Analysis of Factors Affecting Security Trading In Investment Banks in Kenya

Security trading is the main function of an investment bank. It is therefore the process through which financial asset of any kind is traded. This paper is aimed at analyzing the various factors affecting security trading in investments banks in Kenya. The specific objectives which affect security trading in the investment banks include; legal and the regulatory framework, insider trading, taxation of investment income and the public knowhow on security trading. In summary, the researcher found out that compliance to CMA and having proper corporate governance structures are ways through which an investment bank is said to function in accordance to the laid down legal and regulatory framework. It was also found out that insider trading and taxation greatly affects the volume of securities to be traded in an investment bank. Poor literacy level, information inadequacy and lack of accessing the so needed information are some of the factors that affect public knowledge on security trading in investment banks. In conclusion, Legal and Regulatory framework, Insider trading, Taxation of investment income and public knowhow affects security trading in an investment Bank. Keywords: Security Trading, Insider Trading, Financial Asset, Investment bank

“We Used to go Asking for the Rains”: Local Interpretations of Environmental Changes and Implications for Natural Resource Management in Hwange District, Zimbabwe

In Hwange District, Zimbabwe, people living in the vicinity of the largest protected area of the country are facing rapid climate and environmental changes. Adopting an ethnoecological perspective, we sought to understand the way changes are understood locally in an area where people have interacted with their environment for centuries. In this chapter, we examine local people’s knowledge, expertise, and interpretative diagnoses about the environmental and climate changes they perceive around them. Qualitative fieldwork, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and structured free-listing interviews, was carried out over a three-month period in the communal lands of the district. Among changes related to wildlife interactions and landscape transformations, people mainly mobilize knowledge of trees and birds to predict rainfall and explain climate variability (related to seasons, precipitation, and temperatures). The most important findings of this research lie in people’s descriptions of ecological changes and their interpretations and explanations for these changes, which focus on arguments that are cultural (abandonment of ritual practices, access to ancestral sites), demographic (population growth), and political (wildlife management). For example, the disturbances in precipitation patterns are understood as a manifestation of the anger of ancestral spirits. We argue that these interpretive frameworks reflect the strong marginalization of the communities of the district from the national program of community-based natural resource management, CAMPFIRE, and that these discourses allow silenced voices to express themselves about sociopolitical concerns in an authoritarian context