28 research outputs found

    A Study on stress, perceived social supports, and behavior problems of children

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์†Œ๋น„์ž์•„๋™ํ•™๊ณผ,1996.Docto

    Development and Evaluation of a Forensic Nursing Competency-Based Simulation Program for Emergency Nurses

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ, 2022.2. ์ด๋‚จ์ฃผ.ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์— ๋‚ด์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘ ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ์ž…์ฆ ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ฒ•์  ํšจ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ณด์žฅ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์— ๋‚ด์›ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„์ธ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž ์ธ์‹, ์ฆ๊ฑฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ •๊ณผ ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ADDIE ๊ต์ˆ˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Section 1์€ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , Section 2๋Š” ์ด๋ก  ๊ฐ•์˜์™€ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ž์˜ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์Šต๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , Section 3์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ธ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํšจ๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ์‚ฌ์ „-์‚ฌํ›„ ์œ ์‚ฌ์‹คํ—˜์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ 23๋ช…, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 24๋ช…์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ๋™์งˆ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ค‘์žฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘์žฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰(t=-11.40, p<.001)๊ณผ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—ญํ•  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰(Z=-2.521, p=.012)์ด ๊ต์œก ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ด๋ก  ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” 5์  ๋งŒ์ ์— 4.79ยฑ0.27์ , ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ต์œก์€ 4.78ยฑ0.29์ , ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š” 4.42ยฑ0.45์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” 4.82ยฑ 0.28์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๋ฒ•์  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์˜นํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—ญํ•  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.Owing to an increase in accidents and violence, the number of patients with traumatic injuries visiting emergency departments is rising. If the evidence required to attest to the injuries of victims of accidents and violent crimes is properly managed by emergency department medical staff, it is more likely that judicial institutions will accept the evidence as legally effective. In this study, we developed a simulation training program so that nurses, who are usually the first medical professionals that patients encounter in an emergency department, can perform forensic nursing interventions, such as recognition of forensic patients and collection of evidence. Following this, we evaluated the effectiveness of this program. The program was developed in three parts by applying the ADDIE design model based on forensic nursing competency. Section 1 was designed to conduct traffic accident simulation without prior knowledge of forensic nursing; Section 2 comprised theoretical lectures and traffic accident simulation through real-time feedback from instructors for acquiring forensic nursing competency; Section 3 evaluated the efficacy of the simulation program by applying it in the domain of child abuse, where forensic nursing is required. To verify its effectiveness, a control group pretest-posttest design was used. A total of 47 emergency department nurses, each with more than six months of work experience, participated in this research. The experimental and control groups comprised 23 and 24 nurses, respectively. The homogeneity of the experimental group and the control group was confirmed through a preliminary survey on forensic nursing competency, and the training program was implemented for the experimental group. The results showed a statistically significant increase in forensic nursing competency (t=-11.40, p=.000) and performance (Z=-2.521, p=.012) of the experimental group compared to pre-training. Additionally, the results of evaluating the developed training program revealed that the lecture on theory scored 4.79ยฑ0.27, simulation education had a score of 4.78ยฑ0.29, simulation design scored 4.42ยฑ0.45, and satisfaction with the training program had a score of 4.82ยฑ0.28, with 5 being the maximum possible score. The results demonstrated that the forensic nursing competency -based simulation training program developed in this study improved forensic nursing competency and the performance of emergency department nurses. This program can also contribute to defending the legal rights of emergency department patients.๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก โ…ฐ โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  5 3. ์šฉ์–ด ์ •์˜ 6 โ…ก. ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 9 1. ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ 9 2. ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์ด๋ก  12 3. ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์—ญํ•  14 4. ๋ฒ•์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ 17 โ…ข. ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ธฐํ‹€ 19 โ…ฃ. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 24 1. ๋ถ„์„ 25 2. ์„ค๊ณ„ 47 3. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 51 4. ์‹คํ–‰ 63 5. ํ‰๊ฐ€ 65 โ…ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 67 1. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 67 2. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 82 โ…ฅ. ๋…ผ์˜ 101 1. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 101 2. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 106 3. ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™์  ์˜์˜ 111 4. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ œํ•œ์  113 โ…ฆ. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  114 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 117 ๋ถ€๋ก 135 Abstract 156๋ฐ•

