52 research outputs found
์ถ๊ตฌ์ธ์ฌ์ก์ฑํ๊ฒฝ์ด ์ ์๋ ์ถ๊ตฌ์ ์๋ค์ ์ถ๊ตฌ๋ง์กฑ๋์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ: ์คํ๊ต ์ถ๊ตฌ์ ์๋ค์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ (์์ฌ)-- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ : ์ฌ๋ฒ๋ํ ์ฒด์ก๊ต์ก๊ณผ,๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ์คํฌ์ธ ๋งค๋์ง๋จผํธ์ ๊ณต, 2019. 2. ๊ฐ์คํธ.In todays talent development in soccer industry is one of the most crucial responsibilities for its industrys growth and strengthening their youth soccer players performance for future competitions as their core investment. The environment of talent development supports youth soccer players to perform better and think more creative during competitions by learning from their coaches and continuous training. Since youth soccer players mentality affects their performance in playing soccer, there are lack of studies in South Korea regarding youth soccer players satisfaction in talent development environment.
This study is based on youth soccer players satisfaction for playing soccer in South Korea, an attempt to provide insight how much the players satisfy with current environment and the relationship with their coaches. The study looked youth soccer players satisfaction in South Korean talent development environment by applying seven environmental factors: Long-Term Development Focus, Quality Preparation, Communication, Understanding the Athlete, Support Network, Challenge and Supportive Environment, and Long-Term Development Fundamentals. More specifically, this study looked to identify the influence of the environmental factors towards the satisfaction of playing soccer in South Korea. The difference of satisfaction towards the talent development environment in each grade of middle school soccer players was also compared through this study.
Results showed that the players overall satisfaction in playing soccer increases as they satisfy their 5 environmental factors of talent development which are Long-Term Development Focus, Communication, Support Network, Challenging and Supportive Environment, and Long-Term Development Fundamentals. Finally, there were significant difference of satisfaction towards the talent development environment between grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 in South Korea.Abstract โ
ฐ
Table of Contents iii
List of Tables โ
ด
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1. Research Background 1
1.2. Purpose of Research 3
1.3. Significance of Research 5
1.4. Definition of Terms 8
Chapter 2. Theoretical Background 10
2.1. Theory of Deliberate Practice and Talent Development Environment Questionnaire (TDEQ) 11
2.2. Self-Determination Theory 14
2.3. Attachment Theory 16
2.4. Hypotheses 21
Chapter 3. Methodology 23
3.1. Participants 23
3.2. Procedure 24
3.3. Instruments 25
Chapter 4. Results 31
4.1. Descriptive Statistics 31
4.2. Hypotheses Testing 33
4.3. Summary of Findings 53
Chapter 5. Discussions and Conclusion 62
5.1. Theoretical Implications 62
5.2. Managerial Implications 65
5.3. Limitations and Future Research 67
5.4. Conclusion 68
References 71
Appendix 78
List of Tables
Table 1. Descriptive Statistics 23
Table 2. Assessing the Reliability of Scales, Cronbachs ฮฑ 32
Table 3. The Results of Regression between Youth Soccer Players Satisfaction and Each Factor of Talent Development Environment 38
Table 3.1. The Results of Regression between the First Grade Youth Soccer Players Satisfaction and Each Factor of Talent Development Environment 39
Table 3.2. The Results of Regression between the Second Grade Youth Soccer Players Satisfaction and Each Factor of Talent Development Environment 40
Table 3.3. The Results of Regression between the Third Grade Youth Soccer Players Satisfaction and Each Factor of Talent Development Environment 41
