ESR study of the spin ladder with uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moria interaction

Evolution of the ESR absorption in a strong-leg spin ladder magnet (C$_7$H$_{10}$N$_2$)$_2$CuBr$_4$ (abbreviated as DIMPY) is studied from 300K to 400mK. Temperature dependence of the ESR relaxation follows a staircase of crossovers between different relaxation regimes. We ague that the main mechanism of ESR line broadening in DIMPY is uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moria interaction ($|\vec{D}|=0.20$K) with an effective longitudinal component along an exchange bond of Cu ions within the legs resulting from the low crystal symmetry of DIMPY and nontrivial orbital ordering. The same Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction results in the lifting of the triplet excitation degeneracy, revealed through the weak splitting of the ESR absorption at low temperatures.Comment: 13 pages, submitted to PRB, Fig.3 update

Spin correlations and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Cs2_2CuCl4_4

We report on electron spin resonance (ESR) studies of the spin relaxation in Cs$_2$CuCl$_4$. The main source of the ESR linewidth at temperatures $T \leq 150$ K is attributed to the uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The vector components of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction are determined from the angular dependence of the ESR spectra using a high-temperature approximation. Both the angular and temperature dependence of the ESR linewidth have been analyzed using a self-consistent quantum-mechanical approach. In addition analytical expressions based on a quasi-classical picture for spin fluctuations are derived, which show good agreement with the quantum-approach for temperatures $T \geq 2J/k_{\rm B} \approx 15$ K. A small modulation of the ESR linewidth observed in the $ac$-plane is attributed to the anisotropic Zeeman interaction, which reflects the two magnetically nonequivalent Cu positions

ПРАВОВЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ ЗАВЕРЕНИЙ, ГАРАНТИЙ, ГАРАНТИЙ ВОЗМЕЩЕНИЯ ПОТЕРЬ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ПРАВЕ

The paper analyzes civil-law institutions of representations, warranties and indemnities in contracts of purchase and sale of shares or stakes as a merger and acquisition method, and gets an insight into the legal nature of these legal mechanisms from the standpoint of the English legislator and judicial precedents. The author has analyzed the main English law doctrines, identified features and specifics of representations, warranties and indemnities. The relevance of the subject is determined by the transboundary nature of mergers and acquisitions. The author provides examples of the implementation of the above legal institutions when concluding shares purchase contracts. The author has also analyzed the terminological features of representations, warranties, indemnities as well as the relationships arising in the implementation of provisions on representations, warranties, indemnities.В статье автор анализирует гражданско-правовые институты заверений, гарантий, гарантий возмещения потерь в договоре купли-продажи акций или долей как способе слияния и поглощения, а также углубляется в правовую природу указанных правовых механизмов с позиции английского законодателя и судебных прецедентов. Автором проведен анализ основных доктрин английского права, выявлены черты и особенности заверений, гарантий, гарантий возмещения потерь. Актуальность указанной темы диктуется трансграничной природой сделок слияния и поглощения. Автор приводит примеры реализации указанных правовых институтов при заключении договоров купли-продажи акций. Автором также проанализированы терминологические особенности заверений, гарантий, гарантий возмещения потерь, а также взаимосвязи между реализацией положений о заверениях, гарантиях, гарантиях возмещения потерь

ПРАВОВЫЕ И ДОГОВОРНЫЕ РИСКИ В СДЕЛКАХ СЛИЯНИЯ И ПОГЛОЩЕНИЯ

The paper analyzes the civil institutions of legal and contractual risks in mergers and acquisitions and gives an insight into the legal nature of their mechanisms in terms of the theory and practice of the civil law. Some of the legal problems and gaps in the law are identified and solutions are proposed. The importance of the topic is dictated by the cross-border nature of mergers and acquisitions. The legal analysis was made unadjusted for the changes made in the Civil Code. Examples of risks are provided and risks arising from the implementation of various procedures related to the purchase or sale of shares, including due diligence procedures, are analyzed. The basic concepts of the legal and contractual risks used in statutory instruments are examined and contradictions and flaws of the definitions are highlighted. Attention is paid to the analysis of concepts and interpretations proposed by Soviet Civil Law experts as well as to the interrelations between legal, economic and business risks. Classifications of legal and contractual risks are discussed.В статье автор анализирует гражданско-правовые институты правовых и договорных рисков в сделках слияния и поглощения, а также углубляется в правовую природу указанных правовых механизмов с позиции теории и практики применения гражданского законодательства. Обозначены некоторые юридические проблемы и пробелы в праве, предложены способы решения указанных проблем. Актуальность указанной темы диктуется трансграничной природой сделок слияния и поглощения. Юридический анализ проведен без учета изменений, внесенных в Гражданский кодекс. Автор приводит примеры указанных рисков и анализирует возникающие риски при проведении различных процедур при покупке или продаже акций, в частности процедур юридической проверки предприятия. Автором также проанализированы основные понятия правовых и договорных рисков, используемых в нормативно-правовых актах, указаны противоречия и недочеты определений. Уделено внимание анализу концепций и трактовок советских цивилистов, а также взаимосвязи правовых, экономических и предпринимательских рисков. Приводится анализ классификаций правовых и договорных рисков

