Reframing Kurtz’s Painting: Colonial Legacies and Minority Rights in Ethnically Divided Societies

Minority rights constitute some of the most normatively and economically important human rights. Although the political science and legal literatures have proffered a number of constitutional and institutional design solutions to address the protection of minority rights, these solutions are characterized by a noticeable neglect of, and lack of sensitivity to, historical processes. This Article addresses that gap in the literature by developing a causal argument that explains diverging practices of minority rights protections as functions of colonial governments’ variegated institutional practices with respect to particular ethnic groups. Specifically, this Article argues that in instances where colonial governments politicize and institutionalize ethnic hegemony in the pre-independence period, an institutional legacy is created that leads to lower levels of minority rights protections. Conversely, a uniform treatment and depoliticization of ethnicity prior to independence ultimately minimizes ethnic cleavages post-independence and consequently causes higher levels of minority rights protections. Through a highly structured comparative historical analysis of Botswana and Ghana, this Article builds on a new and exciting research agenda that focuses on the role of long-term historio-structural and institutional influences on human rights performance and makes important empirical contributions by eschewing traditional methodologies that focus on single case studies that are largely descriptive in their analyses. Ultimately, this Article highlights both the strength of a historical approach to understanding current variations in minority rights protections and the varied institutional responses within a specific colonial government

Maternal Stimulation Upon Mother‐Infant Face‐to‐Face Interaction

Mother‐infant relation is very unique. Research on mother‐infant interaction has dated back in the 1970s. Stern (1971) stated that there are some characteristics of mothers when they interact with their ʺinfants. The early interaction between them later in the child’s life predicts how well is the child’s interaction with other peopl

Pengukuran Kebutuhan Untuk Perancangan Intervensi Sosial Dan Penurunan Resiko Tindak Kekerasan Dalam Keluarga Di Daerah Istimewa YOGYAKARTA

Marital abuse on woman is not new concept, but it seems like iceberg which is only its top that is shown and most of it\u27s body are not. This research covers marital abuse on woman that includes physical and also psychological. The purpose of this research is focused on exploration about the proper way to solve marital abuse and coping behavior that women choose. The findings show that there are 13 kinds of abusive behavior including physical abuse and psychological abuse. 19% of marital abuse cases happen in last year. This research also shows that wife\u27s response against the abuse are silence, crying or asking their husband about the reason. On the other hand, help-seeking behavior is also shown by the wifes. Keywords: Marital abuse, coping behavio

ADHD among Indonesian Primary School Students: Measurement and Prevalence

In Indonesia, adequate screening instruments for the early detection of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in primary school students is not available prior to the study. We aimed to assess the Indonesian version of the Conners 3 Teacher Rating Scale (Conners 3-T) in an Indonesian setting and assess the prevalence of ADHD in primary school children. The study participants comprised 314 primary school students aged 6-12 years old. Conners 3-T was translated from English to Bahasa Indonesia and back-translated into English. Those students suspected of ADHD were further diagnosed by a senior child psychologist for diagnosis.

Kesepian Sebagai Mediator Antara Dukungan Sosial dengan Kecenderungan Adiksi Video Game pada Anak

Bermain adalah kebutuhan bagi anak, meskipun saat ini memainkan video game lebih banyak diminati dibanding permainan tradisional. Kemudahan untuk mengakses permainan video game yang berlebihan dapat mengakibatkan munculnya masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara rendahnya dukungan sosial offline dan kecenderungan adiksi video game dimediasi oleh kesepian pada anak usia akhir. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei yang melibatkan 308 anak dengan rentang usia 9-12 tahun. Analisis menggunakan regresi berganda dan SEM berdasarkan komponen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin rendah dukungan sosial offline berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya kesepian secara langsung. Anak dengan dukungan sosial offline yang rendah berdampak pada meningkatnya kecenderungan adiksi video game secara langsung, namun begitu anak yang merasa kesepian tidak berpengaruh pada kecenderungan adiksi video game yang tinggi. Hipotesis pada penelitian ini ditolak, yaitu kesepian tidak berperan sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara rendahnya dukungan sosial offline dan kecenderungan adiksi video game dengan koefisien tak langsung sebesar -0.066 (sig > 0.05), namun kesepian dan rendahnya dukungan sosial offline berperan sebagai variabel prediktor terhadap kecenderungan adiksi video game dengan sumbangan efektif sebesar 10.3%. Artinya bahwa semakin anak merasa kesepian dan mendapat dukungan sosial offline yang rendah, semakin tinggi kecenderungannya menjadi adiksi video game

ORIGAMI untuk Meningkatkan Efikasi Diri: Mengajarkan Pencegahan KSA pada Orang Tua dengan Anak Tunarungu

