Effects of Food Safety Standards on Seafood Exports to US, EU and Japan

Estimating the panel gravity model with bilateral pair and country-by-time fixed-effects separately for each seafood product, we found that food safety regulations have differential effects across seafood products. In all three industrialized markets, shrimp is most sensitive, while fish is the least sensitive to changing food safety policies. The enforcement of the US HACCP, the EU Minimum Required Performance Level and the Japanese Food Safety Basic Law caused a loss of 90.45%, 99.47%, and 99.97% to shrimp trade in these markets, and a reduction associated with fish trade was 66.71%, 82.83%, and 89.32%.food safety, seafood, international trade, gravity model, HACCP, Agricultural and Food Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade, C33, F13, Q17, Q18,

THE IMPACT OF TECHNICAL BARRIERS ON US-EU AGRO-FOOD TRADE

Controversial aspects exist in the current debate on the application of Non Tariff Measures (NTMs) on agro-food trade. This study intends to offer an evaluation of the trade impact of both non-technical and technical NTMs on the US-EU bilateral trade, the two major players in WTO negotiations. The results show two main structural differences between the EU and US borders: technical NTMs are preferred in the US, while in the EU the opposite is true; agro-food imports in the US face a number of NTMs more than double that of the EU. Gravity model estimates confirm the negative impact of NTMs on trade. However, safety technical requirements seem to have a positive effect on trade, probably as a consequence of lower transaction, monitoring and enforcing costs.International Relations/Trade,

Trust in the US-EU fruit and vegetable chain: Do US exporters understand EU importers?

Research on organizational and inter organizational trust has become an important field in management and marketing literature, as it is perceived as a pivotal aspect of business transactions. However, clarifications are still needed on the issue of whom we trust; is the person whom we are trading with trusted, or the organization, or just the product‐quality? Not only has this question not been answered within this field of research, neither have cultural differences have been described to any great extent. Additionally, if the perceived factors important to establish trusting relationships may or may not be the same on the buyers and the sellers side in international business transaction in food chains. The primary objective of this research study therefore is to identify how well US exporters understand the elements of trust that establish strong relationships with EU importers. The Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to evaluate the importance of different trust elements in interviews conducted with US exporters and EU importers of fruits and vegetables. Results are compared, providing both a picture of the important facets of trust, as well as whether the partners understand the perspectives of the other partner

Comparison of US-EU food alert management : analysis of two alerts

PòsterJun

Trade Barriers As Bargaining Outcomes

Whether bilateral trade barrier data conform with the Grossman-Helpman (1995) model’s predictions about “trade talks” is examined in this article. A simple form of the prediction from the model is tested. Bilateral US-Japan and US-EU data from the 1990s are employed. The results are the first in the literature.Trade talks equilibrium; Nontariff barriers;

Will Biofuel Mandates Raise Food Prices?

Biofuels have received a lot of attention as a substitute for gasoline in transportation. They have also been blamed for recent increases in food prices. Both the United States and the European Union have adopted mandatory blending policies that require a sharp increase in the use of biofuels. In this paper, we examine the effect of these mandates on food prices and carbon emissions. The model we use considers future world population growth and income-driven changes in dietary preferences towards higher meat and dairy consumption as well as heterogenous land quality. We find that food prices increase anyway because of increased demand for food, especially due to the higher consumption of meat products, and scarcity of fertile arable lands. The contribution of the biofuel mandates to food prices is quite small, about 5% at most. However, biofuel mandates actually increase global emissions due to land conversion and terms of trade effects, undermining the main reason for imposing the mandates.agriculture; energy policy; global warming; land quality; renewable fuel standards

No cause for concern? Climate Change impacts on European Oilseed and Cereal markets in 2050

Crop Production/Industries, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Climate Change and Agriculture in 2050: Assessing Prospects for European Cereal and Oilseed Markets

Replaced with revised version of paper 07/20/10.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Dimensions of global food systems: addressing food security on a world stage

In 2007/8 I conducted interviews with government officials and representatives of international donor agencies in Malawi and Lesotho, two countries in which ‘food insecurity’ has dominated policy discourse. The approaches of the two governments and the stance of the donors differed strikingly. Briefly, Lesotho’s Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security was promoting the idea of ‘block farming’ in which more innovative, commercially-oriented farmers would rent land directly from their neighbours or engage in business partnerships to create larger holdings, and attract outside investment. This plan reflected the government’s belief in the efficiency of large scale production and populist attachment to the symbolism of increasing domestic production to reduce reliance on imported food. The donor community, notably DFID, opposed the approach, prioritising the ‘food security’ side of the ‘agriculture and food security’ policy. They insisted that investment in grain production in Lesotho could not be economically viable, particularly given the country’s membership of a customs union with neighbouring South Africa where food was produced vastly more efficiently. Instead, drawing on Sen’s (1981) entitlements approach, they argued that the problem of food insecurity in Lesotho related to the inability of the poor to purchase food, and pushed for a broader focus on enhancing livelihoods