Assessment of quality of life in adolescents with obesity associated with polymorphisms of the lactase gene.

The growing obesity incidence in adolescents on the background of insufficiently studied genetic markers of formation of impairments of carbohydrate metabolism associated with the lactase gene polymorphism (SNP LCT), necessitates studying life quality particularly in this age group. Associations of 13910 C>T polymorphism of lactase gene with the quality of life in 60 adolescents aged 14-18 with obesity using the MOS-SF-36 technique (MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey) were studied.It was established the presence of associations of the genotype C/C 13910 of the LCT gene (p<0,05) with decrease of role functioning due to physical condition of young men and decrease of the overall health of girls. Prevention of obesity should startfrom birth of the newborn to gether with the rational organization of alimentary behavior in the family as a whole, depending on the phenotype and formation of a certain psychotype of adolescent’s personality, defined by the lactase gene polymorphism

Problems in increasing innovative sustainability of regional development

The article provides a comparative analysis of innovative and technological development in Russia and other countries. The paper shows that the innovation sector of the Russian Federation lags behind most developed and developing countries: Russia has almost left the market of high technologies, the main expenditures on innovations are incurred in the sectors of low and medium technology industries; the self-sufficiency in the Russian economy in a number of key types of manufacturing equipment is significantly below the threshold marks determined by national security requirements. The authors describe the differentiation of innovative development in the Russian regions. The study of Russian innovation space has revealed that there are fairly intensive processes of science decay on the periphery, which causes serious problems for the spread of innovative impulses across the country. The article elaborates the methodology for comprehensive assessment of innovative security in the region and presents the relevant calculations for the regions of the Ural Federal District (UFD). It identifies the factors of innovative sustainability that are the most critical for these regions. The authors present the forecast and built long-term forecast trajectories for the level of innovative security in UFD by using the modernized Hurst method. They define the main barriers to the innovative development of Russian regions. The article presents the methodological approaches to substantiating the priority areas for building the innovative systems of regions by taking into account the characteristics of their science and manufacturing complexes. The authors propose a methodology to formally assess the priority of establishing in the region the centers of innovative activity aimed at supporting the competitiveness of industries with different levels of technology intensity. The paper presents the results of calculations with regard to priority of establishing the centers of innovative activity aimed at supporting the development of industries with different level of technology intensity using the example of UFD, one of the leading Russian regions in terms of innovation and production capacity.The article has been supported by the Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation, Project 14-02-00331 “Innovative and technology development of the region: assessment, forecasting and ways of progressing”

Numerical model of ultrasonic multi-channel data transfer for servicing subsea production complex

Various researchers focused on different problems, and we can conclude that a single effective communication design with a specific algorithm that could be used in all types of underwater channels was not found. The design of the transmission is highly dependent on the conditions of the canal, as various schemes are used in shallow and deep water, and various algorithms in turbulent and calm waters. The type of channel alignment also depends on parameters such as channel estimation and coding. The ever-growing demand for bandwidth, efficiency, spatial diversity and the performance of underwater acoustic communications has opened the door to using Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology. In this paper, we propose a method of ultrasonic data transmission under water based on the MIMO technology (Many emitters, many receivers, or MIMO - Multilpe Input - Multiple Output). This approach will allow for multi-channel data transmission in water and significantly increase the speed of information transfer

Environmental and economic damage from the development of oil and gas fields in the Arctic shelf of the Russian Federation

The aim of the paper is the development of a technique of assessment of possible ecological and economic damage to air resources during the development of offshore fields for ensuring sustainable development of the Arctic region of Russia. The use of a modified temporary method for determining the prevented environmental damage is proposed to point out the possible environmental and economic damage by Monte Carlo mathematical modelling. After calculations authors made a conclusion about the most rational method for calculating damage from the offshore Arctic oil and gas projects in the water of the Ob-Taz Bay in the Kara Sea. The practical significance of this work is that the proposed methodology can be applied to all oil and gas fields on the Arctic shelf of Russia for measuring potential damages from air pollution as well as soil and water pollution.peer-reviewe

