Behavior of Strength Recovery According to Bonding Area and Scarf Angle on Composites Repair

Composites are widely used for the aircraft, train and automobile. There are so many threat of damage from various reasons such as accident, impact by the bird, thunder lightening, and handling damage. Composites are generally used for a part of complex module, so it is not easy to replace damaged parts. Most of composites are structural material, so it has to endure designed load. There are three repair techniques: patch repair, scarf sanding repair, stepped sanding repair. This research is consisted of the effect of scarf angle and step distance on composites repair process. For these objectives, computer aided FEM(Finite element method) analysis is achieved. Result of these analyses can be an extra guide to establish composites repair standard.제1장 서론 2 1. 연구배경 2 2. 연구목적 5 제2장 복합재료 손상과 보수 기법 8 1. 서론 8 2. 복합재료의 손상 9 3. 복합재료의 보수기술 13 4. 결론 21 제3장 스카프앵글과 강도회복 24 1. 서론 24 2. 등가모델 26 3. FE 모델 27 4. 스카프 앵글에 따른 응력분포 39 5. 결과 및 고찰 57 6. 결론 60 제4장 불연속 간격과 강도회복 62 1. 서론 62 2. FE 모델 63 3. 불연속 간격에 따른 응력분포 77 4. 결과 및 고찰 98 5. 결론 99 제5장 본딩 보수기법에서 금속과의 결합 101 1. 서론 101 2. 시편제작 및 시험방법 102 3. 시험결과 및 고찰 104 4. 결론 111 제6장 총괄 결론 112 참고문헌 11

Mechanical Properties of CFRP by VARTM Process and Practical Application to Automobile Engine Hood

Composite materials were mainly used in aviation field but today it changes into a general industry. Especially composites are expanding a using on transportation vehicles like automobiles, ships, and aircrafts. The main factor of this expanding is high specific strength. It accord with object requiring high quality and efficient of energy. But manufacturing of element that was made of composite requires many raw materials and high tooling cost for special process, so we needs a reduction of these costs to make best efficient. In this experiment we contrast strength between VARTM and hand lay-up process. VARTM process offers high quality the same as autoclave products, and applies with low cost like hand lay-up process. So, VARTM process can practically apply for CFRP automobile engine hood. VARTM process can offer high quality and need low cost. This paper shows that VARTM process is one of the most suitable processes for composite part of automobile.Abstract 1 제1장 서론 2 제2장 CFRP의 정의 및 제조공법 4 2.1 CFRP의 정의 4 2.2 복합재료의 제조공정 8 제3장 실험방법 13 3.1 기계적 특성평가 13 3.1.1 인장시험 13 3.1.2 압축시험 17 3.1.3 Interlaminar shear test 20 3.2 물리적 특성평가 23 3.2.1 수지함침율 측정 23 3.2.2 파단면의 미세구조 관찰 24 3.2.3 표면 결함분포 측정 24 제4장 실험결과 및 고찰 25 4.1 Hand lay-up 공법과 VARTM 공법에 의한 CFRP의 기계적 특성의 차이 25 4.2 Hand lay-up 공법과 VARTM 공법에 의한 CFRP의 물리적 특성의 차이 29 제5장 자동차용 CFRP 엔진후드 제작 35 제6장 결론 41 참고문헌 4

(The) Disciplinary Liabilities in the Investigation and Inquiry to the Marine Accidents Act

