Electric vehicle simulation models for power system applications

In fact electric mobility becomes in different fields of research an important matter, realistic models of electric vehicles (EV) become more significant. There are just small amount of EVs existing and produced compared to conventional vehicles. The existing types of EVs are differing significant in concept and technology so that their physical models for mobility simulations and their electrical model for grid simulations have to be created accurately. EV models which reflect the energy consumption while driving and the characteristics for charging and discharging of EVs are required for a mobile storage management. For this reason an EV fleet consisting of different types of EVs was equipped with measurement devices and information and communication technique (ICT) to collect and evaluate data of the potential mobile storages. Based on this research, procedures for an automatism to construct mathematical models of the EVs out of the measured data are developed and presented in this paper

A vision for energy decarbonization: Planning sustainable tertiary sites as net-zero energy systems

The power system is changing towards a decarbonized one. The Kyoto protocol and the Paris climate agreement have prompted many nations to approve energy policies based on volatile renewable energy sources (RESs). However, the integration into the grid of the power generated by RESs as well as the electrification of the heating, gas and transportation sectors is becoming a huge challenge. Planning industrial and tertiary sites as net-zero energy systems (NZESs) might contribute to advance the solutions of fully integrating volatile RESs into the power system. This study aims to point out the importance of planning large energy consumer sites such as NZESs, and to depict a holistic modeling approach for this. The methodology is based on a multi-layer approach, which focuses on on-site power generation by RESs, on the improvement of energy efficiency, and on the increase of system flexibility. A qualitative case study has been conducted. It considers the planning of a Net-Zero Energy Data Center located in Germany. Results point out that new interdisciplinary and in particular social analysis methods are necessary. They might be used for accelerating the decision making process during the planning of RES-based on-site power generation systems. Besides, for computation and cooling systems, new technologies that are continuously emerging in the market should be taken into account. If well designed, they contribute to significantly decrease the whole energy demand of data center. Finally, optimal sizing of energy storage systems (electric and thermal) as well as an expedient choice of performance indicators to evaluate technology options are identified as the key factor for decreasing the external energy demand of tertiary sites, such as data center

Net-zero multi-energy systems for Siberian rural communities: A methodology to size thermal and electric storage units

About 15 million people live in rural communities in the Russian Federation. Most of them are not energetically supplied from the main national infrastructures (electric and gas). People living in such isolated communities use diesel engines for generating electricity and heat. In many cases, diesel is supplied using rail tracks, boats or even helicopters. Consequently, the generation of electricity has very high costs and very low reliability. For this reason, more and more rural isolated communities are using renewable energy sources to decrease their dependency on diesel sources. This study deals with the concept of net-zero multi-energy systems in rural and stand-alone areas. A methodology, based on economical, ecological, technical and social criteria, has been developed for planning the generation capacity and sizing the energy storage units. In addition, controlling algorithms have been developed to deal with the volatility of renewable energy sources (wind and sun) and integrate heat/electricity energy systems. The proposed methodology has been applied to the design of a net-zero energy system for a Siberian rural energy community