Evaluation of Cellular Fibronectin Plasma Levels as a Useful Staging Tool in Different Stages of Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder and Renal Cell Carcinoma

Reliable markers for both renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC) are lacking

Leisure Activity, Ethnic Preservation, and Cultural Integration of Older Korean Americans

For immigrant groups, leisure activity has the potential both to increase familiarity with a new culture and to preserve cultural history and identity. Using a qualitative case study design, this research analyzed leisure activities of six older Korean Americans to determine both personal and cultural meanings of leisure. From a personal perspective, leisure was used to create two effects for the older adults: Ki-Bun-Chun-Whan, which is the experience of a shift in emotional atmosphere as a result of engaging in activities; and self-development activities, which provide the older adults with opportunities for learning or growth. Cultural meanings of leisure activities included the re-creation of Koreanness and the reliance on familiar patterns to create a sense of security in a still-strange land. Thus, with the individuals studied in this investigation, leisure activities were used more often for continuity and ethnic preservation than for cultural integration. Social workers can use leisure activities as avenues to increase knowledge and social participation, but they should also take into account the need to preserve cultural and collective identity in older immigrants

Effect of breed of cow and calf on recorded milk yield in a dairy ranching herd in Costa Rica

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Co-transport-induced instability of membrane voltage in tip-growing cells

A salient feature of stationary patterns in tip-growing cells is the key role played by the symports and antiports, membrane proteins that translocate two ionic species at the same time. It is shown that these co-transporters destabilize generically the membrane voltage if the two translocated ions diffuse differently and carry a charge of opposite (same) sign for symports (antiports). Orders of magnitude obtained for the time and lengthscale are in agreement with experiments. A weakly nonlinear analysis characterizes the bifurcation

X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy of plutonium solid species.

We present XANES at the L{sub III} edge for four plutonium solid phases: Pu(III)F{sub 3}, Pu(IV)O{sub 2}, NaPu(V)O{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, and Ba{sub 3}Pu(VI)O{sub 6}. These correspond to the four important oxidation states in the process chemistry and environmental chemistry of plutonium. By a fitting method that uses an arc tangent function and gaussian curves, it was possible to reproducibly determine the edge energy and distinguish among the four oxidation states. These data demonstrate a 1.85 {+-} 0.20 eV shift per oxidation state