The Disciplinary Liabilities in the Investigation and Inquiy to Marine Accidents Act The Marine Accident Inquiry was established as an administrative tribunal for protection of the human lives, property and environment at sea in accordance with the Investigation and inquiry to marine accident act. The primary duty of Marine Accident Inquiry to clarify the cause of marine accident, which may cause great financial damage to vessel and cargoes and often including precious human lives and marine pollution, so that the concerned parties may consider counter measures. But the Marine Accident Inquiry Agency(hereafter, called as "MAIA") discipline the marine officers and/or pilots for their behavior if a marine accident is considered to be caused by their intentional action or negligences on duty and recommend a persons other than marine officers and/or pilots who involved in causes of a marine accident in order to accomplish above-mentioned purposes. There is many functions in the adjudication of the MAIA, such as the fact-finding of a marine accident and the legal interpretation concerning safety of sea traffic, the settlement of disputes which may arising from the marine accidents at times. And also, the adjudication of the MAIA, which were accumulated for a long time will be the good code for mariners to avoid any accident and/or incident at sea. In view of the above functions and duties, the MAIA is not only a navigator but also a law-maker and a judge. The MAIA have disciplined 1,901 persons of marine officers and pilots for the past 5 years, such disciplinary punishment have to enjoy strictly to avoid injury of inquiree's rights and interests even though it is required from the public interest. The procedures of the inquiry is not required to follow the general provisions of criminal code and criminal action, but it is desirable that the provisions concerning discipline should be dealt with as a principal of criminology in view of the characters. In spite of the above matters, MAIA is in danger of forgetting the import of disciplinary punishment because their primary duty is to clarify the cause of marine accident. This thesis aims at indicating the direction in which the provisions concerning disciplinary punishments have to be interpreted by means of the legal dogmatics. This thesis consist of 7 chapters, which are the introduction of this study in chapter 1, legal ground of disciplinary liabilities and the general view of the Marine Accident Inquiry systems in chapter 2, the legal position of the inquiree in chapter 3, the constituent elements of the disciplinary punishment to the inquiree in chapter 4, the effects of discipline to the inquiree in chapter 5, a propose to harmonize between disciplinary and criminal liabilities of seaman who have been occurred marine accident by their negligence in chapter 6 and the conclusion of this study in chapter 7. The conclusion of this study reveals as follows1. The limitation of causations should be extended or reduced as per cases, i.e. it is better to extend limitation as far as possible when MAIA make a decision to clarify the cause of marine accident so that counter measures may find out, but it is better to reduce limitation when MAIA sentence the inquiree disciplinary punishment against their behavior in order to prevent unconscionable injury. To presume the negligence-sharing onto the parties interested by the volume of discipline to the inquiree which was shown in the adjudication should be kept away because there are some difference between the disciplinary punishment to the inquiree and the liability- sharing to the parties interested. 2. The constituent elements of discipline shall be interpreted strictly, otherwise, the right and interests of the inquiree will be injured. Furthermore, it must be proportioned to public interest when the inquiree was disciplined as a precaution because it can hard to determine the possibilities of recurrence in this case. Especially, to reduce the degree of the MAIA's arbitrariness is required because presuming negligences is left to their discretion under the circumstance that the duty of care and diligences are not able to make a type, which can be applied at any cases. 3. To assess the volume of discipline according to the gravity of the inquiree's violation is reasonable, but it is required to consider the extent of damage, the negligence of injured party, whether the post-action was taken or not and whether an agreement was came to or not at same time. 4. As the disciplinary punishment by MAIA is under a category of the enforcement of regulation to the persons who were involved in traffic at sea which is very useful in preventing marine accident, too slight disciplinary punishments that object may be impaired, should be avoided as well as efficient enforcements of regulations are required to minimize the occurrence of the marine accident. 5. To reduce the criminal liabilities of the seaman which may arising from the marine accidents by the negligence is advisable in consideration of their legal position which they have to pay not only criminal liabilities but also civil and disciplinary liabilities for a behavior. It is desirable to transfer the provisions of the crime of accidental homicide, the crime of traffic interference, the crime of an accidental fire which was occurred with marine accidents in the criminal code to the Seaman's Act or Sea Traffic Safety Act and to be free from such penal sanction if such a crime have been violated by slight negligence, in consideration of the maritime policy to be protect the seaman, the gravity of blameworthy and the balancing of legal interest, etc. In this case, the deterrent effect of the criminal sanction can be alternated by the disciplinary punishment and/or the civil liabilities

High-Performance III-V Devices for Future Logic Applications

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