49 research outputs found

    Assessing the Effects of a Paired TBL Session and Patient Simulation on Pharmacy Student HIV Treatment Knowledge

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    Description of the Problem: Pharmacists can play a crucial role in monitoring, counseling, and providing adherence checks across practice pharmacy settings; but they may not gain experience in this area until after graduating from pharmacy school. Statement of Innovation: Students participated in an intentionally aligned team-based learning session followed by completion of an HIV patient treatment worksheet and an HIV patient care simulation. This sequence was assessed using the HIV Treatment Knowledge Scale. Description of the Innovation: Second-year pharmacy students (N=48, 98% response rate) participated in a baseline knowledge assessment before a four-hour HIV team-based learning (TBL) session, which included the use of an online HIV Patient Management Simulator. Students were administered the scale again post-session. Three days before the simulation, students had access to an HIV patient treatment worksheet that was required to be completed before the simulation. Ten days after the initial assessment, students participated in an HIV patient simulation where they proposed a new antiretroviral plan while also addressing monitoring, barriers, and maximizing adherence for the patient. Post-simulation, students were again administered the scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon and paired t-tests, as appropriate. Critical Analysis: A total of 48 second-year pharmacy students participated. HIV knowledge increased significantly post-TBL (p \u3c 0.001). Post-simulation, scores improved, but not significantly (p = 0.291). Knowledge on 15 of the 21 items on the HIV Treatment Knowledge Scale significantly improved from pre-TBL to post-simulation (p ≤ 0.025). Next Steps: Future investigation should focus on the impact that HIV simulation training has on skills, abilities, confidence, and empathy

    A Comparison of the Effect of Intermittent and Continuous Infusion of Meropenem on the Prevalence of Nausea in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients

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    Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease, leading to changes of membrane secretions causing obstruction of smaller airways. CF patients often develop pulmonary infections and require antibiotic treatment. Meropenem is a broad spectrum beta lactam that acts by lysing microbes through interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Although a safe and effective treatment, data on pediatric patients is limited

    HOXA1 binds RBCK1/HOIL-1 and TRAF2 and modulates the TNF/NF-κB pathway in a transcription-independent manner

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    HOX proteins define a family of key transcription factors regulating animal embryogenesis. HOX genes have also been linked to oncogenesis and HOXA1 has been described to be active in several cancers, including breast cancer. Through a proteome-wide interaction screening, we previously identified the TNFR-associated proteins RBCK1/HOIL-1 and TRAF2 as HOXA1 interactors suggesting that HOXA1 is functionally linked to the TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway. Here, we reveal a strong positive correlation between expression of HOXA1 and of members of the TNF/NF-κB pathway in breast tumor datasets. Functionally, we demonstrate that HOXA1 can activate NF-κB and operates upstream of the NF-κB inhibitor IκB. Consistently, we next demonstrate that the HOXA1-mediated activation of NF-κB is non-transcriptional and that RBCK1 and TRAF2 influences on NF-κB are epistatic to HOXA1. We also identify an 11 Histidine repeat and the homeodomain of HOXA1 to be required both for RBCK1 and TRAF2 interaction and NF-κB stimulation. Finally, we highlight that activation of NF-κB is crucial for HOXA1 oncogenic activity

    Juanita Draime

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    https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/white_coat_ceremony_gallery_2012/1026/thumbnail.jp

    [Test in Vocational and Professional Guidance]

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    Description and Comparison of Drug Diversion in Pharmacies by Pharmacists, Interns, and Pharmacy Technicians

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    Objective: To describe reported drug diversion within the practice of pharmacy. Methods: There is limited research that examines the nature and extent of drug diversion within the practice of pharmacy. If drug diversion is reported, state boards of pharmacy examine cases involving registered pharmacy personnel. To describe the problem of diversion, a sample of state board records were examined. First, states were classified, using US Census classifications, into regions and divisions to provide a representative sample. States who did not have minutes posted online or who did not register technicians were excluded. If more than one state remained in a division, then a state was randomly chosen for analysis. Meeting minutes were obtained from May 2008 to May 2013. The following items were obtained for each case of drug diversion: 1) category of pharmacy employee (pharmacist, technician, intern), 2) type of substance (control, non-control, both), 3) use of diverted substance (sale, personal use, both, unknown), and 4) action taken by the board. An a priori sample size was calculated (=0.05, effect size=0.3, n=253 cases). Descriptive statistics were performed for all data in SPSS v.21, and Chi-squared tests were used to assess categorical differences. Results: A total of 811 drug diversion cases in 9 states were identified and used. Most cases were involving a pharmacy technician (71.4%), controlled substances only (94.2%), diverted for personal use (46.6%), and resulted in license revocation/surrendering (62.5%). When examining drug diversion use by type of substance, there were significant differences by pharmacy employee type (sale use p=0.003; personal use p=0.032; unknown use p\u3c0.001). Implications/Conclusions: Drug diversion is prevalent, as indicated by the 811 cases examined by state boards, and many cases may be unreported. Technicians represent nearly three-fourths of diversions. It is essential that the practice of pharmacy identifies and assesses strategies to reduce drug diversion

    CU Pharmacy School Hands Out Awards

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    Inaugural Hooding for Doctor of Pharmacy Grads

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    Description and Comparison of Drug Diversion in Pharmacies by Pharmacists, Interns, and Pharmacy Technicians

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    Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe reported drug diversion within the practice of pharmacy. Methods: There is limited research that examines the nature and extent of drug diversion within the practice of pharmacy. If drug diversion is reported, state boards of pharmacy examine cases involving registered pharmacy personnel. To describe the problem of diversion, a sample of state board records were examined. First, states were classified, using U.S. Census classifications, into regions and divisions to provide a representative sample. States that did not have minutes posted online or that did not register technicians were excluded. If more than 1 state remained in a division, then a state was randomly chosen for analysis. Meeting minutes were obtained from May 2008 to May 2013. The following items were obtained for each case of drug diversion: (1) category of pharmacy employee (pharmacist, technician, intern), (2) type of substance (controlled, non-controlled, both); (3) use of diverted substance (sale, personal use, both, unknown); and (4) action taken by the board. An a priori sample size was calculated (alpha = 0.05, effect size = 0.3, n = 253 cases). Descriptive statistics were performed for all data in SPSS v.21, and chi-square tests were used to assess categorical differences. Results: A total of 811 drug diversion cases in 9 states were identified and used. Most cases were involving a pharmacy technician (71.4%), controlled substances only (94.2%), diverted for personal use (46.6%), and resulted in license revocation/surrendering (62.5%). When examining drug diversion use by type of substance, there were significant differences by pharmacy employee type (sale use P = 0.003; personal use P = 0.032; unknown use P\u3c0.001). Conclusion: Drug diversion is prevalent, as indicated by the 811 cases examined by state boards, and many cases may be unreported. Technicians represent nearly three-fourths of diversions. It is essential that the practice of pharmacy identifies and assesses strategies to reduce drug diversion
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