Analysis of Current Situation in Municipal Waste Management and Implementation of Decision Support Software in Astana, Kazakhstan

The city of Astana, capital of Kazakhstan with population of 804,474 generates approximately 1.39 kg/inh./day of municipal solid waste while collection rate is higher than 72% (MSW). An MBT plant of planned capacity of 600-800 tn/day and a new landfill cell of about 2 million tones are in place. Preliminary studies showed that the MSW composition is as follows: food and garden waste 29.5%, plastics 18.5%, paper 13%, glass 14.5%, textiles 9.5%, metals 0.9% and others 14.1%. About 23-34 tons of recyclables (paper, metal, glass, PET bottles, HDPE film, HDPE plastic, etc.) is separated in the existing MBT daily. In 2014 it is planned to implement separate waste collection in places of waste accumulation and a waste separation at source system. The purpose of the study is to assess the current situation of municipal solid waste in Astana and implement a Decision Support Software tool developed by the research team in order to analyse data, compare alternative waste management scenarios and propose a holistic approach in solid waste management planning. The latest available data on waste generation, composition and existing infrastructure were used in order to identify the baseline situation. This is the first research of this type conducted in Kazakhsta

Analysis of Current Situation in Municipal Waste Management and Implementation of Decision Support Software in Astana, Kazakhstan

The city of Astana, capital of Kazakhstan with population of 804,474 generates approximately 1.39 kg/inh./day of municipal solid waste while collection rate is higher than 72% (MSW). An MBT plant of planned capacity of 600-800 tn/day and a new landfill cell of about 2 million tones are in place. Preliminary studies showed that the MSW composition is as follows: food and garden waste 29.5%, plastics 18.5%, paper 13%, glass 14.5%, textiles 9.5%, metals 0.9% and others 14.1%. About 23-34 tons of recyclables (paper, metal, glass, PET bottles, HDPE film, HDPE plastic, etc.) is separated in the existing MBT daily. In 2014 it is planned to implement separate waste collection in places of waste accumulation and a waste separation at source system. The purpose of the study is to assess the current situation of municipal solid waste in Astana and implement a Decision Support Software tool developed by the research team in order to analyse data, compare alternative waste management scenarios and propose a holistic approach in solid waste management planning. The latest available data on waste generation, composition and existing infrastructure were used in order to identify the baseline situation. This is the first research of this type conducted in Kazakhsta

Production of humic substances from Zaysan brown coal

In this research project, humic acids were obtained from activated coal samples by hydroxide and pyrophosphate methods. Activation was done using hydrochloric (HCl) and sulfuric (H2SO4) acids. Quantitative analysis shows that the optimal conditions that give the maximum yield of humic acids are activation by sulfuric acid with 1:8 ratio of solid to liquid phases, temperature of 40°C and extraction by pyrophosphate method. Coal samples were prepared according to the state standard 10742-71. The coal samples were activated by HCl and H2SO4 with solid to liquid ratio of 1:5, 1:8, and 1:10. The activation stage was performed at 25°C and 40°C. After the activation stage humic acids were extracted by hydroxide and pyrophosphate methods according to the state standard 9517-94

Production of humic substances from Zaysan brown coal

In this research project, humic acids were obtained from activated coal samples by hydroxide and pyrophosphate methods. Activation was done using hydrochloric (HCl) and sulfuric (H2SO4) acids. Quantitative analysis shows that the optimal conditions that give the maximum yield of humic acids are activation by sulfuric acid with 1:8 ratio of solid to liquid phases, temperature of 40°C and extraction by pyrophosphate method. Coal samples were prepared according to the state standard 10742-71. The coal samples were activated by HCl and H2SO4 with solid to liquid ratio of 1:5, 1:8, and 1:10. The activation stage was performed at 25°C and 40°C. After the activation stage humic acids were extracted by hydroxide and pyrophosphate methods according to the state standard 9517-94

Development of nanohybrid material for antibiotics removal and degradation

This project is about a technique to accelerate the degradation of antibiotics (for example Doxycycline) using a severe confined environment and a physical agent. The confining medium is carbon nanotubes (CNTs) because of their low internal diameter (of the order of 1 to 10 nanometers), high physicochemical stability, high mechanical strength, and presence of strong intermolecular forces at their inner surface that contribute to the degradation effect. This new technique will find a niche in pharmaceutical industries where many processes are not sufficiently clean to eliminate a significant amount of antibiotic residues from waste streams

A case study: municipal waste management in Astana, Kazakhstan (A guideline of waste management for developing countries)

This research is currently ongoing and as a preliminary result, it is noticed the need of: increasing proportion of recycling in the waste management system, constructing incineration plants in the city, improving waste collection with the involvement of private companies, and introducing volume-based charging system

A case study: municipal waste management in Astana, Kazakhstan (A guideline of waste management for developing countries)

This research is currently ongoing and as a preliminary result, it is noticed the need of: increasing proportion of recycling in the waste management system, constructing incineration plants in the city, improving waste collection with the involvement of private companies, and introducing volume-based charging system