From the experience of learning of musical software

При финансовой поддержке Российского гуманитарного научного фонда, проект № 07-06-14162

Genetic variants of the glucagon-like receptor-1 in obesity

Introduction and aim. Dysfunction of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) axis promotes obesity and metabolic disorders. The aim was to study the associations of the single nucleotide variants (SNV) GLP1R gene with pro-inflammatory cytokines and metabolic disorders in children with various obesity phenotypes. Material and methods. 252 children with obesity aged 6-18 years were examined. The first group (n=152) was represented by children with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). The second group (n=100) consolidated of children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Whole genome sequencing (CeGat, Germany) was performed in 52 children. Results. An association with the development of obesity was noted for T alleles rs61754624 (t=3.33) and rs10305457 (t=2.06); with MUO – for C alleles rs1042044 (t=2.23), rs1126476 (t=2.63), rs2235868 (t=2.82); T alleles rs61754624 (t=3.33), rs10305457 (t=2.06) GLP1R, p<0.05. In the MHO group, a correlation was found with the levels of pro-inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6 in the presence of the GA genotype SNV rs3765468; with hyperglycemia - GA genotype SNV rs6923761, CC genotype SNV rs1042044, AA rs6918287; hyperinsulinemia - GA genotype SNV rs3765468, GG rs10305421; triglyceridemia - AA rs6918287 of GLP1R. Conclusion. SNV rs1042044, rs3765468, rs6923761, s6918287, and rs rs10305421 GLP1R are associated with the development of MUO in individuals with MHO

Significance of the rs754635 variant of the cholecystokinin gene in the development of obesity in children

So far, the possible influence of single nucleotide variants (SNV) of the cholecystokinin (CCK) gene on the likelihood of developing obesity and metabolic disorders in children has not been demonstrated. The aim of the study SNV associations of the CCK gene to predict the probability of obesity and personalize the development trajectory of various metabolic disorders associated with obesity in children. Materials and methods. 252 obese children aged 6–18 years were examined. The main group (n=152) was represented by children with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). The control group (n=100) consolidated of children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Whole genome sequencing (CeGat, Germany) was performed in 31 children of the main and 21 children of the control group. Serum levels of interleukin-1b were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method, interleukin-6 — by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Synevo, Ukraine. Results. The G allele of SNV rs754635 of the CCK gene was significantly more frequent among children with both MHO (t=10.93; p<0.05) and MUO (t=12.96; p<0.05) compared to healthy individuals. The G allele of SNV rs754635 of the CCK gene was associated with basal hyperglycemia (r=0.44) and impaired carbohydrate tolerance (r=0.33) in the MHO phenotype and with the atherogenicity index of the lipid spectrum (r=0.40) and was inversely correlated with the level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (r=-0.58) in children with MUO phenotype, p<0.05. Conclusions. The G allele SNV rs754635 of the CCK gene is associated with obesity and the development of metabolic disorders. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent of parents or their guardians was obtained for conducting research. No conflict of interests was declared by the author. На сьогодні не доведено впливу однонуклеотидних варіантів (single nucleotide variants — SNV) гена холецистокініну (cholecystokinin — CCK) на ймовірність розвитку ожиріння з метаболічними розладами в дітей. Мета — вивчити асоціації SNV гена ССK для прогнозу ймовірності ожиріння та персоналізації траєкторії розвитку різних метаболічних розладів, пов’язаних з ожирінням у дітей. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 252 дитини віком 6–18 років з ожирінням. Основну групу (n=152) становили діти з метаболічно нездоровим ожирінням (metabolically unhealthy obesity — МUО). Контрольну групу (n=100) — діти з метаболічно здоровим ожирінням (metabolically healthy obesity — МHО). Проведено повногеномне секвенування («CeGat», Німеччина) у 31 дитини основної та 21 дитини контрольної групи. Рівень інтерлейкіну-1b у сироватці крові визначено методом імунохемілюмінесцентного аналізу, інтерлейкіну-6 — методом імуноферментного аналізу, «Synevo», Україна. Результати. G-алель SNV rs754635 гена CCK вірогідно частіше зустрічався в дітей як з MHO (t=10,93; p<0,05), так і з MUO (t=12,96; p<0,05) порівняно зі здоровими особами. G-алель SNV rs754635 гена CCK асоціювався з базальною гіперглікемією (r=0,44) і порушенням толерантності до вуглеводів (r=0,33) при фенотипі MHO та з індексом атерогенності ліпідного спектра (r=0,40) і обернено пропорційно корелював із рівнем ліпопротеїнів високої щільності (r=-0,58) у дітей з фенотипом МUO, р<0,05. Висновки. Алель G SNV rs754635 гена CCK асоціюється з ожирінням і розвитком метаболічних порушень. Дослідження проведено відповідно до принципів Гельсінської декларації. Протокол дослідження затверджено місцевим комітетом із питань етики зазначеної в роботі установи. На проведення дослідження отримано інформовану згоду батьків або осіб, які їх замінюють. Автор заявляє про відсутність конфлікту інтересів

