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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ–‰์ •๋Œ€ํ•™์› ํ–‰์ •ํ•™๊ณผ(ํ–‰์ •ํ•™์ „๊ณต), 2023. 2. ๊น€๋™์šฑ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์‘ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ณผ ์†Œ์† ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•ด ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ๊ทผ์ ˆ์— ์ด๋ฐ”์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํ›„ ์กฐ์น˜๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง‰์ค‘ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ, 2020๋…„ 10์›” ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๆ•…์ •์ธ์–‘ ์‚ฌ๋ง์‚ฌ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์ •๋„๋Š” ํ•™๋Œ€์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ทน์  ํƒœ๋„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ ์ฒœ์ฐจ๋งŒ๋ณ„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2๊ฑด์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์—, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ์„  ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€๋“ค์˜ ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์›์ธ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฒญ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ณผ์™€ ์„œ์šธ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฒญ ์†Œ์† 31๊ฐœ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„œ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ณผ์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 196๋ช…์˜ ์‘๋‹ต ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹, ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹, ์„ฑ ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹, ๋ฐฉ์ž„ ์ธ์‹ ๋“ฑ 4๊ฐ€์ง€์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์š”์ธ์ธ ์ •์„œ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ฒด๋ฒŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„์™€ ์ง๋ฌด์  ์š”์ธ์ธ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•์ง€์‹ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ธ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ํ†ต์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ณผ์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ 5์  ๋งŒ์ ์— 4.5495๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•™๋Œ€์œ ํ˜• ์ค‘ ์„ฑ ํ•™๋Œ€๊ฐ€ 4.8535, ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€๊ฐ€ 4.5804, ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€๊ฐ€ 4.5122, ๋ฐฉ์ž„์ด 4.2515 ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์—ฐ๋ น, ํ˜ผ์ธ์—ฌ๋ถ€, ์žฌ์ง๊ธฐ๊ฐ„, ๊ด€๋ จ๋ถ€์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€์—, ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ํ˜ผ์ธ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€์—, ์„ฑ๋ณ„์€ ์„ฑ ํ•™๋Œ€์—, ํ˜ผ์ธ์—ฌ๋ถ€, ์žฌ์ง๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ฐฉ์ž„์ธ์‹ ์ ์ˆ˜ ํ‰๊ท ์— ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ํŠน์„ฑ ์ค‘ ์ •์„œ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€, ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€, ๋ฐฉ์ž„ ์ธ์‹์— ๊ธ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฒด๋ฒŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€, ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€, ์„ฑ ํ•™๋Œ€, ๋ฐฉ์ž„ ์ธ์‹ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๊ธ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ์ง๋ฌด์  ์š”์ธ ์ค‘ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•์ง€์‹ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€, ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€, ์„ฑํ•™๋Œ€, ๋ฐฉ์ž„ ์ธ์‹์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ ์ฆ์ง„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์  ์ œ์–ธ๋“ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ •์„œ์  ๊ฐ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€๋ฒ•์—์„œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ต์œก์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฐ1ํšŒ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ง‘์ฒด๊ต์œก์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„๊ต์œก์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜์–ด ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์„ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ „๋ฌธ์  ๊ต์œก ์ปค๋ฆฌํ˜๋Ÿผ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ต์œกํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ต์œก์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์กฐ์ง์›์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฒด๋ฒŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ „๊ฐœํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฒญ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ณด๊ฑด๋ณต์ง€๋ถ€์—์„œ ์‹ค์‹œํ•ด์˜จ ์ฒด๋ฒŒ ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์—๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ด๋ค„์ง„ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ•ฉ๋™ ์›Œํฌ์ˆ ๊ฐœ์ตœ, ์ž์ฒด ์ธ์‹๋„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ, ์—ญํ• ๊ทน์ด๋‚˜ ํ™๋ณด์˜์ƒ ๊ฒฝ์ง„๋Œ€ํšŒ ๊ฐœ์ตœ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ญ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํƒœ๋„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋‚˜์„ค ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํ•™๋Œ€๋ถ€์„œ ์ธ์žฌ ์„ ๋ฐœ์‹œ ํ•™๋Œ€์ธ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€, ์ฒด๋ฒŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„, ๊ด€๋ จ์ง๋ฌด๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ž๊ฒฉ์š”๊ฑด, ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ œ๊ป ๋ณด๊ฑด๋ณต์ง€๋ถ€ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ์‹ค์‹œํ•ด์˜จ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€๋“ค์˜ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹๋„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ค„์ ธ, ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ํ•œ์ธต ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ์ ˆ๋˜๊ธธ ๊ฐ„์ ˆํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค.This study is intended to explore factors affecting police officers perception of child abuse with women and juvenile departments of police stations in Seoul and to seek ways to improve their level of awareness towards child abuse as a serious crime, and eventually to eradicate child abuse. The police take significant role in child abuse cases from preventing the crime to conducting follow up measures. The death of Jeong-in, a 16-month-old toddler who died from months of child abuse in Oct. 2020, however, revealed that passive reactions and attitude by police officers toward child abuse cases, could bring a tragic ending, which could have been prevented otherwise. Nonetheless, there are only two studies on police officers perceptions of child abuse and maltreatment within the country. This study, therefore, was devised to examine how much police officers take child abuses seriously and explore causal variables affecting their perceptions towards child maltreatment. A total of 196 police officers currently working at women and juvenile departments at 31 police stations under Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency or Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency participated in a survey conducted for this study. The survey had four dependent variables that gauge the level of their awareness on physical, emotional, sexual abuses and child neglect. As for independent variables, the