Российско-узбекское сотрудничество: риски и потенциал развития

In the context of tough geopolitical and economic competition, the development of Russian-Uzbek economic cooperation is of particular importance in terms of promoting Eurasian integration and forming the economic partnership belt of Russia. The economic potential, the level of diversification of industries and their technological effectiveness, and a balanced strategy of foreign economic cooperation of Uzbekistan contribute to the achievement of these goals to the greatest extent.In this context, the article aims to identify promising areas for the development of economic cooperation based on a comprehensive assessment of the state, risks and potential of economic cooperation. The study uses methods of economic analysis, systematic assessment of the state and prospects of development of various areas of cooperation between countries.The main factor in increasing the intensity of trade and economic cooperation between Russia and Uzbekistan is the new track of political and economic guidelines, changes in domestic economic policy, and the liberalization of currency exchange operations. Internal reforms have become a stimulating platform for activating bilateral agreements on expanding cooperation, which is reflected in the growth of mutual trade turnover, promotion and activation of investment and industrial cooperation projects. The intensification of Russian-Uzbek economic cooperation will help balance the centers of power in regional integration.В условиях жесткой геополитической и экономической конкуренции развитие российско-узбекского экономического сотрудничества приобретает особое значение с точки зрения продвижения евразийской интеграции и формирования экономического пояса партнерства России. Экономический потенциал, уровень диверсификации отраслей и их технологичности, сбалансированная стратегия внешнеэкономического сотрудничества Узбекистана в наибольшей степени способствуют достижению этих задач. В данном контексте в статье преследуется цель выявления перспективных направлений развития экономического сотрудничества на основе комплексной оценки состояния, рисков и потенциала экономического сотрудничества. В исследовании использованы методы экономического анализа, системной оценки состояния и перспектив развития различных сфер сотрудничества между странами.Основным фактором роста интенсивности торгово-экономического взаимодействия между Россией и Узбекистаном является новый трек политико-экономических ориентиров, смены внутренней экономической политики и либерализация валютно-обменных операций. Внутренние реформы стали стимулирующей платформой для активизации двусторонних соглашений по расширению сотрудничества, что получило свое отражение в росте взаимного торгового оборота, продвижению и активизации инвестиционных проектов и проектов по промышленной кооперации. Интенсификация российско-узбекского экономического сотрудничества позволит сбалансировать центры силы в региональной интеграции

Потенциал развития экономического сотрудничества России со странами ЕАЭС и СНГ

The article examines the peculiarities of the economic situation and the potential for the development of regional integration of Russia and the CIS and EAEU countries. The complexity of the current economic downturn against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic and the turbulence of world energy markets has a mixed impact not only on the economic downturn in the countries of the region, but also on integration processes, their nature and development prospects. In this context, the study of a set of interrelated processes from the point of view of the formation of economic policies of countries, their foreign economic guidelines and goals is relevant. At the same time, the methodology for integrated assessment of the development potential of regional integration is based on the following assumptions: the need to coordinate and develop economic development strategies and geopolitical strategies; creating the attractiveness of the Russian economy as a core of integration; development of common energy markets as the basic platform for integration in the EAEU.В статье исследованы особенности экономической ситуации и потенциал развития региональной интеграции России и стран СНГ и ЕАЭС. Сложность сложившейся ситуации экономического спада на фоне пандемии COVID-19 и турбулентности мировых рынков энергоносителей оказывает неоднозначное влияние не только на экономический спад в странах региона, но и на процессы интеграции, их характер и перспективы развития. В данном контексте актуальным представляется исследование комплекса взаимосвязанных процессов с точки зрения формирования экономической политики стран, их внешнеэкономических ориентиров и целей. При этом методика комплексной оценки потенциала развития региональной интеграции основана на следующих постулатах: необходимости координации и развития стратегий экономического развития и геополитических стратегий; формирования привлекательности российской экономики как ядра интеграции; развития общих рынков энергоресурсов как базовой платформы интеграции в ЕАЭС