Table 4. The Results of Shapiro-Wilks Test of Normality 42
Table 5. Levenes Test for Equality of Variance 44
Table 6. Brown-Forsythe Robust Tests of Equality of Means 45
Table 7. The Results of ANOVA for Youth Soccer Players Satisfaction 50
Table 8. The Results of Post Hoc Tests - Tukey 51
Table 9. The Summary of Regression for All Youth Soccer Players Satisfaction 53
Table 10. The Summary of ANOVA for All Youth Soccer Players Satisfaction 60Maste
Multifunctional Nanomaterials for Biomedical Nanomotor
Doctor์๊ฐ์ถ์ง์ ํ ์ ์๋ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ ์
์ ์ฆ, ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ ์์คํ
์ ๋ค์ํ ์์ค์ ์๋์ง (๋น, ์ด, ์ด์ํ, ์๊ธฐ์ฅ, ํํ์ ์๋์ง)๋ฅผ ๋ชจํฐ์ ์์ง์์ผ๋ก ๋ณํํ์ฌ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ ์ค์ผ์ผ์์ ๊ณผ์
์ ์ํํ ์ ์๋ ์์คํ
์
๋๋ค. ์ง๋ ์ญ ๋
๊ฐ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ ๋ชจํฐ์ ํฉ์ฑ, ๋์์ธ ์์๋ถํฐ, ๋ง๋ค์ด์ง ๋ชจํฐ์ ์ ์ฉ์ ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊น์ง ๊ด๋ฒ์ํ๊ฒ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์งํ๋์์ต๋๋ค. ํนํ, ๋ฐ๋์ ์ํํ๊ฐ ํ์ํ ์์ฒด์ํ์ ์ ์ฉ์ ์ํด ํ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์งํ๋๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ ์ถ์ง์ ํตํด ์ผ์์ ํผ๋ถ์๋ฌผ๊ณผ์ ์ ์ด๊ธฐํ๋ฅผ ๋๋ ค ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋๋ฅผ ๋น์ฝ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋๋ฆด ์ ์๊ณ (์คํฐ๋ง ํจ๊ณผ), ์ถ์ง๋ ฅ์ ํตํด ๊ธฐ์กด ์
์๋ค์ด ์นจํฌํ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ค์ด ์์ฒด๋ง (์ธํฌ๋ง, ํ๊ด๋ฒฝ) ์ด๋ ๊น์ ์กฐ์ง๊น์ง ๋๋ฌํ ์ ์์ด ์น๋ฃํจ๋ฅ๋ ์ฆ๋์ํค๊ณ ์์ด ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋ฌ ์์คํ
, ๋ฐ์ด์ค ์ผ์ ๋ฑ์ ์ ์ฉํ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ๋ค์ด ๋ฐํ๋๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค.
์ ๋ ๋ฐ์ฌํ์ ๋์ ์์ฒด ์ ํฉํ ์์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ํฉ์ฑ, ๋์์ธ ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ์์ฒด์ ์ ์ฉํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์งํํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋จผ์ , ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ์ ํํ์ฃผ์ฑ์ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ์์ธํฌ๋ก ํ๊ฒํ
ํ๊ณ ๋น์ ์ด์ฉํด ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ์ ์์ง์์ ์ ์ดํ๊ณ ๋ํ, ๊ด์ดํจ๊ณผ๋ก ์์ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ด๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ถ์ง์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค๊ธฐ ์ํด ํด๋ฆฌ์คํ์ด๋ -ํด๋ฆฌ์ํธ๋ ๊ธ๋ผ์ด์ฝ ๋ธ๋ก๊ณต์คํฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋งค์ ๋
น์ธ ํ ๋ฌผ์ ์ฒจ๊ฐํจ์ผ๋ก์จ ์ผํฌ์์ ์ํด ํญ์๋ฆฌ ํํ (์คํ ๋งํ ์ฌ์ดํธ)์ ๋ชธ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ ํ ๋ชธ์ฒด ์์ ๋ฐฑ๊ธ ๋๋
ธ์
์๋ฅผ ๋ด์ง ํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ด ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ ๊ณผ์ฐํ์์๊ฐ ์๋ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ๋ฐฑ๊ธ ๋๋
ธ์
์์ ๊ณผ์ฐํ์์์ ํญ๋ฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์์ ์ํด ์ฐ์๊ฐ ๋ฐ์๋๊ณ , ๋ฐ์๋ ์ฐ์๊ฐ ํญ์๋ฆฌ ํํ์ ์
๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋น ์ ธ๋์ค๋ฉด์ ์์ง์ด๊ฒ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์์ธํฌ๊ฐ ๊ณผ์ฐํ์์๋ฅผ ๋ด๋ ์ฑ์ง์ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๊ฐ ์์ธํฌ๋ก ๋๋ฆฌ๋ ํํ์ฃผ์ฑ์ ํ์ธํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ํ, ์์ธํฌ๋ก ์ด๋ํ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ์ ๊ทผ์ ์ธ์ ์ ์ฌ์ด์ฃผ์์ ๋ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ค์ด ์์ง๋๊ณ ๋ฉ์ถฐ์ ๊ด์ดํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ด๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ์ธํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ด ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ ์น๋ฃ์ ์์ด ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ์ ์ฐ์์ฑ์ ์
์ฆํ๊ณ ์์ฉ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๊ฒ์ฆํ์์ต๋๋ค.