Genetically determined vitamin D reception in metabolically unhealthy obesity in children

Background. Genomic effects of vitamin D are determined by conformational changes in the structure of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) determined by single nucleotide variants (SNV) of the VDR gene. The purpose is to study the association of the SNV of the VDR gene with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in children. Materials and methods. Two hundred and fifty-two obese children aged 6–18 years were examined. The main group (n = 152) was represented by patients with MUO. The control group (n = 100) consisted of children with metabolically healthy obesity. Whole genome sequencing (CeGat, Germany) was performed in 31 children of the main group and 21 controls. The level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Synevo, Ukraine) was measured in all patients. To verify the results, Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r) and p-value for each variable were calculated. Results. Five SNVs of the VDR gene were identified: rs2228570 (1 DNA copy number variation (CNV): c.2T>C in 94.23 %); rs731236 (2 CNV: c.11056T>C, c.1206T>C in 65.38 %); rs10783218 (2 CNV: c.296+8C>T, c.146+8C>T in 7.69 %); rs2228572 (2 CNV: c.57C>T, c.207C>T in 1.92 %); rs12721365 (2 CNV: c.1059C>T, c.909C>T in 1.92 % of patients). A correlation between SNV VDR and MUO was observed in the following genotypes: AA rs12721365 (r = 0.21), AA rs2228572 (r = 0.21), GG SNV rs731236 (r = –0.15) and GG rs2228570 (r = –0.31), p < 0.05. Conclusions. The genotypes AG SNV VDR rs12721365, rs2228572 are highly associated with the development of MUO

