Successful removal of a telephone cable, a foreign body through the urethra into the bladder: a case report

The variety of foreign bodies inserted into or externally attached to the genitourinary tract defies imagination and includes all types of objects. The frequency of such cases renders these an important addition to the diseases of the genitourinary organs. The most common motive associated with the insertion of foreign bodies into the genitourinary tract is sexual or erotic in nature. In adults this is commonly caused by the insertion of objects used for masturbation and is frequently associated with mental health disorders. We report a case of insertion of telephone cable wire into the urethra. Our case highlights the importance of good history, clinical examination, relevant radiological investigation and simple measures to solve the problem

GAG layer replenishment therapy for chronic forms of cystitis with intravesical glycosaminoglycansA review

Aims Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer replenishment is a cornerstone in the therapy of interstitial cystitis (IC). During the last years intravesical GAG layer replenishment has proven to be an effective treatment for overactive bladder (OAB), radiation cystitis, and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Methods Examination of different substances available for intravesical GAG replenishment and evaluation of the evidence for the treatment of the above-mentioned conditions. Results We searched the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) database for studies on intravesical GAG replenishment. A total of 27 clinical studies remain relevant to this topic, many of them with mixed patient selection and suboptimal definition of symptom improvement/success. Two placebo controlled studies with hyaluronic acid failed to show superiority and have not been published. One active controlled randomized study has been published showing that chondroitin sulphate 0.2% has a clear benefit for OAB patients. Another study with chondroitin sulphate 2.0% failed to show statistically significant evidence, but was underpowered. Conclusions A short number of randomized controlled studies confirm efficacy of intravesical GAG layer replenishment therapy. Concluded from the study background (which comprises also uncontrolled studies), so far chondroitin sulphate 0.2% is in favor for intravesical GAG layer replenishment therapy. In general, large-scale trials are urgently needed to underline the benefit of this type of therapy. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 918, 2013

GAG layer replenishment therapy for chronic forms of cystitis with intravesical glycosaminoglycansA review

Aims Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer replenishment is a cornerstone in the therapy of interstitial cystitis (IC). During the last years intravesical GAG layer replenishment has proven to be an effective treatment for overactive bladder (OAB), radiation cystitis, and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Methods Examination of different substances available for intravesical GAG replenishment and evaluation of the evidence for the treatment of the above-mentioned conditions. Results We searched the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) database for studies on intravesical GAG replenishment. A total of 27 clinical studies remain relevant to this topic, many of them with mixed patient selection and suboptimal definition of symptom improvement/success. Two placebo controlled studies with hyaluronic acid failed to show superiority and have not been published. One active controlled randomized study has been published showing that chondroitin sulphate 0.2% has a clear benefit for OAB patients. Another study with chondroitin sulphate 2.0% failed to show statistically significant evidence, but was underpowered. Conclusions A short number of randomized controlled studies confirm efficacy of intravesical GAG layer replenishment therapy. Concluded from the study background (which comprises also uncontrolled studies), so far chondroitin sulphate 0.2% is in favor for intravesical GAG layer replenishment therapy. In general, large-scale trials are urgently needed to underline the benefit of this type of therapy. Neurourol. Urodynam. 32: 918, 2013