๋๋ฒ์งธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋ฌ์์คํ
์ ์ ์ฉํ๊ณ ์ ํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์์ ์ค๋ช
ํ๋ฏ์ด ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ ๊ธฐ์กด์ ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋ฌ์์คํ
์ ๋นํด ์์ฒด๋ง์ด๋ ๊น์ ์กฐ์ง์ผ๋ก ๋๋ฌํ ์ ์๋ ์ถ์ง๋ ฅ์ ๊ฐ์ง๊ณ ์์ด ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋ฌ ํจ์จ์ ๊ทน๋ํ ์ํฌ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. ํ์ง๋ง ๊ทธ๋ฌํ ์ถ์ง๋ ฅ์ ๊ฐ์ง๊ณ ์์์๋ ๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ์ธํฌ ๋ด๋ก ์ ์
๋๊ธฐ์ ๋ค์ ํฐ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ ์์ธํฌ๋ฅผ ํ๊ฒํ
ํ ์ ์๋ ๋ถ๋ถ์ด ์์ด ์ธํฌ ๋ด ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋ฌ ํจ์จ์ด ์ฌ์ ํ ์ข์ง ๋ชปํฉ๋๋ค. ํ์ฐ์นผ์ ์
์ ์์ ํ์๋ฃจ๋ก ์ฐ-์ฟ ์ปค๋นํธ๋ฆด ์ ํฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ด์ง ํ ํ ๋ณตํฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ ํ, ์
์์ ํ์ชฝ ๋ฉด์ ๋ฐฑ๊ธ์ ์ฝํ
ํ์ฌ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์์ต๋๋ค. ์ด ๋ชจํฐ๋ ๊ณผ์ฐํ์์ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ๋ฐฑ๊ธ์ฝํ
์ ์ํด ์ถ์งํ๊ฒ ๋๊ณ ์ ์กฐ์ง์ ๋๋ฌํ๊ฒ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์ด๋ ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ ์๋ ํ์ฐ์นผ์์ ์ ์กฐ์ง ํ๊ฒฝ (๋ฎ์ pH)์ ๋ถํด๋๊ณ ๋ด์ง ๋์ด์๋ ํ์๋ฃจ๋ก ์ฐ-์ฟ ์ปค๋นํธ๋ฆด ์ ํฉ์ฒด๊ฐ ๋์ค๊ฒ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์ ์ธํฌ๋ ํ์๋ฃจ๋ก ์ฐ ์์ฉ์ฒด (CD 44)๊ฐ ์ธํฌํ๋ฉด์ ๋ง๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ํ์๋ฃจ๋ก ์ฐ๊ณผ ํน์ด์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฒฐํฉํ๊ณ ์ธํฌ์ ์
์ด ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์ด๋, ์ฟ ์ปค๋นํธ๋ฆด์ด๋ผ๋ ์ด๋ถ์๋ ๋์๋ฏธ๋
ธํฅ์ฐ ๋ถ์์ ํฐ ๊ฒฐํฉ๋ ฅ์ ๊ฐ์ง๊ณ ๊ฒฐํฉํ๋ ์ฑ์ง์ ๊ฐ์ง๋๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ์ด ๋ถ์๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํฉํ์ฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ด ์ ์ธํฌ ๋ด๋ก ์ ์
๋๊ธฐ ์ ์ ์๋ ๋น์จ์ ์ต์ํ ํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๊ฐ ์ ์ธํฌ์ฃผ๋ณ์์ ๋ถํด๋จ์ ํ์ธํ์๊ณ ๋ด์ง ๋์ด ์๋ ํ์๋ฃจ๋ก ์ฐ-์ฟ ์ปค๋นํธ๋ฆด ์ ํฉ์ฒด๊ฐ ์ธํฌ ๋ด๋ก ์ ์
๋๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ์ธํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ํ, ๊ธฐ์กด์ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ์ ๋นํด ์ธํฌ ๋ด ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋ฌ ํจ์จ์ด ์ฆ๋๋จ์ ํ์ธ ํ์์ต๋๋ค.
