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생쥐 초기 발생과정에서 SWISNF 염색사 리모델링 복합체의 역할에 관한 연구

Thesis(doctors)--서울대학교 대학원 :협동과정 유전공학전공,2008.2.Docto

Mathematics education as a humanity education

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :수학교육과,2000.Docto

Clinical Study on the Intracranial Aneurysms and Arteriovenous

It is well known that approximately 35-50 per cent of all patients with a spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage die in the first attack and about 40 per cent of the survivors expire due to recurrent attacks some time within the following five years. These hemorrhages occur principally from ruptured aneurysms located on the great vessels at the base of the brain, and some from ruptured arteriovenous malformations. The purpose of this report is to present the results of clinical observations and treatments in 62 patients with intracranial aneurysms and 25 patients with intracranial arteriovenous malformations, durng period from September, 1957 to August, 1971 at the Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. There were 119 cases of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage among 312 patients of cerebrovascular diseases, of which 58 cases (48%) were due to ruptured intracranial aneurysms and 14 cases (12%) were due to arteriovenous malformations. Unruptu• red aneurysms were found in 4 patients (6.5% of all aneurysm cases) and unruptured arteriovenous malformations in 11 patients (44% of all A. V. M. cases). There were 36 males (58%) and 26 females (42%) among aneurysm cases, and 19 males (76%) and 6 females (24%) among arteriovenous malformation cases. The highest age incidence was found in fourth and fifth decades in aneurysriJ.ai groups, and in third and fourth decades in arteriovenous malformation group. The site of a single aneurysm was on the internal carotid artery in 46. 2 per cent; anterior cerebral artery complex in 25.4 per cent; middle cerebral artery in 22.4 per cent and vertebrobasilar system in 6. 0 per cent. Multiple aneurysms were found in 8 per cent and all were associated with the internal carotid artery aneurysms. All unruptured aneurysms were located on the internal carotid artery, three of them were in the intracavernous portion and one at the bifurcation of the posterior communicating artery. Nineteen cases (76%) of 25 arteriovenous malformations were angiomatous malformations, 4 cases (16%) were carotid•cavernous fistulas and 2 cases (8%) were combined intracranial-extracranial arte• riovenous malformations. The parietal area was the most prevalent site of supratentorial angiomatous malformations, and infratentorial arteriovenous malformations were only three cases (12%) . Main feeding arteries to these arteriovenous malformations were the middle cerebral artery in 40 per cent, anterior cerebral artery 24 per cent and internal carotid artery in 20 per cent, while the main draining veins were the sagittal sinus in 36 per cent, internal cerebral veins in 36 per cent and other cortical veins in 32 per cent. The size of aneurysms varied as follows: 3-5 mm in 43.5 per cent, 6-10 mm in 47.1 per cent, and over 10 mm in 9.4 per cent. Angiographically, generalized arterial spasm was found in 38. 7 per cent of 58 ruptured aneurysm cases, localized arterial spasm in 25. 8 per cent, spasm only in parent artery in 19.4 per cent. UsuallY cerebral angiography was performed when the patient's condition was good but when intracerebral hematoma or subdural hematoma was suspected in ruptured aneurysms, angiography was done immediately. In 78 per cent of aneurysm cases, angiography was performed within 3 weeks. Bilateral or triple angi ography was done in 43. 6 per cent of intracranial aneurysms and unilateral was done in 56.4 per cen