Efikasi diri merupakan salah satu komponen sikap yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap orang tua, khususnya dalam mengajarkan pencegahan kekerasan seksual pada anak. Pada penelitian ini anak secara lebih spesifik merupakan anak yang mengalami hambatan dalam pendengaran (tunarungu). Orang tua seringkali kebingungan ketika harus mengajarkan tentang KSA pada anak sehingga mereka membutuhkan sebuah pelatihan yang dapat melatih mereka untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan serta keterampilan dalam mengajarkan pencegahan KSA pada anak. Pelatihan ORIGAMI merupakan salah satu media yang dapat meningkatkan efikasi diri orang tua dalam mengajarkan pencegahan KSA pada anak tunarungu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 28 orang tua yang memiliki anak tunarungu berusia 10-12 tahun, di mana 14 orang tua tergabung di dalam kelompok eksperimen dan 14 lainnya dalam kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis statistik menggunakan anova mixed design menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efikasi diri pada kelompok eksperimen berbeda secara signifikan dengan kelompok kontrol (F = 13,617 dan p = 0,000). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan ORIGAMI dapat secara efektif meningkatkan efikasi diri orang tua dalam mengajarkan pencegahan kekerasan seksual pada anak tunarung

ADHD among Indonesian Primary School Students: Measurement and Prevalence

In Indonesia, adequate screening instruments for the early detection of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in primary school students is not available prior to the study. We aimed to assess the Indonesian version of the Conners 3 Teacher Rating Scale (Conners 3-T) in an Indonesian setting and assess the prevalence of ADHD in primary school children. The study participants comprised 314 primary school students aged 6-12 years old. Conners 3-T was translated from English to Bahasa Indonesia and back-translated into English. Those students suspected of ADHD were further diagnosed by a senior child psychologist for diagnosis.

The perception of attachment effect in parents and peers on aggressive behavior in male adolescents

Interaction among children with their parents and peers has an important role in developing aggression in adolescents. Negative interaction can form children’s negative perception of attachment to their parents and peers. In turn, it facilitates adolescent’s negative schemes from childhood to adolescence. Negative scheme children are generally easy to get anxious, difficult to trust another person in interaction, and aggressive. This study aimed to examine the perceptions of attachment effect to their father, mother, and peer on male adolescents' aggressive behaviors. The subjects of this study were 31 adolescents aged 12-15 years old, who lived in PSMP Antasena in Magelang. They were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using aggressive behavior scale and modification of parents and peer attachment inventory. The method used for analyzing data was multiple regression. The results of the analysis showed that R=0.688, p0.01, indicating that the perceptions of father, mother and peer attachment significantly can predict aggression in male adolescents

The perception of attachment effect in parents and peers on aggressive behavior in male adolescents

Interaction among children with their parents and peers has an important role in developing aggression in adolescents. Negative interaction can form children’s negative perception of attachment to their parents and peers. In turn, it facilitates adolescent’s negative schemes from childhood to adolescence. Negative scheme children are generally easy to get anxious, difficult to trust another person in interaction, and aggressive. This study aimed to examine the perceptions of attachment effect to their father, mother, and peer on male adolescents' aggressive behaviors. The subjects of this study were 31 adolescents aged 12-15 years old, who lived in PSMP Antasena in Magelang. They were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using aggressive behavior scale and modification of parents and peer attachment inventory. The method used for analyzing data was multiple regression. The results of the analysis showed that R=0.688, p0.01, indicating that the perceptions of father, mother and peer attachment significantly can predict aggression in male adolescents

Development of Face Recognition Software to Differentiate Autism Spectrum Disorder from Typical Adolescents

The purpose of this research was two folds: (1) to establish the face recognition software; and (2) to differentiate the ability in face recognition between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from typical adolescents. The subjects were adolescents between 10-16 years old. The experimental group consisted of 31 adolescents with ASD, the control group consisted of 32 typical adolescents. Research was done using experimental method, with face recognition software. Data collected were the number of correct faces recognized and the time needed to recognize and touch the face. The hypothesis was adolescents with ASD have worse face recognition ability compared to typical adolescents. Result showed that there were differences between ASD group compared to normal group both in the number of correct face recognitions and the time needed to choose a face with a finger touch. A one-way MANOVA revealed a significant multivariate main effect for type of groups toward the number of correct answers and time needed to answer, Wilks’ λ = 0.739, F (2,60) = 10.610, p < 0.001. The univariate main effect were also examined, whereupon significant univariate main effect for type of groups were obtained for both the amount of correct answer, F (1,61) = 15.468 p < 0.001, and the amount of time needed to answer, F (1,61) = 21.360 p < 0.001