Approximate MAP Decoding on Tail-Biting Trellises

We propose two approximate algorithms for MAP decoding on tail-biting trellises. The algorithms work on a subset of nodes of the tail-biting trellis, judiciously selected. We report the results of simulations on an AWGN channel using the approximate algorithms on tail-biting trellises for the $(24,12)$ Extended Golay Code and a rate 1/2 convolutional code with memory 6.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, ISIT 200

The Cosmic Mach Number: Comparison from Observations, Numerical Simulations and Nonlinear Predictions

We calculate the cosmic Mach number M - the ratio of the bulk flow of the velocity field on scale R to the velocity dispersion within regions of scale R. M is effectively a measure of the ratio of large-scale to small-scale power and can be a useful tool to constrain the cosmological parameter space. Using a compilation of existing peculiar velocity surveys, we calculate M and compare it to that estimated from mock catalogues extracted from the LasDamas (a LCDM cosmology) numerical simulations. We find agreement with expectations for the LasDamas cosmology at ~ 1.5 sigma CL. We also show that our Mach estimates for the mocks are not biased by selection function effects. To achieve this, we extract dense and nearly-isotropic distributions using Gaussian selection functions with the same width as the characteristic depth of the real surveys, and show that the Mach numbers estimated from the mocks are very similar to the values based on Gaussian profiles of the corresponding widths. We discuss the importance of the survey window functions in estimating their effective depths. We investigate the nonlinear matter power spectrum interpolator PkANN as an alternative to numerical simulations, in the study of Mach number.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, 3 table

Transient analysis and synthesis of linear circuits using constraint logic programming

In this paper describes the design of a transient analysis program for linear circuits and its implementation in a Constraint Logic Programming language, CLP(R). The transient analysis program parses the input circuit description into a network graph, analyses its semantic correctness and then performs the transient analysis. The test results show that the program is at least 97% accurate when run at two decimal places. We have also compared the performance of our program with a commercial package implemented in an imperative language. The advantages of implementing the analysis program in a CLP language include: quick construction and ease of maintenance. We also report on the synthesis of generation of a circuit with given transient characteristics

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of Soft Tissues and Gingiva

Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm of soft tissue without bone marrow involvement or other systemic characteristics of multiple myeloma. It accounts for 3% of all plasma cell tumors. Multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma is defined when there is more than one extramedullary tumor of clonal plasma cells and such presentation has not been described earlier. We report such rare case of multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma involving multiple soft tissues in chest, abdomen, mandible, maxilla, and gingiva

Undifferentiated Carcinoma of Larynx of Nasopharyngeal Type

Undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type arising in the larynx is unusual. This type of carcinoma-which occurs almost exclusively in nasopharynx-is very infrequent in the larynx (0.2%). Till date only 17 cases are reported in the medical literature. We present the clinical and histopathological findings along with the management of one additional case of undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type in the larynx which was managed successfully with radiotherapy

Exact Haldane mapping for all SS and super universality in spin chains

The low energy dynamics of the anti-ferromagnetic Heisenberg spin $S$ chain in the semiclassical limit $S\to\infty$ is known to map onto the O(3) nonlinear $\sigma$ model with a $\theta$ term in 1+1 dimension. Guided by the underlying dual symmetry of the spin chain, as well as the recently established topological significance of "dangling edge spins," we report an {\em exact} mapping onto the O(3) model that avoids the conventional large $S$ approximation altogether. Our new methodology demonstrates all the super universal features of the $\theta$ angle concept that previously arose in the theory of the quantum Hall effect. It explains why Haldane's original ideas remarkably yield the correct answer in spite of the fundamental complications that generally exist in the idea of semiclassical expansions