Application of array processing for mobile communications

Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is about a mathematical equation and mathematical operations. It is described by the significations of discrete period, discrete frequency, or supplementary discrete area signals by a order of numbers or signals and the processing of all the signals that related. Digital Signal Processing applications consist of the signal processing for communication. For example is the array processing for the mobile communications. Signal processing is a extensive area of scrutiny that extends from the easiest form of 1-D signal processing to the convoluted form of M-D and array signal processing. This report presents th

Numerical study of variable length exhaust pipe in small engine

Small engines, with capacity not exceeding 150 cc, can be divided into two types: two-stroke and four-stroke engines. The exhaust pipe has significant influences on the performance of the engine. Thus, it is necessary to study factors that affect the exhaust in order to improve the performance of the engine. For this early stage, it would be appropriate to conduct the research by using simulations since they only require minimal resources and can be conducted in a short period. The objective of this study is to conduct the simulation for determining the required velocity and pressure in the exhaust pipe. The comparison is done between parameter values from different configuration of exhaust pipes; the most appropriate configuration is then proposed. Three types of exhaust pipe is proposed using computer software and simulations are carried out using ANSYS Workbench 15.0. Results show that the velocity and pressure fluctuate according to the diameter and length of the exhaust pipe. Model 3 exhaust pipe configurations have been selected as the most suitable exhaust pipe for obtaining the maximum pressure and velocity

IIR and FIR digital filter : a case study

This paper is about to analyze and identify the digital audio signal. Two audio signals are provided which is the original audio and the added noise audio signal. The purpose of the study is to identify and eliminate the unknown noise signals by using Finite Impulse Response and Infinite Impulse Response digital filters. The detail steps to design the both have been stated in this paper. All the results is simulated and showed in MATLAB to show the comparison between the two. Keywords- FIR, IIR, MATLAB

Simulation of Wideband Power Amplifier Design for Software Defined Radio (SDR) Using Feedback and Balanced Topology

This paper presents the design of power amplifier based on balanced and feedback topology for Software Defined Radio (SDR) using Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software. There is a growing interest in SDR in recent years upon the development of new technologies which that capable to support a coverage of Global System for Mobile (GSM), Third Generation (3G) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) at the same location provided by one base station compare to before which is needed a separate base station for different channel bandwidth. The main objective of this research is to design a wideband power amplifier for SDR system that can support wide range frequency from 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz using GaAs Enhancementmode pHEMT transistor from Avago Technologies. The relevant amplifier theory with detailed descriptions of design and simulation processes was discussed in this paper. There are three techniques which are single stage, balanced, and the feedback was used for wideband power amplifier design. In 1 dB compression point for the simulated amplifier, more than 30 dBm of output power, efficiency (PAE) of 50% and gain of 10 dB are achieved. The design based on feedback topology give the highest gain and output power compared to balanced topology

Review on the barcode technology of android application development for GST products database system

Starting from 1 April 2015, the Goods and Service Tax will be introduced by the Malaysia Government to be implemented in the country. Since there is no such application provided in the market that can help the struggling citizen to recognize the GST goods, hence; this study will compare the existing Goods and Service Tax system and expose the user an idea to know the items with GST. Selected review papers had been chosen as the man reference to review this specific issue that related to Goods and Service Tax. Advantages and disadvantages of the review paper will be tabulated as to compare and to be used in order to produce a user friendly Android application in the future. In conclusion, the grayscale technique was the suitable and convenient to be used in the image processing. Since, the accuracy of the technique is quite high and from all proposed techniques it is the easy one. The emphasis of the 1D barcodes is about the identification, since the scanning of the barcodes (from the android program) going to be connected to the database; this technique will be make the application to be simple and suitable for all type of user. Keywords: 1D Barcode, Android, Barcode, Database, Goods and Service Tax

Graphical User Interface For Wireless Patient Monitoring System Using Zigbee Communication

Nowadays,heart related diseases are on the rise situation.In Malaysia,the proportion of patients is increasing day by day but the number of doctor and nurse slightly different situation.For this reason,the new propose graphical user interface for wireless patient monitoring system is proposed in order to help doctors and nurses to monitor their patient wirelessly for 24 hours by using a designated proposed device.This system runs as prototype to minimize the costing issue in the hospital.This system consists of software and hardware. Visual Basic Net 2010 software is used to design the graphical user interface (GUI) and Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) 16F877A microcontroller is used as the hardware to implement the whole proposed system.This system is can be divided into three parts.There are three stages that involved in completing the system.The first is developing a program for the microcontroller,the second is transmitting the data from microcontroller to the personal computer (PC) using XBee module and the third is designing the GUI.In conclusion,the proposed GUI for wireless patient monitoring system facilitated the doctor and nurse in monitoring the patient and increased the efficiency of patient monitoring.For the future recommendation,additional sensor and alarm buzzer shall be added to the system as triggering the observer of the system

UWB Antenna Width Tuning Effect for UWB Communication

In this paper, a performance analysis of an array of 2 x 1 Ice Cream Cone UWB Antenna for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) communication is being proposed. The antenna designs have been simulated using CST Microwave Studio. The antenna covers the UWB spectrum from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, and had a return loss below than -10 dB throughout the entire band. The basic antenna analysis has been done including the analysis of antenna performance due to antenna width tuning. A compact antenna area of 70 x 80 mm2 is obtained. The material used is FR-4 epoxy glass substrate that has dielectric constant, r = 4.4 and the dielectric thickness; h = 1.6mm. The antenna also gives omni-directional radiation characteristics with reasonable gain values over the same frequency ban

Performance Evaluation of Edge-Based Segmentation Methods for Electrical Tree Image Analysis in High-Voltage Experiments

This research evaluates the performance of edge-based segmentation methods in analysing two-dimensional (2D) electrical tree images obtained during high-voltage (HV) electrical tree experiments. Non-uniform illumination in 2D optical images poses challenges in accurately extracting and measuring the original treeing image. Edge segmentation emerges as a promising solution to precisely distinguish tree structures from the insulation background within the image. Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) samples were subjected to HV stress for real-time propagation observation, followed by extraction and segmentation of treeing images using edge-based operators. The findings emphasize the superiority of the Roberts edge operator in accurately detecting electrical trees, showcasing the highest average accuracy of 97.01% and 99.58% specificity, while also demonstrating relatively high sensitivity. Moreover, the Roberts method provide much precisely measures the propagation length and width than conventional measurement method, closely approximating the actual tree measurements. This research emphasizes the significance of accurate segmentation for investigating electrical tree propagation in XLPE materials and provides recommendations for future research, especially in HV XLPE cable manufacturing