Elite opinion and foreign policy in post-communist Russia

Russian elite opinion on matters of foreign policy may be classified as ‘Liberal Westerniser’, ‘Pragmatic Nationalist’ and ‘Fundamentalist Nationalist’, terms that reflect longstanding debates about the country’s relationship with the outside world. An analysis of press statements and election manifestoes together with a programme of elite interviews between 2004 and 2006 suggests a clustering of opinion on a series of strategic issues. Liberal Westernisers seek the closest possible relationship with Europe, and favour eventual membership of the EU and NATO. Pragmatic Nationalists are more inclined to favour practical co-operation, and do not assume an identity of values or interests with the Western countries. Fundamentalist Nationalists place more emphasis on the other former Soviet republics, and on Asia as much as Europe, and see the West as a threat to Russian values as well as to its state interests. Each of these positions, in turn, draws on an identifiable set of domestic constituencies: Liberal Westernisers on the promarket political parties, Pragmatic Nationalists on the presidential administration and defence and security ministries, and Fundamentalist Nationalists on the Orthodox Church and Communists

Potential of development of economic cooperation between Russia and EAEU and CIS countries

The article examines the peculiarities of the economic situation and the potential for the development of regional integration of Russia and the CIS and EAEU countries. The complexity of the current economic downturn against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic and the turbulence of world energy markets has a mixed impact not only on the economic downturn in the countries of the region, but also on integration processes, their nature and development prospects. In this context, the study of a set of interrelated processes from the point of view of the formation of economic policies of countries, their foreign economic guidelines and goals is relevant. At the same time, the methodology for integrated assessment of the development potential of regional integration is based on the following assumptions: the need to coordinate and develop economic development strategies and geopolitical strategies; creating the attractiveness of the Russian economy as a core of integration; development of common energy markets as the basic platform for integration in the EAEU

Formation of Common Electricity and Gas Markets in the EAEU: Market Models, Barriers and Solutions

The formation of common industrial markets of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the energy sector is not just a task to fulfill the terms of the Treaty on the EAEU, but a necessary condition for expanding integration interaction between partner countries, a necessary resource platform for developing competitive potential in the industrial sector of the EAEU member countries and a factor for ensuring energy security The formation of common industrial markets of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the energy sector is not just a task to fulfill the terms of the Treaty on the EAEU, but a necessary condition for expanding integration interaction between partner countries. It’s a necessary resource platform for developing competitive potential in the industrial sector of the EAEU member countries and a factor for ensuring energy security The authors examine in the article the world experience in applying various models for integrating energy markets, in particular electricity and gas, taking into account the specifics of the functioning of the sectoral national systems of the EAEU countries, their resource potential, the level of development of competition and monopolization, and the possibilities of transit of electricity and gas. The potential of creating and developing a common electricity market on the basis of the signed agreements in the EAEU was studied in the context of differences in the institutional and legal bases, the degree of development of competition in the national industrial electricity markets, and their liberalization levels. The revealed differences in the models of the national electricity markets of the EAEU countries cause a long transition period for the formation of a common market with a gradual decrease in the number of seizures in generation / production, transmission and ensuring the security of energy supply to countries. It is noted, that the coordinated model of the transition period does not contribute to the rapid obtaining of significant synergistic effects and the solution of energy redundancy problems. The need to develop a coordinated industrial policy of the EAEU countries to expand the use of resource potential and export of energy resources to third countries is noted. It requires an integrated approach to creating common markets, primarily electricity and gas. (можно дать одним предложением The need to develop a coordinated industrial policy of the EAEU countries to expand the use of resource potential and export of energy resources to third countries is noted, which requires an integrated approach to creating common markets, primarily electricity and gas., а можно оставить и так)The current level of the institutional and legal basis for the formation of the gas market does not allow to overcome the differences in the degree of liberalization of national gas markets, their monopolization and, accordingly, pricing, and determines the acceleration of integration rapprochement. The formation of common markets actualizes the format of exchange trading, the institutionalization of which on the electricity market is already provided for in the EAEU interstate agreements, and on the common gas market requires coordination and implementation of electronic trading mechanisms, drawing on Russian experience