Dercum’s Disease: A Case Report of a Patient Having Both Type 1 and Type 2 Dercum’s Disease

Dercum’s disease, or adiposis dolorosa, is a rare disorder which consists of multiple, painful lipomas within the subcutaneous tissue and has a distribution mainly in the abdomen and extremities. Dercum’s disease can be defined as in combination with chronic painful adipose tissue. Although the etiology of Dercum’s disease is not clear, it is thought to be a combination of a neurological and endocrine disorder. Treatment for this disease is centered at managing pain. Although there is no standard of care for managing pain, there are different pain management regimes that are promising

Evaluation of the Genetic Variation of Non Coding Control Region of BK Virus Using Nested-PCR Sequencing Method in Renal Graft Patients

Background & aim: Polyomaviruses (BK) is a comprehensive infection with more than of 80% prevalence in the world. One of the most important reasons of BK virus nephropathy is in the renal transplant recipients and rejection of transplanted tissue between them. Non Coding region of this virus play a regulatory role in replication and amplification of the virus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic patterns of this area in renal graft at Namazi Transplantation Center, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: In the present experimental study, 380 renal allograft serums were collected. DNAs of 129 eligible samples were extracted and evaluated using a virus genome. The presence of the virus was determined by qualitative and sequencing. Of these, 129 samples were tested for the presence of virus according to the condition study, using quantitative, qualitative genomic amplification and sequencing. Results: The study showed symptoms of nephropathy, 76 (58.9%) of them were males and 46 (35.7%) were females with the mean age 38.0±.089 years of age. In general, 46 patients (35.7%) percent) were positive for BK Polyomaviruses. After comparing the genomic sequence with applications of molecular they were categorized in three groups and then recorded in gene bank. Conclusion: About 35% of renal transplant recipients with high creatinine levels were positive for the presence of BK virus. Non-coding region of respondents in the sample survey revealed that among patients with the most common genotypes were rearranged the entire transplant patients were observed at this tranplant center. Examination of these sequences indicated that this rearrangments had a specific pattern, different from the standard strain of archaea type

Antigenic variations of human influenza virus in Shiraz, Iran

Purpose: Influenza virus is a major cause of human respiratory infections and responsible for pandemics and regional outbreaks around the world. This investigation aims to determine the prevalent influenza genotypes during 2005-2007 outbreaks in Shiraz, the capital city of Fars province, southern Iran and compare the results obtained with those of previous study. Materials and Method: Of the 300 pharyngeal swabs collected from influenza patients, 26 were found to be positive by culture and hemagglutination (HA) assays. Typing and subtyping of the isolates carried out by using multiplex RT-PCR and phylogenetic analysis performed on isolated HA genes using neighbour-joining method. Result: Out of 26 positive isolates 12 and 14 were H1N1 and H3N2 respectively. The phylogenetic and amino acid sequence analyses of our H1N1 isolates showed 99-100% genetic resemblance to A/NewCaledonia/20/99 (H1N1) vaccine strain. Most of the Iranian H3N2 isolates varied form A/California/7/2004 vaccine strain in 20 amino acids of which positions 189,226 and 227 were located in antigenic sites of HA1 molecule. These substitutions were not observed in any of the H3N2 subtypes from the same region reported previously. Conclusion: The H3N2 subtype strains prevalent during the 2005/7 influenza outbreak in southern Iran demonstrated a drastic antigenic variation and differed from A/California/7/2004 vaccine strain. The H1N1 subtypes showed a notable resemblance to A/NewCaledonia/20/99 vaccine strain and therefore were predicted to be capable of conferring sufficient immunity against H1N1 subtypes

Characterization of in Vitro Cultivated Amastigote like of Leishmania major: A Substitution for in Vivo Studies

Background: Promastigotes of Leishmania spp. have been readily cultured, but the axenic culture of amastigotes has been successful in L. donovani, L .infantum L. mexicana and L. pifanoi. However, some species such as L. major, is much less amenable to axenic cultivation. In present study, we describe an in vitro culture system for the generation and propagation of axenic amastigotes form of L. major.Methods: Promastigotes of L. major were cultivated in a biphasic NNN medium. The liquid phase was Schneider's medium, pH 3.5, supplemented by 25% FCS (fetal calf serum). The cultures were maintained at 33-34°C for 120 hours. Results: Fine structure analysis of these in vitro-grown amastigotes by electron microscopy, demonstrated that they have a pear-shaped body with abortive short terminal flagellum. The in vitro-grown cells are agglutinated by peanut lectin. SDS-PAGE pattern of these axenic amastigotes showed a 66-kDa band, which was not present in promastigotes. The axenic grown amastigotes were able to infect peritoneum macrophages of BALB/c mice. In supernatant of culture, biochemical, analysis showed decreased protein and acid phosphate activity. Conclusion: These amastigotes like cells might serve as a suitable strain for the study of amastigote biochemistry, in vitro drug testing, and immunology of L. major