study included instruments examining personal factors such as empathic ability and attitude towards punishment and the level of legal knowledge as an occupational factor. The study also set demographic peculiarity as a control variable in multiple regression analysis. As a result, police officers level of awareness towards child abuse was 4.5495 out of five points on average, and by abuse cases, the level of perception towards sexual abuse was 4.8535, physical abuse 4.5804, emotional abuse 4.5122 and child neglect 4.2515. Also, the study found that the level of perception toward physical abuses showed differences from variables such as the gender of officers, the age, their marital status, the period of time they worked with the police, particularly the length of their engagement in juvenile departments, while the level of perception towards emotional abuse appeared to be affected by the gender of officers and marital status. The level of perception towards sexual abuse also appeared to have been affected by the gender of the officer while the level of awareness on child neglect appeared to have been affected by the marital status and the period of the officers service, each exhibiting significant differences statistically. Also, personal ability to recognize emotions and share their feelings had positive impact on officers perception in physical, emotional abuse and child neglect while attitude towards punishment had positive impact on all four dependent variables. The level of officers legal knowledge on child abuse appeared to have not statistically significant impact on the four types of abuses. Based on the result of the survey, followings are policy suggestions on how to improve police officers perceptions towards child abuse. First, the police should develop education designed to improve officers personal ability to understand others emotions. Under the child welfare law in Korea, state agencies are obliged to carry out education session on child abuse prevention. Such sessions, however, have low educational effect as they have been replaced with either online or group courses and are held for only once a year. Therefore, theres a need to design professional curriculums and hold sessions for small number of people to maximize the effect of education on child abuse prevention. Second, an in-house campaign is needed to promote officers awareness on punishment. Such campaigns carried out by the Korean National Police Agency or the Ministry of Welfare and Health seem to have focused on changing the awareness of the general public. Thus, the police need to hold workshop sessions exclusively designed to improve officers awareness in collaboration with professional institutions, self investigation into the degree of recognition, stage role plays and launch a video contest. Third, the police should set some new criteria that assess qualified police officers to handle abuse cases when hiring new ones to juvenile departments. Finally, the study found that the police have been excluded from the welfare ministry-led research on child abuse cases. A study should be carried out on officers perception toward child abuse on a regular basis to improve the level of their awareness which could greatly contribute in eradicating child abuses in Korea.์ œ 1์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์  1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ 3 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  5 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ์œ ํ˜• 5 1. ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 5 2. ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ํ˜• 6 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์›์ธ ๋ฐ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 8 1. ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์›์ธ 8 2. ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 9 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ 10 1. ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 10 2. ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ 11 3. ์‹ ๊ณ ์˜๋ฌด์ž์˜ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ 12 4. ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ 14 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ 15 1. ์ธ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ์š”์ธ 17 2. ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์š”์ธ 18 1) ์ •์„œ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 18 2) ์ฒด๋ฒŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„ 19 3. ์ง๋ฌด์  ์š”์ธ 20 1) ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•์ง€์‹ ์ •๋„ 20 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 22 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชจํ˜• 22 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค 23 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 24 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ •์˜์™€ ํŠน์ง• 24 1. ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜ 24 2. ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ 27 1) ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์š”์ธ 27 2) ์ง๋ฌด์  ์š”์ธ 29 3. ํ†ต์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ 30 1) ์ธ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ์š”์ธ 30 4. ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 31 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 31 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 33 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 33 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ 34 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ฃผ์š”๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ 35 1. ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ 35 2. ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ 36 1) ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์š”์ธ 36 2) ์ง๋ฌด์  ์š”์ธ 37 3, ํ†ต์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ 40 4. ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ 41 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ฆ 44 1. ์ธ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ๋ณ€์ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹ ์ฐจ์ด 44 1) ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ฐจ์ด 44 2) ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์— ํ‰๊ท  ์ฐจ์ด 47 3) ์„ฑ ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์— ํ‰๊ท  ์ฐจ์ด 50 4) ๋ฐฉ์ž„ ์ธ์‹์— ํ‰๊ท  ์ฐจ์ด 53 2. ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์š”์ธ ๋ฐ ์ง๋ฌด์  ์š”์ธ์ด ์•„๋™ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 56 1) ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 57 2) ์ •์„œ์  ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 59 3) ์„ฑ ํ•™๋Œ€ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 61 4) ๋ฐฉ์ž„ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 63 5) ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 65 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 67 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์š”์•ฝ 67 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ •์ฑ…์  ์ œ์–ธ 70 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜์™€ ํ•œ๊ณ„ 71 ์ฐธ ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ ํ—Œ 74 ๋ถ€๋ก(์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€) 81 Abstract 85์„

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