락토바실러스 가세리 균주와 인플릭시맵 병행처리의 염증성 장 질환 완화 효과

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :보건대학원 환경보건학과,2020. 2. 고광표.We hypothesized that Lactobacillus gasseri (L. gasseri) KBL697 and infliximab (IFX) have combine effects to prevent dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis induced by inflammatory cytokines and gut microbiota disruption. We first evaluated immunomodulation effect of L. gasseri KBL697. In bone-merrowed-derived macrophage cells (BMDMs), L. gasseri KBL697 has effects of decreasing inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Also, we found that L. gasseri KBL697 has combine effect of barrier protection with IFX in Caco-2 cell. Furthermore, we demonstrated that combination of IFX and L. gasseri KBL697 has beneficial effects than single treatment on DSS-induced colitis. Combination treatment significantly prevented weight loss than single treatment after DSS treatment cessation. Also, colon length, cecum weight and histological scores confirmed that combination treatment shows beneficial effects in DSS-induced colitis. Our results showed that combination treatment reduces inflammatory cytokine levels and also increases anti-inflammatory cytokine levels than single treatment. Furthermore, combination treatment has effect of increasing CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cell population than single treatment in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Taxonomic and functional analyses of gut microbiota showed significantly higher cecum bacterial diversities and abundances including genus Akkermansia, Prevotella and Ruminococcus in DSS+Combine-treated mice. Combination treatment also showed effects of increasing beneficial metabolite such as purine, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism as well as acetate and butyrate in the cecum. Through these results, we demonstrate that combination treatment has effects of alleviating colitis symptoms than single treatment by modulating the immune response and altering gut microbiota.락토바실러스 가세리 KBL697과 인플릭시맵은 BMDM, Caco-2 그리고 마우스 모델에서 대장염 증상 완화의 병행 효과가 있는 것을 발견했다. BMDM에 KBL697을 처리했을 때 염증성 사이토카인은 감소하고 염증 억제 사이토카인은 증가했다. 또한, Caco-2에 KBL697과 인플릭시맵을 병행처리 했을 때 밀착 연접이 단독처리 했을 때보다 강화되었다. 그 뿐만 아니라, DSS 대장염 마우스 모델에서 DAI, 장 길이, 조직학 검사를 통해 인플릭시맵과 KBL697의 병행처리가 단독처리보다 질병 완화에 좋은 효과를 있음을 증명했다. 병행처리는 단독처리보다 염증을 유도하는 miRNA를 감소시키고 선천 면역 반응을 조절하며 장벽 손상을 막았다. 게다가 장 조직에서 사이토카인을 분석한 결과 병행처리가 단독처리보다 Th1-, Th17- 타입의 사이토카인을 감소시키고 염증 억제 사이토카인 IL-10은 증가시켰으며, 장간막 림프샘에서 조절 T세포의 비율을 증가시켰다. 병행처리는 면역반응 뿐만 아니라 장내 균 총에도 변화를 일으켰다. 병행처리는 단독처리한 그룹보다 장내 균의 다양성이 증가하였고 장내 균의 군집 구조가 정상화된다는 것이 증명되었다. 그리고 대사체 분석 결과 병행처리는 단독처리보다 아세트산, 뷰티르산과 같은 짧은 사슬 지방산의 생성을 유도한다는 것을 밝혔다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 락토바실러스 가세리 KBL697과 인플릭시맵의 병행처리가 단독처리보다 면역반응을 억제하고 장내 균총을 정상화함으로써 대장염을 완화하는 것을 발견했다. 이러한 발견은 락토바실러스 가세리 KBL697과 인플릭시맵의 병행처리가 대장염에 대한 새로운 치료방법이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.Ⅰ Introduction 1 II. Materials and Methods 4 1. Bacteria strains preparation 4 2. The measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance in Caco-2 in vitro model 5 3. The measurement of immunomodulatory effects in BMDM in vitro model 6 4. Experimental colitis in vivo 7 5. Histological analysis 9 6. Real-time PCR 12 7. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) measurement 15 8. Measurement of cytokines in protein level 16 9. Flow cytometry analysis 17 10. Gut microbiota and predicted community metagenomic analysis 18 11. Short-chain fatty acids measurement 20 12. Statistical analysis 21 III. Results 22 1. Lactobacillus gasseri strain has effects of immunomodulation in BMDMs 22 2. Combination treatment has effect of improve tight junction in Caco-2 monolayer 23 3. Combination treatment has therapeutic effect of DSS-induced colitis in vivo 26 4. Combination treatment downregulates miRNA level of inflammation-related gene in colon 30 5. Combination treatment increases mRNA level of tight junction-related gene in colon 32 6. Combination treatment reduces leukocyte recruitment in colon 34 7. Combination treatment regulates protein level of cytokines in colon 36 8. Combination treatment increases regulatory T cells population in MLN 39 9. Combination treatment significantly changes the community structure of the gut microbiota 42 10. Combination treatment changes in metabolic functions and SCFA levels 47 IV. Discussion 50 V. Reference 57 VI. 국문초록 64Maste

미적분의 역사 발생적 전개에 관한 연구

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :수학교육과,1997.Maste

Clinical Study on Obstructive Hydrocephalus caused by parasitic infections

The authors analysed 20 patients of obstructive hydrocephalus caused by parasitic infections who were admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, from 1970 to 1980. The followings were obtained; 1. There were 17 cases of cysticercosis and 3 cases of paragonimiasis. 2. In age distribution, there were two peaks of age , second decade and middle age (30~50). There was no significant difference between sexes. 3. The most frequent site of obstruction was at the fourth ventricle and the outlets of the fourth ventricle. 4. As other hydrocephalus, the most frequent complaints were headache and vomiting. But patients often had fluctuating symptoms with change of position or motion of the head. 5. There was a low relative frequency of obstructive hydrocephalus in paragonimiasis in view of cerebral paragonimiasis in Korea. 6. There was a difference in patterns of obstruction, in cystcercosis usually by intraventricular parasites, and in paragonimiasis by extraventricular parasites

원형강관으로 구속된 콘크리트의 수동구속모델

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :건축학과,1999.Maste