story of an imaginary country, but by writing this play Miller is directing his attention to actual societies, especially the U.S.A. In fact, his characters say, for example, "after they kicked Nixon out of the White House he had one of the biggest funerals since Abraham Lincoln. … nobody clearly remembers anything" or "it's now a quite certain the attack [by a Vietnamese gunboat in the Gulf of Tonkin] never happened. This was a fiction, a poem," or "people are shot on television every ten minutes; bang-bang, and they go down like dolls, it's meaningless." Resurrection Blues makes us recognize our actual worlds - for example, the American media that accompanied by bids to carry the execution of the Oklahoma bomber, Timothy James McVeigh live on the internet, or countries rushing to war under false pretenses after 9/11, or common people concerned about money more than a life or moral. It seems obvious that Miller was conscious of The Crucible when writing Resurrection Blues. Both plays center on religious folks and crushing governors, an injudicious witch-hunt and the planned execution of a seemingly God-like prisoner, as one critic writes. Furthermore, Miller is writing Resurrection Blues in the context of his contemporary worlds, as he was writing The Crucible in the face of McCarthyism. This play gives us a question, "what would happen if Christ were to appear in the world today?" After the Christ-like man disappeared without showing himself and giving any message, a character, who has professed to be his disciple, says, "the actual improvements would just have to be up to us." This satirical farce is Miller's rebuke to the contemporary society and a serious warning to us all. He wants all of us bear responsibility for our future

バレーボールにおける攻撃の一考察(その2)

Ⅰ はじめに　Ⅱ これまでの攻撃について　Ⅲ これからの攻撃について　 1. バレーボールの攻撃の戦術体系の志向　Ⅳ まと

The Big Lottery Fund's Children's Play Programme: a missed opportunity to gather the evidence?

The Big Lottery Fund's Children's Play Programme provided an ideal opportunity to gather evidence of the benefits of funding children's play provision. This paper proposes that without a systematic evaluation of the programme at a national level, an opportunity to evaluate consistently, the impact of the funding on outcomes for children's play was missed

Trick film: Neil Brand’s radio dramas and the silent film experience

At first glance, silent film and audio drama may appear antithetical modes of expression. Nevertheless, an interesting tradition of silent film-to-radio adapta-tions has emerged on BBC Radio Drama. Beyond this link between silent film and radio drama, other radio dramas have highlighted that Neil Brand, a successful silent film accompanist, radio dramatist and composer, links the silent film expe-rience and audio drama in two of his plays, Joanna and Waves Breaking on a Shore. Using theories of sound and narrative in film and radio, as well as discuss-ing the way radio in particular can stimulate the generation of imagery, this arti-cle examines layered points of view/audition as ways of linking the silent film experience and the use of sound within radio drama

Cambios en las estructuras de los hogares Rurales. Formas de adaptación y resiliencia

This paper examines the capacity of household structures to respond to environmental conditions. First, it looks at the relationship between demographic sustainability and the resilience of rural households. Afterwards, it examines basic mechanisms of adaptation between household structures and the socioeconomic environment based on the theories of Chayanov and Le Play. The empirical research, carried out in rural Spain, found that household structures first underwent a process of modernization, followed more recently by certain diversification. Within this process, what stands out is the number of adult children that extend the period of cohabitation with their parents, constituting similar strategies to those traditionally employed by stem families. In the current context of rural areas, household structures have shown resilience in the face of socioeconomic changes.<br><br>Este artículo trata sobre la capacidad de las estructuras de hogar para responder a las condiciones ambientales. En primer lugar, se expone la relación entre sostenibilidad demográfica y resiliencia de los hogares en las áreas rurales. A continuación, se presentan los mecanismos básicos de la adaptación entre las estructuras de hogar y entorno socioeconómico a través de las teorías de Chayánov y Le Play. Se analiza empíricamente la España rural, donde se constata una etapa de modernización de las estructuras de hogar, seguida más recientemente de cierta diversificación. Dentro de este proceso, destaca el número de hijos que alargan el periodo de convivencia con sus padres, constituyendo estrategias similares a las tradicionalmente empleadas por las familias troncales. En el actual contexto de las áreas rurales, las estructuras de hogar muestran su condición resiliente ante los cambios socioeconómicos

Cross-national variations in reported discrimination among people treated for major depression worldwide : the ASPEN/INDIGO international study

No study has so far explored differences in discrimination reported by people with major depressive disorder (MDD) across countries and cultures. To (a) compare reported discrimination across different countries, and (b) explore the relative weight of individual and contextual factors in explaining levels of reported discrimination in people with MDD. Cross-sectional multisite international survey (34 countries worldwide) of 1082 people with MDD. Experienced and anticipated discrimination were assessed by the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC). Countries were classified according to their rating on the Human Development Index (HDI). Multilevel negative binomial and Poisson models were used. People living in ‘very high HDI’ countries reported higher discrimination than those in ‘medium/low HDI’ countries. Variation in reported discrimination across countries was only partially explained by individual-level variables. The contribution of country-level variables was significant for anticipated discrimination only. Contextual factors play an important role in anticipated discrimination. Country-specific interventions should be implemented to prevent discrimination towards people with MDD

Children’s use of public spaces and the role of the adult – a comparison of play ranging in the UK, and the leikkipuisto (Play Parks) in Finland

This paper compares the use of public space in the UK and Finland (Leikkipuisto). This is considered with regards to Playranging in the UK and the Ohjaaja in Finlan

Frottement et usure de paliers secs utilisés en mouvement alterné

Les matériaux utilisés en frottement donnent des résultats étroitement liés aux conditions d'utilisation. Ils ne possèdent donc pas de propriétés intrinsèques de frottement. Cette étude met en évidence l’existence de défauts d’alimentation avec les composites de frottement. Les conditions d’utilisation des paliers secs en mouvement alterné sont aussi définies