Warm and dense stellar matter under strong magnetic fields

We investigate the effects of strong magnetic fields on the equation of state of warm stellar matter as it may occur in a protoneutron star. Both neutrino free and neutrino trapped matter at a fixed entropy per baryon are analyzed. A relativistic mean field nuclear model, including the possibility of hyperon formation, is considered. A density dependent magnetic field with the magnitude $10^{15}$ G at the surface and not more than $3\times 10^{18}$ G at the center is considered. The magnetic field gives rise to a neutrino suppression, mainly at low densities, in matter with trapped neutrinos. It is shown that an hybrid protoneutron star will not evolve to a low mass blackhole if the magnetic field is strong enough and the magnetic field does not decay. However, the decay of the magnetic field after cooling may give rise to the formation of a low mass blackhole.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Hybrid Signal Processing and Soft Computing approaches to Power System Frequency Estimation

Dynamic variation in power system frequency is required to be estimated for implementing the correcting measures. This paper presents power system frequency estimation by using RLS-Adaline and KF-Adaline algorithms. In the proposed hybrid approaches the weights of the Adaline are updated using RLS/KF algorithms. Frequency of power system signal is estimated from final updated weights of the Adaline. The performances of the proposed algorithms are studied through simulations for several critical cases that often arise in a power system. These studies show that the KF-Adaline algorithm is superior over the RLS-Adaline in estimating power system frequency. Studies made on experimental data also support the superiority

Theoretical prediction and experimental study of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy: Ga_2MnNi

We predict the existence of a new ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ga_2MnNi using density functional theory. The martensitic start temperature (T_M) is found to be approximately proportional to the stabilization energy of the martensitic phase (deltaE_tot) for different shape memory alloys. Experimental studies performed to verify the theoretical results show that Ga_2MnNi is ferromagnetic at room temperature and the T_M and T_C are 780K and 330K, respectively. Both from theory and experiment, the martensitic transition is found to be volume conserving that is indicative of shape memory behavior.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Higher order corrections to Heterotic M-theory inflation

We investigate inflation driven by $N$ dynamical five-branes in Heterotic M-theory using the scalar potential derived from the open membrane instanton sector. At leading order the resulting theory can be mapped to power law inflation, however more generally one may expect higher order corrections to be important. We consider a simple class of such corrections, which imposes tight bounds on the number of branes required for inflation.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

Synergistic Hypergolic Ignition of Amino End Group in Monomers and Polymers

A few monomers, oligomers and polymers with amino end groups have been discovered to undergo synergistic ignition with red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) when mixed with large quantities of magnesium powder. Aluminium powder under similar conditions does not ignite the mixture while powders of Zn, Co and Cu cause the ignition. Amongst the polymers used in the experiment commercially available nylon 6 is the most important which may be used as a binder for rocket propellant fuel grains, hypergolic with RFNA. Degree of polymerisation or the chain length of the polymers does not drastically affect the synergistic ignition of the polymer mixture with magnesium powder but high molecular weight and fully aromatised polymers like Kevlar and Nomex fail to ignite under similar conditions. Based upon the earlier work of the authors, explanations for the phenomena oberved have been provided in terms of creation of hot spots leading to ignition at the amino end groups

Sequential deletions in both arms of chromosome 9 are associated with the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Indian patients

In the deletion mapping of chromosome (chr) 9 in head and neck lesions of the Indian patient population by microsatellite markers, we have identified four discrete areas (D1-D4) with high loss of heterozygosities (LOHs) viz. 9p24-p23 (D1), 9p22-p21 (D2), 9q11-q13 (D3) and 9q22.3 (D4) regions. The deletions in D2 and D4 regions were suggested to be essential for the development of dysplastic lesions of head and neck, whereas the deletions in D1 and D3 regions were responsible for progression of the dysplastic lesions to early invasive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The microsatellite size alterations (MAs) were observed in the chromosomal 9pter-p23, 9p22-p21(D2), 9q13 and 9q21.1-q21.2 regions with gradual increase during progression of the tumor. Additional chromosomal alterations like loss of normal copy of chr.9 and biallelic alterations were also seen in our samples. There is a correlation between HPV infection with TNM stages, histopathological grades and LOHs at D1 and D4 regions. Whereas tobacco habit is associated with the occurrence of LOHs at D1 and LOHs/MAs at D2 region

Inflation with improved D3-brane potential and the fine tunings associated with the model

We investigate brane-antibrane inflation in a warped deformed conifold background that includes contributions to the potential arising from imaginary anti-self-dual (IASD) fluxes including the term with irrational scaling dimension discovered recently. We find that the model can give rise to required number of e-foldings; observational constraint on COBE normalization is easily satisfied and low value of the tensor to scalar ratio of perturbations is achieved. We observe that these corrections to the effective potential help in relaxing the severe fine tunings associated with the earlier analysis.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; typos corrected, minor clarifications and new refs added, to appear in epj

Inflection Point Inflation and Time Dependent Potentials in String Theory

We consider models of inflection point inflation. The main drawback of such models is that they suffer from the overshoot problem. Namely the initial condition should be fine tuned to be near the inflection point for the universe to inflate. We show that stringy realizations of inflection point inflation are common and offer a natural resolution to the overshoot problem.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, refs. adde