The role of vitamin D in metabolically unhealthy obesity in children

Background. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Aim: to study the role of vitamin D levels associated with single nucleotide variants (SNV) of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in the development of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in children. Materials and methods. Two hundred and ten obese children aged 6–18 years were examined. The main group (n = 125) was represented by children with MUO. The control group (n = 85) included children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Whole genome sequencing (CeGat, Germany) was performed in 31 randomly selected children of the main and 21 children of the control group. The level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Synevo, Ukraine) was measured in all children. Verification of results: calculation of Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r) and p-value for each variable. Results. The mean serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly lower in children with MUO than in those with MHO: 14.57 ± 1.63 ng/mL versus 28.82 ± 1.93 ng/mL (t = 5.64, p = 0.00061). In patients with MUO, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with the following predictors. Highly significant factors (0.7 ≤ |r| < 1): osteopenia (r = –0.73). Factors of average significance (0.3 ≤ |r| < 0.7): prolactinemia (r = –0.57); waist circumference/height ratio > 0.5 (r = –0.41); AA genotype SNP VDR rs12721365 (r = –0.41) and AA genotype SNP VDR rs2228572 (r = –0.39); metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (r = –0.39); physiological postprandial glycemia (r = 0.38); level of interkeukin-1β (r = –0.36); triglyceridemia (r = –0.34); body mass index (r = –0.33); adiponec�tinemia (r = 0.32); arterial diastolic hypertension (r = –0.32). Low-significant factors (0 < |r| < 0.3): polycystic ovary syndrome (r = –0.28); GG genotype SNP VDR rs2228570 (r = 0.27); waist circumference (r = –0.27); extreme obesity (r = –0.27); male sex (r = 0.26); hip circumference (r = –0.24); levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.24); serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (r = –0.23); free thyroxine (r = 0.22); thyroid-stimulating hormone (r = –0.22); free triiodothyronine (r = 0.2). Conclusions. The development of cardiometabolic risk and vitamin D deficiency in obese children is associated with the presence of AA/AG genotypes SNV VDR rs12721365, rs2228572, rs2228570. Актуальність. Дефіцит вітаміну D пов’язаний із порушенням толерантності до глюкози, інсулінорезис�тентністю, метаболічним синдромом і підвищеним ризи�ком цукрового діабету 2-го типу. Мета: вивчити роль рівня вітаміну D, пов’язаного з однонуклеотидними варіантами (single nucleotide variants — SNV) гена рецептора вітаміну D (vitamin D receptor — VDR), у розвитку метаболічно нездорового ожиріння (МНО) у дітей. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 210 дітей з ожирінням віком 6–18 років. Основну групу (n = 125) становили пациєнти з МНО. Контрольну групу (n = 85) представили діти з метаболічно здоровим ожирінням (МЗО). У рандомізовано обраних 31 дитини основної та 21 дитини контрольної груп проведено повногеномне секвенування (CeGaТ, Germany). В усіх дітей вимірювали рівень сироваткового 25-гідроксивітаміну D (Synevo, Ukraine). Для верифікації результатів розраховували коефіцієнт кореляції Спірмена (r) і p-значення для кожної змінної, а також проводили біоінформаційний аналіз. Результати. Середній рівень 25-гідроксивітаміну D у сироватці крові був вірогідно нижчим у пацієнтів із МНО і становив 14,57 ± 1,63 нг/мл, а в дітей із МЗО — 28,82 ± 1,93 нг/мл (t = 5,64; p = 0,00061). При МНО рівень 25-гідроксивітаміну D у сироватці пов’язаний з наступними предикторами (p < 0,05). Високозначущі фактори (0,7 ≤ |r| < 1): остеопенія (r = –0,73). Фактори середньої значущості (0,3 ≤ |r| < 0,7): пролактинемія (r = –0,57); індекс співвідношення окружності талії до зросту > 0,5 (r = –0,41); AA генотип SNP VDR rs12721365 (r = –0,41) та AA генотип SNP VDR rs2228572 (r = –0,39); метаболічно-асоційована жирова хвороба печінки (r = –0,39); фізіологічна постпрандіальна глікемія (r = 0,38); рівень інтерлейкіну-1β (r = –0,36); тригліцеридемія (r = –0,34); індекс маси тіла (r = –0,33); адипонектинемія (r = 0,32); артеріальна діастолічна гіпертензія (r = –0,32). Низькозначущі фактори (0 < |r| < 0,3): синдром полікістозних яєчників (r = –0,28); GG генотип SNP VDR rs2228570 (r = 0,27); окружність талії (r = –0,27); екстремальне ожиріння (r = –0,27); чоловіча стать (r = 0,26); окружність стегон (r = –0,24); рівні ліпопротеїнів високої щільності (r = 0,24); гамма-глутамілтранспептидази сироватки (r = –0,23); вільного тироксину (r = 0,22); тиреотроп�ного гормону (r = –0,22); вільного трийодтироніну (r = 0,2). Висновки. Розвиток кардіометаболічного ризику та дефіциту вітаміну D у дітей із ожирінням пов’язують із наявністю генотипів AA/AG SNV VDR rs12721365, rs2228572, rs22285

Blended learning as a tool for modernizing modern education

This literature review presents the features of the implementation of a mixed form of education for higher medical education in the realities of today. The data on the main types of full-time and part-time interactive educational activities, their essence, advantages and disadvantages are given