Avaleha Kalpana - A Review

In Ayurveda, Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana branch is more important. It deals with the preparation of medicine by using herbal, metal and animal origin substances. Herbal medicines are frequently used in Indian system of medicine since long time without any known side effect. Avaleha Kalpana is a semi solid preparation of drugs, prepared with addition of jaggery, sugar or sugar candy and boiled with prescribed drug juice or decoction it is called as Avaleha. While preparing Avaleha Madhura Dravya’s like Guda or Sharkara and honey are added to the juice or the decoction. This article will review the concept of Avaleha Kalpana in the classics

A REVIEW OF IMAGE SECURITY WITH STEGANOGRAPHY USING DCT COEFFICIENT AND ENCRYPTION

In the mid 1998s the rise of the internet & multimedia techniques has prompted increasing interest in hiding data in digital media. Early research concentrated on watermarking to protect copyrighted multimedia products. In today’s growing world Image data security is the essential portion in communication and multimedia world. The least significant-bit (LSB) based technique is one of the popular for steganography. Medium integrity is an important issue in steganography, whenever one media is hidden into other the originality of cover media should not affect. Image Security with Steganography using DCT Coefficient and Encryption providing security of data & helps to avoid third party access of data is the challenging world. &nbsp

Management and disposal of muncipal solid waste

89-93Due to fast urbanization and industrialization, India is facing many problems such as environmental degradation, growing water demand, depletion of water resources due to overexploitation, decrease in per capita water availability in terms of quality and quantity. Most of the untreated waste water reaches the rivers everyday and pollutes them. Apart from these issues solid waste management is also an alarming problem. Solid waste is the unwanted solid materials generated mostly from residential, industrial and commercial activities. Municipal solid waste is generally a domestic waste such as kitchen, food, paper, plastic waste etc. It contains mostly biodegradable (kitchen waste etc.) and recyclable (newspaper and plastic waste etc.) waste. Solid waste also includes hazardous waste generated by chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Everyday huge solid waste is generated from domestic and other activities which require proper collection and disposal. At present, disposal is done mainly by land filling at dumping sites. Modern disposal facilities are less harmful to the environment and human health. But due to a lack of suitable treatment facilities, limited financial resources and non availability of disposal sites proper management of solid waste is a challenge to the environmentalist and scientists. Due to dumping the Solid waste on open places aquatic system is also disturbed. Proper management of solid waste eliminates or reduces the harmful impacts on the environment and human health up to a certain limit. This paper deals with only municipal solid waste for the sustainable development and management

Comparison between Buprenorphine and Clonidine as an adjuvant to intrathecal Bupivacaine for abdominal hysterectomy

Background:This study was planned to compare the block characteristics, intraoperative haemodynamic changes, duration of postoperative analgesia and perioperative complications between buprenorphine and clonidine when used as an adjuvants to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine. Methodology:This was randomized comparative study on 108 females who underwent hysterectomy. Hemodynamic parameters, onset and duration of sensory and motor block were noted and also intra as well as post operative complications were noted and the findings were compared between 3 groups. Results: The time of onset of Sensory Block, motor block , duration of sensory and motor block were significantly higher in buprenorphine group as compared to clonidine and bupivacaine alone group. In present study, incidence of bradycardia as well as hypotension was significantly higher in group C as compared to group B and group A (p<0.05). However, intraoperative pain was significantly higher in group A as compared to other 2 groups (p<0.05). Conclusion:Buprenorphine is preferable than clonidine as an adjuvant with hyperbaric bupivacaine in patients posted for abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia for better intraoperative haemodynamic stability and prolonged period of postoperative analgesia

Design, Development and Validation of a Portable Gas Sensor Module: A Facile Approach for Monitoring Greenhouse Gases

We report the unique design and prototype of a portable gas sensor module for monitoring greenhouse gases. The commercially available gas sensors (MQ-02, MQ-135, and TGS2602) were adopted in designing the module using Arduino Uno. Different locations in the city of Solapur, India (17.6599° N, 75.9064° E), were scanned for the usability of the developed prototype of the mobile gas sensor module. The choice of gas sensors in combination with Arduino Uno led to an excellent prototype for measuring the concentration of greenhouse gases, and therefore the wrong alarm for toxic gases. The prototype model and corresponding greenhouse gas concentrations (ppm) are described using an interplay of sensor design, software program, and greenhouse gases sites

Pick-up and assembling of chemically sensitive van der Waals heterostructures using dry cryogenic exfoliation

Abstract Assembling atomic layers of van der Waals materials (vdW) combines the physics of two materials, offering opportunities for novel functional devices. Realization of this has been possible because of advancements in nanofabrication processes which often involve chemical processing of the materials under study; this can be detrimental to device performance. To address this issue, we have developed a modified micro-manipulator setup for cryogenic exfoliation, pick up, and transfer of vdW materials to assemble heterostructures. We use the glass transition of a polymer PDMS to cleave a flake into two, followed by its pick-up and drop to form pristine twisted junctions. To demonstrate the potential of the technique, we fabricated twisted heterostructure of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (BSCCO), a van der Waals high-temperature cuprate superconductor. We also employed this method to re-exfoliate NbSe2 and make twisted heterostructure. Transport measurements of the fabricated devices indicate the high quality of the artificial twisted interface. In addition, we extend this cryogenic exfoliation method for other vdW materials, offering an effective way of assembling heterostructures and twisted junctions with pristine interfaces