IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF ISOLATED COMPOUNDS FROM VIBURNUM PUNCTATUM BUCH-HAM EX D. DON

Objective: The main aim of the study was to screen the isolated compounds of Viburnum Punctatum for its in vitro anticancer activity and its percentage viability against HCT 15 (Human Colon Cancer Cells) Cell lines.Methods: Pet ether, Chloroform, Methanol and Aqueous extracts was prepared and assayed for the presence of phytochemicals. Two compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of Viburnum Punctatum by column chromatography such as ME1 (Quercetin) and ME2 (Kaemferol-3-glycoside) characterised by UV, IR, MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The above isolated compounds were subjected to in vitro anticancer activity on HCT 15 cell lines was evaluated by Micro culture Tetrazolium (MTT) assay.Results: ME1 showed significant cytotoxic activity than the ME2 on HCT 15 cells with a percentage viability of 54.60 and 67.18 in the concentration of 10µg/ml and 50µg/ml respectively.Conclusion: On the basis of obtained results, ME1 and ME2 isolated from a methanolic extract of Viburnum Punctatum represent a new group of cytotoxic against HCT 15 Cell lines

IN VITRO HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF VIBURNUM PUNCTATUM BUCH-HAM EX D.DON AGAINST CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED TOXICITY

Objective: The study was aimed to evaluate of in vitro hepatoprotective activity of Chloroform and Methanol extracts of Viburnum punctatum (200 and 400 μg/ml) against carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity. Methods: The screening of hepatoprotective activity was based on the protection of human liver derived Chang liver cells against CCl4 induced damage determined by MTT assay [(3-(4,5 dimethylthiazole-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay] using Silymarin as standard. Results: The chang liver cells were treated with different concentrations of chloroform and methanol extracts of Viburnum punctatum, showed a dose dependent increase in percentage viability and the results were highly significant (P<0.001, when compared with CCl4 induced group). The percentage viability ranged between 62 to 84% at 200-400µg/ml concentrations. The methanolic extract exhibited more hepatoprotective activity when compared to chloroform extract. Conclusion: The results clearly demonstrate that Viburnum punctatum possess promising hepatoprotective effects and hence suggests to isolate and identify the active principle involved in the hepatoprotective activity

3,3-Dimethyl-cis-2,6-di-p-tolyl­piperidin-4-one

In the title mol­ecule, C21H25NO, the piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation. The benzene rings and one of the methyl groups attached to the piperidine ring have equatorial orientations. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 72.53 (9)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak C—H⋯π inter­actions involving the benzene rings are also present in the crystal structure

SVPWM CONTROLLED PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

Multilevel inversion is a power conversion strategy in which the output voltage is obtained in steps. In recent years, the multilevel inverters have drawn tremendous interest in the area of high-power medium-voltage energy control. Several modulation and control strategies have been developed or adopted for multilevel inverters including the following multilevel Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM), and Space Vector Modulation. In this paper simulation of SVPWM are applied for performance analysis of PMSM using voltage source inverter. The THD and speed torque analysis for PMSM are simulated using MATLAB simulink

Does COVID-19 Affect Adult Neurogenesis? A Neurochemical Perspective

COVID-19 has been found to cause neuropsychiatric symptoms which indicate brain involvement. SARS-CoV-2 may enter the brain by damaging and penetrating olfactory mucosa and via other possible routes like damaged blood–brain barrier, and hematologic spread. With SARS-CoV-2 having a higher affinity to ACE2 receptors, brain regions that have higher ACE2 receptors like the hippocampus, are more vulnerable to the effect of the viral invasion. In addition, immune cell activation, an important feature of COVID-19, leads to cytokine storm which causes neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Impaired adult neurogenesis is related to many psychiatric disorders including depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, and PTSD. It is known to be related to the depletion of neurotransmitters, dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, and glutamate which play a major role in adult neurogenesis. A recent study reveals that SSRI which acts by increasing serotonin is proven beneficial in COVID-19 patients. Thus, the current chapter will discuss the impact of COVID-19 on adult neurogenesis with emphasis on the role of ACE2 and neurotransmitters