์ธ๋ฒ์งธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ์์ ํ๋ ์ ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ์ข๋ ์์ฒด ์ ํฉํ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ๊ณ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ค์ ๋๋ฌผ ์คํ์ ํตํด ์
์ฆํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์ ๋ฐฉ๊ด์, ๋ฐฉ๊ด์ผ, ๋ฏผ๊ฐ์ฑ ๋ฐฉ๊ด์น๋ฃ์ ๋ฐฉ๊ด ๋ด๋ก ์นดํ
ํฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ์ฃผ์
ํ๊ฒ ๋๋๋ฐ ์ด๋ฌํ ์ฝ๋ฌผ์ ๋ฐฉ๊ด๋ฒฝ์ ์ ๋ถ์ง ๋ชปํ๊ณ ๋น๋ฒํ ๋ฐฐ๋จ์์ฉ์ ์ํด ์ป๊ฒจ ๋ด๋ ค๊ฐ ์ฝํจ๊ฐ ๋จ์ด์ง๋๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ํด๊ฒฐํ๊ณ ์ ํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์์ฒด์ ํฉํ ๊ณ ๋ถ์์ธ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ํ๋ฏผ ๋๋
ธ์
์๋ฅผ ํฉ์ฑํ์๊ณ ์
์ ํ๋ฉด์ ์ฐ๋ ์์ ๋ผ๋ ์์๋ถํดํจ์๋ฅผ ์ ํฉํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ ๋ฐฑ๊ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ๊ธ์์ด ์ถ์ง ๋ฉ์ปค๋์ฆ์ ๊ด์ฌ๋๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ฌ์ ํ ์์ฒด ๋ด์ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋๋ฐ ์ด๋ ค์์ด ์์์ต๋๋ค. ์ถ์ง๋ฉ์ปค๋์ฆ์ ๋ฐ๊พธ๊ณ ์์ฒด ์ ํฉ์ฑ์ ๋์ด๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ฐ๋ ์์ ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ฐ๋ ์์ ๋ ์์ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ๋
์ฑ์ด ์๋ ์์๋ฅผ ๋ถํดํ์ฌ ํ์๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์์ํค๊ฒ ๋๋๋ฐ ๋ฐ์๋ ํ์์ ์ํด ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๊ฐ ์ถ์ง๋ฉ๋๋ค. ํฉ์ฑ๋ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๊ด ๋ด๋ก ์นดํ
ํฐ๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ฃผ์
ํ๋ฉด ๋ฐฉ๊ด ๋ด ๋์ ์์๋๋์ ์ํด ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๊ฐ ์ถ์ง๋๊ฒ ๋๊ณ ๋ฐฉ๊ด๋ฒฝ์ ์ ๋ง ์ธต์ ํจ์จ์ ์ผ๋ก ํฌ๊ณผํจ์ ํ์ธํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ํ, ๋ฐฉ๊ด๋ฒฝ ๋ด์ ๋ฐฐ๋จ์์ฉ ํ์๋ ๊ธฐ์กด ์
์๋ค์ ๋นํด ๋ ์ค๋๋๋ก ๋ง์ด ์กด์ฌํ๊ณ ์์์ ํ์ธํ์์ต๋๋ค. ํ์ฌ๊น์ง ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ฌผ ์คํ์ ์ ์ฉํ ์๊ฐ ๋ง์ง ์์๋ฐ ์ด ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋ฐฉ๊ด์ง๋ณ์น๋ฃ์ ์๋ก์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ์ ์ํ์์ต๋๋ค.