    Measurement of color adjustment potential of non-layered composite resins and flowable resins

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2012. 2. ๊น€ํ˜„๋งŒ.1. ๋ชฉ ์  ํ˜„์žฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋œ ์น˜์•„์ƒ‰ ์ˆ˜๋ณต(tooth-colored restoration)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„๊ณผ ์กฐ์ž‘์„ฑ์ด ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ ์น˜์•„์ƒ‰์™€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ ˆ์ง„์ƒ‰์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ž€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์น˜์•„์˜ ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒ‰์ƒ์˜ ๋ ˆ์ง„์ด๋ผ๋„ ์ˆ˜๋ณต ํ›„ ๋ ˆ์ง„๊ณผ ์น˜์•„์˜ ์ƒ‰์ƒ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธ์ง€๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒ‰์ƒ ์ฐจ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ค‘์ธต๋œ ๋ ˆ์ง„ ์ปดํฌ์ง“์˜ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ํˆฌ๋ช…๋„์™€ ํฐ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜๋ณต๋ฌผ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„์ˆ˜๋ก, ์ˆ˜๋ณต๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ์น˜์•„์™€ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒ‰์ƒ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํˆฌ๋ช…๋„๊ฐ€ ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 3, 4๊ธ‰ ์™€๋™์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ณต๊ณผ ์ •์ค‘์ด๊ฐœ(diastema)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ˆ˜๋ณต๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž”์กด์น˜์งˆ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ค‘์ธต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„์˜ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์กฐ์ ˆ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ง ๋งŽ์ด ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ค‘์ธต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ณต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํˆฌ๋ช…๋„๊ฐ€ ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์–ด๋‘ก๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„์˜ ์˜† ์น˜์•„์˜ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ด ์šฐ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž„์ƒ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•˜์—ฌ CIEL*a*b*ํ‘œ์ƒ‰๊ณ„ ์ค‘ CIEa*๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •์š”์†Œ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„๊ณผ ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„์˜ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2. ๋ฐฉ ๋ฒ• 5๊ฐœ ์ œ์กฐ์‚ฌ์˜ 3๊ฐ€์ง€(A2, A3, A3.5) ์ƒ‰์กฐ์˜ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„๊ณผ ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ•œ์ชฝ ๋ฉด์—๋Š” ์ ์ƒ‰ ํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ ๋ฉด์—๋Š” ํฐ์ƒ‰ ํƒ€์ผ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ€์ฐฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•œ ์•„ํฌ๋ฆด ํ‹€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ํƒ€์ผ๋“ค์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ€์ฐฉ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์„ธ๋กœ ๋‘๊ป˜ 10mm X 5mm X 2mm์˜ ๋ ˆ์ง„ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ธ”๋ก์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค€๋น„๋œ ์‹œํŽธ์€ Spectroradiometer ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ ์ƒ‰ ํƒ€์ผ์ชฝ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 0.25mm ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰ ํƒ€์ผ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ๋‹น 40๋ฒˆ ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ ๋‹น 3๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹œํŽธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. spectroradiometer ๊ฐ€ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ XYZ ์ขŒํ‘œ๊ฐ’์€ CIEL*a*b*ํ‘œ์ƒ‰๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธก์ • parameter(์š”์†Œ)๋กœ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ CIEa* ๊ฐ’์€ ์ ์ƒ‰ํƒ€์ผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ€์–ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ง€์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ(f(x)=a ร— expโก(-bร—x)+c)๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ€์–ด์ ธ๋„ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ’์ธ CIEa*๊ฐ’์€ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ ˆ์ง„ ์ปดํฌ์ง“์˜ CIEa*๊ฐ’์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•˜๋Š” CIEa*๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค +1๋งŒํผ ํด ๋•Œ์˜ ์ ์ƒ‰ ํƒ€์ผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ ˆ์ง„ ์ปดํฌ์ง“์˜ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์œ ํšจํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๋ณด์•„ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌํ•ด์ง„ ์ธก์ • ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ two-way ANOVA๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌํ›„ ๊ฒ€์ •์œผ๋กœ Tukey HSD, Duncan๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. ๊ฒฐ ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„์ด ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋” ํฐ BE๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค(ํ‰๊ท  BE(mm)๋Š” ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„ 2.530mm, ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„ 1.914mm). ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„์—์„œ๋Š” Estelite Sigma Quick๊ฐ€ 3.321mm๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋กœ Gradia > Charisma > Premisa > Metafil CX ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„์—์„œ๋Š” Charisma Flow๊ฐ€ 2.692mm๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๊ณ , Estelite Quick Flow > Premisa Flow > Metafil Flo > Unifil Flow ์ˆœ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฃน๊ฐ„ BE(mm) ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ two-way ANOVA๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‚ฌํ›„ ๊ฒ€์ •์œผ๋กœ Tukey HSD์™€ Duncan์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ANOVA ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ปดํฌ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„๊ณผ ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ(p0.05) ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ณ„๋กœ (Premisa/Premisa Flow), (Charisma/Charisma Flow, Estelite/Estelite Flow), (Metafil/Metafil CX, Gradia/Unifil Flow)๋กœ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ----------------------------------------์ฃผ์š”์–ด : ์ปดํผ์ง“ ๋ ˆ์ง„, ํ”Œ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ ˆ์ง„, ์ƒ‰์ƒ ์กฐ์ ˆ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ๋ธ”๋ Œ๋”ฉ ํšจ๊ณผ ํ•™ ๋ฒˆ : 2008-221331. Objectives Composite resins (CRs) and flowable resins (FRs) have been widely used in dentistry, with increasing requirements of tooth-colored restorations. It is hard to recognize color differences between CRs/FRs and teeth after the esthetic restoration, though the color of CRs/FRs do not perfectly match the color of teeth. The visual perception of reduced color differences is called 'blending effect (BE)' and plays an important role to success the esthetic restoration under a limited number of colors of restorative material. According to previous studies, BE increased when two types of color were attached. Furthermore, BE increased under various conditions such as the smaller size of restoration, the less color differences, and the more transparency. There have been few researches on color adjustment capacity of layered CRs. However, clinical importance of the color adjustment capacity for non-layered CRs has grown while therere no surrounding tooth structures such as class III, IV cavities and diastema closures. In the previous study of layered CRs, BE increased with the higher transparency. However, non-esthetics results are drown from excessive transparency in non-layered CR restorations cases. Therefore, BE is important in this clinical conditions. In this study, BE is measured with various adjacent material of CRs/FRs under above-mentioned clinical conditions using CIEL*a*b* color system. The CIEa* parameter is selected as measurement parameter. 2. Methods 5 manufacturers were selected with 3 shades(A2, A3, A3.5) CRs and FRs. 10mm X 5mm X 2mm resin composite blocks, attaching tightly red and white tiles on each side, were produced customized. The color of the samples was measured using Spectroradiometer. The measurement was started from red tile side toward white tile with 40 times intervals moving as 0.25mm. 3 samples were conducted on each experimental group. XYZ coordinates from the Spectroradiometer were transformed into CIE(1976)L*a*b* color system. Among CIE(1976)L*a*b* parameters, CIEa* values were analyzed for BE measurement. CIEa* values showed exponential decay such as f(x)=a ร— expโก(-bร—x)+c. The CIEa* values converged to 'c' with moving to red tile, which means that the influence of red tile was extinct. In this case, BE is defined as the value of (mm) at the point of CIEa*, c+1. For statistical analysis, two-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD and Duncan were performed using PASW. 3. Results The value of BE(mm) of CRs was greater than that of FR's. Among the 5 CRs, Estelite Sigma Quick showed the largest value with 3.321mm, which means the BE of red tile substantially reaches up to 3.321mm. Gradia > Charisma > Premisa > Metafil CX were followed. Among the 5 FRs, Charisma Flow showed the largest value with 2.692mm. Estelite Quick Flow > Premisa Flow > Metafil Flo > Unifil Flow were followed. After statistical analysis with ANOVA, statistically meaningful differences between CRs and FRs(p0.05) were observed. Furthermore, 3 homogeneous sub-groups, which are (Premisa/Premisa Flow), (Charisma/Charisma Flow, Estelite/Estelite Flow), (Metafil/Metafil CX, Gradia/Unifil Flow), were classified after execution of Tukey HSD and Duncan. ---------------------------------------- Keywords: composite resins, flowable resin, color adjustment potential, blending effect Student number: 2008-22133Maste
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