Balancing Diets with the CNCPS v6.5 – What’s Changed and Implications for Use

This information was presented at the 2015 Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers, organized by the Department of Animal Science In the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http://ansci.cals.cornell.edu/extension-outreach/adult-extension/dairy-management/order-proceedings-resources

In vitro ruminal dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility of common feedstuffs as affected by the addition of essential oils and their active compounds

The effects of essential oils (EO) and their active compounds (EOC) on dry matter digestibility and neutral detergent fibre digestibility (DMD and NDFD, respectively) are still not enough described since in vitro methods are limited. So, the aim of the study was to screen and compare the main effects of EO and EOC on short-term DMD and NDFD using the in vitro method. The addition of phenylpropanoid-rich cinnamon oil (CIN) and clove oil (CLO), terpenoid-rich thyme oil (THY) and oregano oil (ORG), and four EOC: cinnamaldehyde (CIN-C), eugenol (EUG), thymol (THY-C) and carvacrol (CAR) was studied at a dose of 0.5 mg ? l?1 of main active compound. Products were tested on four substrates: lucerne hay, soyabean meal, maize meal and a total mixed ration (TMR). Digestibility was determined at 4 and 24 h of fermentation. Both CIN and CIN-C increased NDFD4 of lucerne and maize meal, and decreased NDFD24 of soyabean meal; while CIN-C reduced NDF24 of TMR and CIN reduced DMD of soyabean at both examined hours. CLO and EUG decreased the NDFD24 of soyabean meal improving its DMD24. Also initial DMD of lucerne was increased by both these factors. Only CLO reduced NDFD24 of maize meal. Both THY and THY-C reduced DMD4 of soyabean meal; however only THY-C improved NDF4 of lucerne and reduced NDFD24 of soyabean meal and TMR. DMD24 of most substrates (except lucerne) was reduced by ORE, but not by CAR which improved NDFD4 of lucerne. The in vitro method was sensitive to variations in digestibility caused by EO and EOC, providing a promising approach for the incorporation of EO and EOC effects in systems for cattle diet formulationauthorsversionPeer reviewe

Balancing for Intestinal Nitrogen Indigestibility in High Producing Lactating Cattle: One Step Closer to Feeding a Cow Like a Pig?

This information was presented at the 2014 Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers, organized by the Department of Animal Science In the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. Softcover copies of the entire conference proceedings may be purchased at http://ansci.cals.cornell.edu/extension-outreach/adult-extension/dairy-management/order-proceedings-resources or by calling (607)255-4285

Effects of the combination between selected phytochemicals and the carriers silica and Tween 80 on dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility of common feeds

The overall objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of 2 carriers (Silica, SIL, and Tween 80, T80) and their interaction with 8 phytochemicals (PCs), on in vitro dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility (DMD, NDFD) of 3 substrates commonly used as feed for dairy cattle (soybean meal, maize meal and total mixed ration –TMR). A total of eight PCs were tested: 4 essential oils (EO) - cinnamon oil (CIN), clove oil (CLO), thyme oil (THY) and oregano oil (ORE) - and 4 essential oil active compounds (EOAC) - cinnamaldehyde (CIN-AC), eugenol (EUG), thymol (THY-AC) and carvacrol (CAR). A positive control with carrier and no PCs was tested for each substrate (CRR). Each PC was tested at 0.5 mg L−1 of medium on DMD and NDFD in an in vitro batch fermentation system. The incubation was performed twice at the intervals of 4 (DMD4, NDFD4) and 24 (DMD24, NDFD24) h. The PCs effect was significant on maize meal and soybean meal DMD24. The carrier’s effect was significant on soybean meal DMD24, indicating a depressive effect of T80 on soybean meal. The PC-carrier interactions were significant on both DMD and NDFD of the tested substrates, except for maize meal and soybean meal DMD24. The PCs-SIL combinations generally increased digestibility while the combination with T80 exerted positive effect only on maize DMD4. The PC-carrier combinations variably affect digestibility of different substrates and these interactions should be considered both for their scientific and commercial implications.HIGHLIGHTS PC-Carrier interactions affect in vitro digestibility. In general, the PC-SIL combinations increase digestibility while those with Tween 80 exert depressing effect. The PC-Carrier effect is variable depending on the degraded substrate