Optimization models in the SCM-system: progressive supply chain management

Transformations in socio-economic space affect functioning of entrepreneurial activity, leading to a change in the configuration of business processes. In the context of increasing complexity of external environment and digitalization, subjects must ensure the activities effectiveness based on supply chains optimization. Entities are required to use progressive methods of supply chain management. The purpose of the study is to analyze main optimization models in supply chain management (SCM) to determine progressive ways to improve them. The issues of SCM have been worked out, models of their optimization considered and suggestions for their improvement made. Theoretical analysis and generalization of information that allow to substantiate the SCM optimization models’ apparatus (SCOR, DCOR, CCOR) act as a methodological basis. As a result, it is proposed to focus on possibilities of progressive supply chain management, which make it possible to use information technologies to work through a large array of data and continuously obtain values for indicators, contributing to the development of models for optimizing logistics operations and processes in the SCM. The developments obtained are planned to be used for the development of practical models for optimizing enterprises’ supply chains

Intramolecular non-covalent interactions as a strategy towards controlled photoluminescence in copper(i) complexes

In this work, we describe a new strategy for designing photoluminescent Cu(i) complexes. At its core are simple cyclophane inspired N-donor ligands featuring intramolecular interactions between aromatic units within a single molecule. Variation of the steric bulk inflicted a change in intramolecular stacking distances that in turn affected the emission colour of copper(i) complexes tunable in a 0.5 eV range from green to red. As the interactions driving emission are confined to the single molecule, no intermolecular aggregation is required to enable photoluminescence in solution, pristine crystals, or solution-cast polymer films. A crystallographic study provides a link between the spatial proximity of the aromatic rings of the ligands (ranging from 3.349 to 3.731 A) and the enhancement of emission efficiency, which increases dramatically from 0.02 to 0.78 at 296 K as the ring spacing contracts. Photophysical and theoretical analyses confirm the involvement of intramolecular interactions in the formation of the emissive state and describe the observed phenomena at the molecular level

Synthesis of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arenes functionalized with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine fragments at the lower rim and their interaction with model lipid membranes

© ISUCT Publishing. New tetrasubstituted derivatives of thiacalix[4]arene functionalized with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine fragments at the lower rim in the cone, partial cone and 1,3-alternate conformations have been synthesized. It has been shown that during the interaction of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine with thiacalix[4]arenes in cone and partial cone conformation, еру cyclic fragments are formed. The structure with acyclic fragments is obtained in the case of thiacalix[4]arenes in 1,3- alternate conformation. The interaction of these compounds with a biomembrane model system was studied. It has been shown that the interaction of these compounds with model lipid membranes depends not only on the presence of hydrophilic-hydrophobic groups but also on the spatial orientation of these groups

Structural aspects of partial solid solution formation: Two crystalline modifications of a chiral derivative of 1,5-dihydro-2: H -pyrrol-2-one under consideration

The purposeful change of crystallization conditions for rac-3-chloro-5-hydroxy-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one 1 leads to two different crystal modifications, namely, a racemic compound in the triclinic space group P1 with Z′ = 1 (α-1) and a partial solid solution based on a racemic compound in the monoclinic space group P2 1 with Z′ = 4 (β-1). The first modification, α-1, is characterized by a higher density of the molecular packing in the crystal, while the second one, β-1, by a stronger system of hydrogen bonds and the presence of positional and substitutional disorder simultaneously. The analysis of the crystal structure of modifications α and β allowed us to define some structural aspects of the partial solid solution formation. Namely, the tendency to build a stronger hydrogen bond system enables the solution of enantiomers of 1 to be formed in the crystalline phase, whereas the propensity of the molecules to adopt a more favorable transoid conformation limits the solubility of the minor enantiomer. 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry