Electronic Characteristics of Quasi-2D Metallochloronitrides: Na(x)HfNCL (T_c=25 K)

Local density functional results are presented for the electron-doped metallochloronitrides A(x)ZrNCl and A(x)HfNCl, A = Li or Na, which superconduct up to 25K. The alkali non-stoichiometry is treated in a virtual crystal approximation. The electronic structure is strongly two dimensional, especially in the conduction band region occupied by the carriers, because the states are formed from the in-plane orbitals d_xy, d_{x^2-y^2} of the metal ion and the p_x, p_y orbitals of the N ion. We predict a change of behavior at a doping level of x=0.3.Comment: To appear in Proc. HTS99 Conf., Miami 1999. Four revtex pages, 5 embedded postscript figure

Exceptionally large room-temperature ferroelectric polarization in the novel PbNiO3 multiferroic oxide

We present a study based on several advanced First-Principles methods, of the recently synthesized PbNiO3 [J. Am. Chem. Soc 133, 16920 (2011)], a rhombohedral antiferromagnetic insulator which crystallizes in the highly distorted R3c crystal structure. We find this compound electrically polarized, with a very large electric polarization of about 100 (\muC/cm)^2, thus even exceeding the polarization of well-known BiFeO3. PbNiO3 is a proper ferroelectric, with polarization driven by large Pb-O polar displacements along the [111] direction. Contrarily to naive expectations, a definite ionic charge of 4+ for Pb ion can not be assigned, and in fact the large Pb 6s-O 2p hybridization drives the ferroelectric distortion through a lone-pair mechanism similar to that of other Pb- and Bi-based multiferroic

Extracting convergent surface energies from slab calculations

The formation energy of a solid surface can be extracted from slab calculations if the bulk energy per atom is known. It has been pointed out previously that the resulting surface energy will diverge with slab thickness if the bulk energy is in error, in the context of calculations which used different methods to study the bulk and slab systems. We show here that this result is equally relevant for state-of-the-art computational methods which carefully treat bulk and slab systems in the same way. Here we compare different approaches, and present a solution to the problem that eliminates the divergence and leads to rapidly convergent and accurate surface energies.Comment: 3 revtex pages, 1 figure, in print on J. Phys. Cond. Mat

Chemical Hardness, Linear Response, and Pseudopotential Transferability

We propose a systematic method of analyzing pseudopotential transferability based on linear-response properties of the free atom, including self-consistent chemical hardness and polarizability. Our calculation of hardness extends the approach of Teter\cite{teter} not only by including self-consistency, but also by generalizing to non-diagonal hardness matrices, thereby allowing us to test for transferability to non-spherically symmetric environments. We apply the method to study the transferability of norm-conserving pseudopotentials for a variety of elements in the Periodic Table. We find that the self-consistent corrections are frequently significant, and should not be neglected. We prove that the partial-core correction improves the pseudopotential hardness of alkali metals considerably. We propose a quantity to represent the average hardness error and calculate this quantity for many representative elements as a function of pseudopotential cutoff radii. We find that the atomic polarizabilities are usually well reproduced by the norm-conserving pseudopotentials. Our results provide useful guidelines for making optimal choices in the pseudopotential generation procedure.Comment: Revtex (preprint style, 33 pages) + 9 postscript figures A version in two-column article style with embedded figures is available at http://electron.rutgers.edu/~dhv/preprints/index.html#l

Prediction of Ferromagnetic Ground State of NaCl-type FeN

Ab-initio results for structural and electronic properties of NaCl-type FeN are presented in a framework of plane-wave and ultrasoft pseudopotentials. Competition among different magnetic ordering is examined. We find the ferromagnetic phase stable overall. Stabilization over the unpolarized phase is obtained by splitting one flat t_2g-type band crossing the Fermi energy. A comparison with CrN is considered. We find large differences in the properties of the two systems that can be addressed to the smaller ionicity and magnetization of FeN.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, twocolumn latex style Sentence changed in Section III line 1

High Curie temperatures in (Ga,Mn)N from Mn clustering

The effect of microscopic Mn cluster distribution on the Curie temperature (Tc) is studied using density-functional calculations. We find that the calculated Tc depends crucially on the microscopic cluster distribution, which can explain the abnormally large variations in experimental Tc values from a few K to well above room temperature. The partially dimerized Mn_2-Mn_1 distribution is found to give the highest Tc > 500 K, and in general, the presence of the Mn_2 dimer has a tendency to enhance Tc. The lowest Tc values close to zero are obtained for the Mn_4-Mn_1 and Mn_4-Mn_3 distributions.Comment: To appear in Applied Phyiscs Letter

Fermi Surface Topology and Rashba-Edelstein Charge-Spin Conversion in Lead-Halide Perovskites

The conversion of charge current into spin current by the Rashba-Edelstein effect enables the reciprocal control of electron charge and magnetization in magnetoelectric and magneto-optical devices. The fundamentals of this effect are described in 3D lead-halide perovskites: due to spin-momentum locking, a strong charge-spin conversion, widely tunable by the injected charge density, is envisaged. The analysis highlights the close relationship between charge-spin conversion and the topological transition occurring from the low-density, torus-shaped Fermi surface (genus 1) to the high-density, simply connected Fermi surfaces (genus 0). At room temperature, spin-polarizations as large as approximate to 10% are obtained for input charge currents in the approximate to 102 to 106 Acm(-2) range; at low temperature, almost full spin-polarization can be achieved, owed to the large, impurity scattering-limited mobilities. The results qualify lead-halide perovskites as suitable materials for spin-orbitronic applications

Large phonon-drag enhancement induced by narrow quantum confinement at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface

The thermoelectric power of the two-dimensional electron system (2DES) at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface is explored below room temperature, in comparison with that of Nb-doped SrTiO3 single crystals. For the interface we find a region below T =50 K where thermopower is dominated by phonon-drag, whose amplitude is hugely amplified with respect to the corresponding bulk value, reaching values ~mV/K and above. The phonon-drag enhancement at the interface is traced back to the tight carrier confinement of the 2DES, and represents a sharp signature of strong electron-acoustic phonon coupling at the interface

Self-interaction errors in density functional calculations of electronic transport

All density functional calculations of single-molecule transport to date have used continuous exchange-correlation approximations. The lack of derivative discontinuity in such calculations leads to the erroneous prediction of metallic transport for insulating molecules. A simple and computationally undemanding atomic self-interaction correction greatly improves the agreement with experiment for the prototype Au/dithiolated-benzene/Au junction.Comment: 4 pages. Also available at http://www.smeagol.tcd.i