Urinary Incontinence in Elderly Women: Urodynamic Evaluation

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111142/1/j.1532-5415.1987.tb02296.x.pd

Methods Used to Manage Urinary Incontinence by Older Adults in the Community

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111237/1/j.1532-5415.1989.tb05502.x.pd

The economy on a cusp: The proposed VAT amendments and their larger significande

Debates on the revision of the value-added tax (VAT) are about to reach the penultimate stage. Once house and senate have passed their respective versions of the bill, congress - through a bicameral conference committee sometimes referred to as the 'third chamber' - must then agree on the final form of the law. After all the media-posturing, the politicking, and horse-trading have subsided, politicians of both chambers are still left to confront the nation's true interests - and their own consciences. It is vital that they finally pass a law that is right in form and adequate to the economy's needs

Population, poverty, politics and the reproductive health bill

Following an earlier paper titled 'Population and Poverty: The Real Score' (UPSE Discussion Paper 0415, December 2004), the present paper was first issued in August 2008 as a contribution to the public debate on the population issue that never seemed to die in this country. The debate heated up about that time in reaction to a revival of moves to push for legislation on reproductive health and family planning (RH/FP). Those attempts at legislation, however, failed in the 13th Congress, and again in the 14th Congress. Since late last year, the debate has been heating up further on the heels of President Noy Aquino's pronouncements seeming to favor RH/FP, though he prefers the nomenclature 'responsible parenthood'. With some updating of the data, this paper remains as relevant as ever to the ongoing public debate. It is being re-issued as a Discussion Paper for wider circulation

A tale of two concessionaires: A natural experiment of water privatisation in Metro Manila

10.1177/0042098007085108Urban Studies451207-22

Cough transmission pressure to the bladder and urethra among continent and incontinent elderly women

Although cough transmission pressures to the bladder and urethra are now being measured as part of the evaluation of an incontinent woman, there has not been a comprehensive study specifically focused among continent and incontinent non-institutionalized elderly women in order to understand the meaning of such measurements. To determine the characteristics and significance of the cough transmission pressures to the bladder and urethra, measurements were obtained from 69 continent and 100 incontinent elderly female respondents as part of an extensive urodynamic testing. Results showed that during coughing in the standing position, the increase in bladder pressure is significantly stronger among stress incontinent respondents than among continent and non-stress incontinent respondents (p = 0.0022). The increase in urethral pressure in the same group is marginally significant (p = 0.066). The mean transmission pressure ratio (urethral pressure ÷ bladder pressure) is less than 100% in all groups. They were higher among continent respondents (90%) and non-stress incontinent respondents (97%) than stress incontinent respondents (83%); however, the mean values between the 3 groups were not significantly different. The mean cough transmission pressures were significantly higher among chronic coughers than non-chronic coughers. When controlled for chronic coughing, the stress incontinent respondents have a significantly higher bladder pressure than continent and non-stress incontinent respondents. Significance of these findings in relation to the mechanisms of female geriatric incontinence are presented.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42823/1/10715_2004_Article_BF00451858.pd

Relationship between use of diureticsand continence status in the elderly

Although diuretics have been implicated as a cause of urinary incontinence, no evidence has been presented prior to this report to confirm such a relationship. Our epidemiologic survey of 1,956 respondents sixty years of age and older in Washtenaw County, Michigan, revealed 24.6 percent of men and 36.9 percent of women were current users of a diuretic medication. Comparisons between users and non-users of diuretics and continence and incontinence status revealed no significant difference in the prevalence of incontinence in either gender. However, when male respondents who had cystometric examinations were analyzed, it was found that diuretic users who have uninhibited detrusor contractions (UDC) had a significantly higher prevalence of urinary incontinence (85.7%) when compared with non-users with UDC (25 %) (p = 0.009). Among men who did not have UDC, use or non-use of diuretics showed a similar relationship but did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.085). There were too few female respondents with UDC to make meaningful analysis in this group.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/29233/1/0000288.pd

Novel Application of Statistical Methods to Identify New Urinary Incontinence Risk Factors

Longitudinal data for studying urinary incontinence (UI) risk factors are rare. Data from one study, the hallmark Medical, Epidemiological, and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA), have been analyzed in the past; however, repeated measures analyses that are crucial for analyzing longitudinal data have not been applied. We tested a novel application of statistical methods to identify UI risk factors in older women. MESA data were collected at baseline and yearly from a sample of 1955 men and women in the community. Only women responding to the 762 baseline and 559 follow-up questions at one year in each respective survey were examined. To test their utility in mining large data sets, and as a preliminary step to creating a predictive index for developing UI, logistic regression, generalized estimating equations (GEEs), and proportional hazard regression (PHREG) methods were used on the existing MESA data. The GEE and PHREG combination identified 15 significant risk factors associated with developing UI out of which six of them, namely, urinary frequency, urgency, any urine loss, urine loss after emptying, subject's anticipation, and doctor's proactivity, are found most highly significant by both methods. These six factors are potential candidates for constructing a future UI predictive index

Novel Application of Statistical Methods to Identify New Urinary Incontinence Risk Factors

Longitudinal data for studying urinary incontinence (UI) risk factors are rare. Data from one study, the hallmark Medical, Epidemiological, and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA), have been analyzed in the past; however, repeated measures analyses that are crucial for analyzing longitudinal data have not been applied. We tested a novel application of statistical methods to identify UI risk factors in older women. MESA data were collected at baseline and yearly from a sample of 1955 men and women in the community. Only women responding to the 762 baseline and 559 follow-up questions at one year in each respective survey were examined. To test their utility in mining large data sets, and as a preliminary step to creating a predictive index for developing UI, logistic regression, generalized estimating equations (GEEs), and proportional hazard regression (PHREG) methods were used on the existing MESA data. The GEE and PHREG combination identified 15 significant risk factors associated with developing UI out of which six of them, namely, urinary frequency, urgency, any urine loss, urine loss after emptying, subject’s anticipation, and doctor’s proactivity, are found most highly significant by both methods. These six factors are potential candidates for constructing a future UI predictive index

Continence for Women: Evidence-Based Practice

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72009/1/j.1552-6909.1997.tb02719.x.pd