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    ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์ธก์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ผ์ธก์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„ ์˜ˆํ›„ ๋ถ„์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2021. 2. ๊ถŒํƒ๊ท .์„œ๋ก  ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์›์ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ•œ์ชฝ ํ˜น์€ ์–‘์ชฝ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋‹จ์ธต์ดฌ์˜์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆํ›„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์„ ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ์ธก์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„ ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ ํ™˜์ธก์˜ ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์ธก๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜๋ก ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์ „๋„์˜ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ๋„ ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ผ์ธก ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„๋Š” ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ITK-SNAP ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌํ˜„์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์˜ ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ๋น„์œจ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทผ์ „๋„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ๋น„์œจ์ด ์˜๊ตฌ์  ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2016๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€๋ณ‘์›์„ ๋‚ด์›ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ์ธก์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฐ›์€ ์„ฑ์ธ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ›„ํ–ฅ์  ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ผ์ธก์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ตœ์†Œ 3๊ฐœ์›” ์ดํ›„ ์‹œํ–‰๋œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋‹จ์ธต ์ดฌ์˜๊ณผ ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์ „๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋‹จ์ธต ์ดฌ์˜์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ITK-SNAP์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ์œค๊ณฝ์„ ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ‰๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ง€์ •์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ ์œค๊ณฝ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ๋น„์œจ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์ „๋„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 5๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ๋น„์œจ๊ณผ ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์ „๋„, ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ๋น„์œจ๊ณผ ์˜ˆํ›„์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ด 41๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ์ธก์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ ์ขŒ์ธก(71%)์ด ์šฐ์„ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์›์ธ์€ ํŠน๋ฐœ์„ฑ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 2๋ช…์˜ ๋ถ„์„์ž๊ฐ€ ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์žฌํ˜„์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. (P<0.001) ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ๋น„์œจ์€ 0.50์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ํ›„๋‘ ๊ทผ์ „๋„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋‹ค. (Rho = -0.351, P = 0.024) ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ์œ„์ถ• ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ฆ‰ ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜๋ก ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ธก์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์ด ๊ฑด์ธก๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ 82% ์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์˜๊ตฌ์  ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„ ์–‘์„ฑ์˜ˆ์ธก๋„๋Š” 100%์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์ธ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์ธก์ •์€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™˜์ธก ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด์ธก ํ›„์œค์ƒํ”ผ์—ด๊ทผ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์˜ˆํ›„ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์ „๋„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ–ฅํ›„ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ™˜์ž๊ตฐ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋™ํ™”๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •๊ฐ’์ด ์ฐธ๊ฐ’์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ›„์†์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.Introduction: Vocal fold paralysis (VFP) refers to a condition in which one or both vocal cords do not move due to various reasons. Studies have been conducted to predict the direction of VFP and prognosis of VFP using computed tomography (CT). According to a recent study, in patients with unilateral VFP (UVFP), the lower the volume of the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle on the affected side, the worse the laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) findings, the smaller the volume, and the less chances for UVFP to recover. However, there was no study that has quantitatively measured the volume of the PCA muscle and analyzed it as a continuous variable. Therefore, this study was conducted for the following purposes. First, the volume of the PCA muscle was measured using the ITK-SNAP program, and reproducibility was checked. Second, the PCA muscle volume ratio was calculated and analyzed to find whether there was a correlation with the result of LEMG findings. Third, we explored whether the PCA muscle volume ratio could be used as an index to predict permanent UVFP. Methods: From 2005 to 2016, a retrospective medical record review of adult patients who visited the Seoul National University Hospital diagnosed with UVFP was performed. Patients with CT and LEMG performed at least 3 months after the onset of UVFP were analyzed. Cases in which the PCA muscle was indistinguishable from the surrounding structures by CT were excluded from the study. Through ITK-SNAP, the contours of the PCA muscle were specified in all planes where the PCA muscle was present. Based on the contour specified by the measurer, ITK-SNAP calculated the volume and PCA muscle atrophy ratio. The LEMG results were divided into 5 groups according to the severity. Subsequently, the correlations between the PCA muscle volume ratio and the LEMG as well as PCA muscle volume ratio and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Analysis of 41 patients showed that the left side was more dominant (71%) with idiopathic VFP as the most common etiology. PCA muscle measured by two clinicians had significant reproducibility (P<0.001). The average PCA muscle volume ratio was 0.50, which had a negative correlation with LEMG grades (Rho=-0.351, P=0.024). However, as the PCA volume atrophy increased, the proportion of permanent UVFP significantly increased (P<0.001). When PCA muscle volume decreased by 82% or more compared to the normal side, the positive predictive value for permanent UVFP was 100%. Conclusion: The quantitative volume measurement of the PCA muscle was highly reliable, and the PCA muscle volume ratio was significantly correlated with the LEMG results, which is a conventional tool for anticipating the prognosis. This was consistent with the findings of previous studies and can be used as an index for the prognosis of UVFP. Follow-up studies are required in which a greater number of patients are analyzed by the automated process so that the measured value can reach the true value.Abstract i Contents iv List of Figures v List of Tables vi List of Abbreviations vii Introduction 1 Materials and Methods 4 Study design 4 PCA muscle volume measurements with ITK-SNAP 5 LEMG 7 Statistical analysis 8 Results 10 Demographics and clinical characteristics 10 Diagnostic accuracy of the UVFP side 11 PCA muscle volume and ratio 11 Correlation between PCA muscle volume and LEMG patterns 11 Prediction of permanent UVFP using the PCA muscle volume ratio 12 Discussion 13 Conclusion 17 Figures and Tables 18 Reference 39 Abstract in Korean (๊ตญ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ๋ก) 43Maste

    ๋‹ค์ฑ„๋„ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ž์˜ ์ฑ„๋„๋ ˆํผํ† ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฑ„๋„์†Œ๋น„ ์ง‘์ค‘๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ž ๋ถ„๊ทนํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์–ธ๋ก ์ •๋ณดํ•™๊ณผ,2008.2Maste
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