์ข
ํฉํ์ฌ, ๋ค์ํ ๋ฉ์ปค๋์ฆ, ๋ฌผ์ง์ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก/๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ํฉ์ฑํ๊ณ ์ด๋ฌํ ํฉ์ฑ๋ชจํฐ๊ฐ ์์์ ์ ์ฉ๋ ์ ์๋๋ก ํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ณ ๋ถ์๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ํฉ์ฑํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์์ฒด ์ ํฉํ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ ์ ์์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ํ, ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๊ด์ด์น๋ฃ์ ์ฑ๊ณต์ ์ผ๋ก ์ ์ฉํ ์ ์์์ต๋๋ค. ๋์งธ, ์๋ถํด์ฑ์ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ์ฌ ์ฝ๋ฌผ์์คํ
์ ์ ์ฉํ์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์์กฐ์ง์ฃผ๋ณ์์ ๋๋
ธ๋ชจํฐ๊ฐ ์๋ถํด๋๊ณ ์ฝ์ ์ ๋ฌํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ์ธํ์์ต๋๋ค. ์
์งธ, ์ด๋ฌํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ค์ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ์์ฒด์ ํฉํ ๋ชจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ์๊ณ ๋ฐฉ๊ด์ ์ ์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ฐฉ๊ด ์งํ์ ์น๋ฃํ ์ ์๋ ๋ชจํฐ ์์คํ
์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ์์ต๋๋ค.Self-propelled micro/nanomotors (MNMs) convert various energy source (light, heat, ultrasound, magnet, chemical substrate) into mechanical force to conduct complex tasks at micro/nanoscale. Over the past dacades, MNMs have been widely studied for biomedical applications due to the need for miniaturization of machines and smart materials for complex and precise operations in the body. Since MNMs can actively transport drugs, penetrate deep tissues for drug delivery and improve sensitivity of analytes for sensing, MNMs were considered as new micro/nanoplatforms to biomedical field with maximization of therapeutic efficacy and minimization of side effect. During the Ph.D course, functional nanomotors were developed with different propelsion mechanisms for biomedical applications.
In part I, light responsive nanomotor was developed for active photothermal cancer therapy. The nanomotor was synthesis with polyethylene-polystyrene block copolymer (PEG-b-PS) for bowl-shaped polymersome (stomatocyte). After that, platinum nanoparticles were entrapped selectively within the nanocavity of the stomatocyte for self-propulsion by the platinum-catalysed degradation of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, naphtalocyanine derivative (NC), a strong NIR light absorber, was also encapsulated in the membrane of stomatocyte. Under NIR light, conformational change of stomatocyte was occured due to the temperature increase of NC in the membrane of stomatocyte, resulting in reversible aggregation of the nanomotor around 55ยฐC. After that, the aggregated nanomotors stopped and showed photothermal effect. This nanomotor system was successfully utilized for for photothermal cancer therapy.
In part II, degradable nanomotor was firstly developed for targeted drug delivery. To give biodegradability and biocompatibility of the nanomotor, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticle and hyaluronates (HA) were used. The platinum deposited janus-type nanomotors showed an autonomous motion in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. After reaching tumor sites, CaCO3 of the nanomotor was degraded in the acidic tumor environment and drug loaded HA were released and uptaken into cancer cells. The delivery efficiency of the nanomotors was significantly increased due to the dual targeting capability: the pH-responsive degradation of CaCO3 in the acidic tumor environment and the cancer cell targeting capability of HA. This degradable nanomotor system might pave the way for active drug delivery.
