GENETIC PREDICTORS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disturbance. It is believed that the primary form of AF is genetically determined in most cases, but the genetic component cannot be excluded in the secondary form of AF. AF is a heterogeneous disease and many authors proved its relationship with other genetic heart disease. In most cases, certain combinations of polymorphisms of different genes promote the development of AF. The study of genes of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is especially important, because the role of this system in AF pathogenesis is currently studding most intensively. These studies are of great practical interest, as associative effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in the prevention of AF is revealed. RAAS blockers are able not only to reduce the risk of new-onset AF in hypertensive and normotensive patients but also prevent recurrence of AF. Furthermore, experimental studies showed that RAAS blockers prevent not only the remodeling of the left ventricle, and also the left atrium, pointing to the pathogenesis of AF. So, screening for susceptibility genes and the study of their polymorphism is currently an important focus in the study of AF

GENETIC PREDICTORS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disturbance. It is believed that the primary form of AF is genetically determined in most cases, but the genetic component cannot be excluded in the secondary form of AF. AF is a heterogeneous disease and many authors proved its relationship with other genetic heart disease. In most cases, certain combinations of polymorphisms of different genes promote the development of AF. The study of genes of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is especially important, because the role of this system in AF pathogenesis is currently studding most intensively. These studies are of great practical interest, as associative effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in the prevention of AF is revealed. RAAS blockers are able not only to reduce the risk of new-onset AF in hypertensive and normotensive patients but also prevent recurrence of AF. Furthermore, experimental studies showed that RAAS blockers prevent not only the remodeling of the left ventricle, and also the left atrium, pointing to the pathogenesis of AF. So, screening for susceptibility genes and the study of their polymorphism is currently an important focus in the study of AF

Differences in the Incidence of Major Risk Factors in Patients with Ischemic or Hemorrhagic Stroke in the Siberian Population

Background. The study of the incidence of risk factors (RF) of stroke for primary and secondary prevention of this disease remains relevant. There are modifiable and non-modifiable RF.Aim. To study the frequency of the main RF in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in the urban population of Krasnoyarsk (Eastern Siberia).Material and methods. Examination of 124 patients with an ischemic stroke and 28 with hemorrhagic was performed. Patients received treatment in neurologic center of Krasnoyarsk in 2014 year. The main criterion of inclusion was the confirmed diagnosis of an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. All patient had the clinic-tool and neurovisualizing examination and collecting the individual and family anamnesis with examination of modifiable and non-modifiable RF. The research of the neurologic status at patients both with ischemic, and with a hemorrhagic stroke was conducted by the standard technique. Based on results of computer or magnetic resonance imaging of a brain the diagnosis of an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke was established.Results. A distinctive feature of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was the occurrence of a vascular accident in younger age (6 years earlier) in comparison with ischemic stroke. Among patients with ischemic stroke elevated body mass index (BMI) was in 87 (70.2%) patients, burdened heredity was in 8.1% of cases, and 43.5% of patients were smokers. Among patients with hemorrhagic stroke 16 (57.1%) patients had elevated BMI. People with burdened heredity were not identified among them. Smoking was found in 22 (78.6%) patients in this group.Conclusion. Improvement of treatment and prevention of an ischemic stroke are in many respects connected with clarification of RF and pathogenic mechanisms of its development. The rational pharmacotherapy directed to pointed impact on individual RF can reduce the risk of development of stroke not only at individual, but also at the population level

Reperfusion therapies and in-hospital outcomes for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Europe: The ACVC-EAPCI EORP STEMI Registry of the European Society of Cardiology

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the contemporary use of reperfusion therapy in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) member and affiliated countries and adherence to ESC clinical practice guidelines in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods and results: Prospective cohort (EURObservational Research Programme STEMI Registry) of hospitalized STEMI patients with symptom onset <24 h in 196 centres across 29 countries. A total of 11 462 patients were enrolled, for whom primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (total cohort frequency: 72.2%, country frequency range 0-100%), fibrinolysis (18.8%; 0-100%), and no reperfusion therapy (9.0%; 0-75%) were performed. Corresponding in-hospital mortality rates from any cause were 3.1%, 4.4%, and 14.1% and overall mortality was 4.4% (country range 2.5-5.9%). Achievement of quality indicators for reperfusion was reported for 92.7% (region range 84.8-97.5%) for the performance of reperfusion therapy of all patients with STEMI <12 h and 54.4% (region range 37.1-70.1%) for timely reperfusion. Conclusions: The use of reperfusion therapy for STEMI in the ESC member and affiliated countries was high. Primary PCI was the most frequently used treatment and associated total in-hospital mortality was below 5%. However, there was geographic variation in the use of primary PCI, which was associated with differences in in-hospital mortality

The ESC ACCA EAPCI EORP acute coronary syndrome ST-elevation myocardial infarction registry

Aims: The Acute Cardiac Care Association (ACCA)-European Association of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (EAPCI) Registry on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) of the EurObservational programme (EORP) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) registry aimed to determine the current state of the use of reperfusion therapy in ESC member and ESC affiliated countries and the adherence to ESC STEMI guidelines in patients with STEMI. Methods and results: Between 1 January 2015 and 31 March 2018, a total of 11 462 patients admitted with an initial diagnosis of STEMI according to the 2012 ESC STEMI guidelines were enrolled. Individual patient data were collected across 196 centres and 29 countries. Among the centres, there were 136 percutaneous coronary intervention centres and 91 with cardiac surgery on-site. The majority of centres (129/196) were part of a STEMI network. The main objective of this study was to describe the demographic, clinical, and angiographic characteristics of patients with STEMI. Other objectives include to assess management patterns and in particular the current use of reperfusion therapies and to evaluate how recommendations of most recent STEMI European guidelines regarding reperfusion therapies and adjunctive pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are adopted in clinical practice and how their application can impact on patients' outcomes. Patients will be followed for 1 year after admission. Conclusion: The ESC ACCA-EAPCI EORP ACS STEMI registry is an international registry of care and outcomes of patients hospitalized with STEMI. It will provide insights into the contemporary patient profile, management patterns, and 1-year outcome of patients with STEMI

Cohort profile. the ESC-EORP chronic ischemic cardiovascular disease long-term (CICD LT) registry

The European Society of cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Chronic Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease registry Long Term (CICD) aims to study the clinical profile, treatment modalities and outcomes of patients diagnosed with CICD in a contemporary environment in order to assess whether these patients at high cardiovascular risk are treated according to ESC guidelines on prevention or on stable coronary disease and to determine mid and long term outcomes and their determinants in this population