In part III, on the basis of preliminary research data, biocompatible and bioavailable enzyme-powered nanomotor was developed for in vivo application. The nanomotor can penetrate the bladder wall and show enhanced retention in bladder under in vivo condition. Urease was choosed for propulsion of nanomotor due to their bioavailability and urea, converted by urease into carbon dioxide, is present in considerable amount in the urinary bladder. Urease immobilized nanomotor become active in bladder by conversion of urea. After injection in bladder, the nanomotors showed enhnaced penetration to bladder wall and retention in bladder even after urination. This enzyme-powered nanomotor successfully utilized for the therapy of bladder diseases.
Taken together, micro/nanomotors were synthesized and developed with different propulsion mechanisms and successfully applied for various biomedical applications. Firstly, polymeric nanomotor, which responsive to light was developed for active photothermal cancer therapy. Second, degradable nanomotor was firstly developed for targeted drug delivery. Third, bioavailable enzyme-powered nanomotor was developed for therapy of bladder disease. Based on those researches, I could confirm the possibility and feasibility of nanomotor systems for various functional biomedical applications
A Reliability Study on MOSFETs with High-k dielectrics using Low-Frequency Noise Measurements
DoctorThis thesis describes the reliability study of MOSFETs with high-k dielectrics using low-frequency noise measurements. For La-incorporated high-k dielectrics, the oxide breakdown characteristics are verified using low-frequency noise measurements. For SiGe channel p-MOSFETs with high-k dielectrics, the oxide breakdown, the negative bias temperature instability (NBTI), and hot carrier instability (HCI) are observed using low-frequency noise and charge pumping measurements. The n-MOSFET with La-incorporated high-k dielectrics is measured before and after channel oxide breakdown. Low frequency noise (LFN) after channel soft oxide breakdown (SBD) of n-MOSFETs with a HfLaSiO gate dielectric and TaN metal gate shows a Lorentzian-like spectrum, which is not observed in HfSiO gate dielectric devices after channel SBD. This is related to the spatial location of the SBD spot. Because the La weakens atomic bonding in the interface layer, the SBD spot is generated close to the Si/SiO2 interface. This is verified using the time domain analysis. The reliability of SiGe channel p-MOSFETs with high-k dielectrics is studied. Si0.75Ge0.25 p-MOSFETs with HfSiO gate dielectrics show the higher breakdown voltage than the Si channel p-MOSFETs in TZDB measurements. At the first instant after TZDB, the increase of hole current is larger than the increase of electron current in Si0.75Ge0.25 p-MOSFETs, which is opposite to the Si channel p-MOSFETs. This supports that the breakdown in Si0.75Ge0.25 p-MOSFETs are occurred at interfacial layer (IL) and that in Si p-MOSFETs are occurred at bulk layer. These characteristics are also observed in BD measurements. Low-frequency noise (LFN) after BD of Si0.75Ge0.25 p-MOSFETs shows a small Lorentzian hump and that of Si p-MOSFETs shows an only increase for all measured frequency. This is evidence that the IL of Si0.75Ge0.25 p-MOSFETs is more fragile than that of Si p-MOSFETs because of the Ge induced trap generation.Finally, the NBTI and HCI of SiGe channel p-MOSFETs are studied. The short gate-length devices are more degraded by NBTI in respect of the threshold voltage shift (ฮVth) than the long gate-length devices in Si0.75Ge0.25 channel p-MOSFETs. This supports that the short gate-length devices contain more fragile bond than the long gate-length devices do. Under channel hot carrier (CHC) stress, the drain currents are severely degraded and the kink effect in subthreshold region is observed in Si0.75Ge0.25 channel p-MOSFETs
Birth of Modern Media and Segmentation of Poetic Language ๏ผfocusing on poems contributed from readers in Korea Daily News
A study on development of walking tour smartphone application UI design considering regional characteristics -Focusing on Haewoondae bathing beach in Busan metropolitan city-
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