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    A Sectoral Approach in Assessing the Data Economy Ecosystem: Focusing on the Finance, Real Estate, and Medical Service Sectors in Korea

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ โ€˜๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฒฝ์ œโ€™์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…ํ™” ๋ฐ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ 3๊ฐœ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ถ€๋ฌธ(๊ธˆ์œตโˆ™๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐโˆ™์˜๋ฃŒ)์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋…ผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œํ•™์ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ 3๊ฐœ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๋ณด๊ฑด์›(NIH)์˜ โ€˜PubMedโ€™๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ 263,974๊ฑด์˜ ๋ณด๊ฑดโˆ™์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์•ผ ํ•™์ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ; ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  WOS(Web of Science)๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ 26,859๊ฑด์˜ ๊ธˆ์œตโˆ™๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ๋ถ„์•ผ ํ•™์ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋จ. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•โˆ™๊ณต์œ โˆ™๋ถ„์„โˆ™ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์—ญ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ›„์ƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” DPA(Dataโˆ™Platformโˆ™AI) ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํ•˜๋ถ€๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์ œ๋ฐ˜ ์ด‰์ง„๊ธฐ์ œ๋“ค์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—์„œ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œโˆ™์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ 3๊ฐœ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  - (1) ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ํšจ๊ณผ; (2) ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ ฅ ์ฆ๋Œ€ ํšจ๊ณผ; (3) ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ํšจ๊ณผ, ์ด๋“ค์ด 3๊ฐœ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ถ€๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” 3๊ฐœ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๋ จ ํ•™์ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด 2015๋…„๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ถ”์„ธ์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ณต์ €์ž์˜ ์ˆซ์ž ๋ฐ ๋‹ค๊ตญ๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘์ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋‚˜ (2๊ฐœ DB ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ 8์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ก), ์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ตญ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋’ค์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค (ํ‰๊ท  ์ธ์šฉํšŸ์ˆ˜, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ฃผ์ œ์˜ ์ฐธ์‹ ์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ). ์ƒ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ 3๊ฐœ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ๋ฐ˜ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. The main objective of this study is to conceptualize โ€œdata economy (DE)โ€ and to assess the current state of fostering its ecosystem in three particular service sectors in Korea โ€“ finance, real estate, and health care. To that end, we, first, synthesize the key arguments advanced in the recent literature as to the expected socio-economic effects of DE and, second, perform the meta-analyses based on the academic articles of relevancy that are extracted from two international databases: 263,974 articles in the fields of health and medical science from PubMed, established by the National Institute of Health of the U.S.; and, 26,859 articles in the fields of finance and real estate from Web of Science (WOS). Our results are summarized as: for our analytical purpose, DE is defined as an innovation ecosystem in which digital data is collectedโˆ™sharedโˆ™analyzedโˆ™utilized such that regional or national welfare gain can be realized; Its key elements include DPA(Dataโˆ™Platformโˆ™AI)-driven infrastructure along with various enablers, both market-driven and institution-driven; The expected effects of DE, as discussed in the literature, are categorized into three types โ€“ (1) the platform effect, (2) the prediction power effect, and (3) the new analytics effect, whose implications to the three sectors are also elaborated; According to the metaanalyses performed, the DE-related academic studies have been growing in an explosive phase in all three sectors since around 2015, and the trend of increasing co-authorship and inter-country collaboration is also observed; And, those articles written by the Korean authors (according to their affiliations) show a fair standing in terms of the quantity, i.e., number of articles (8th place in both databases) but are being lagged significantly compared to other advanced economies in terms of the quality (e.g., average number of citations, newness of research topics). Using the above findings, we discuss the policy directions and tasks for activating DE and expanding its social effects in the three sectors examined

    ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ถ€์ฑ„ํ™”-ํƒˆ๋ถ€์ฑ„ํ™”๊ณผ์ • ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ตํ›ˆ

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    ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ฃผ์š”๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์นจ์ฒด๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋ฐœ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ํˆฌ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ํ•œโ€œ๊ด‘์ ์ธโ€ ํˆฌ์ž (manias), ์ž์‚ฐ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ํ•˜๋ฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณตํ•ญ์ƒํƒœ (panics), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ ์šฉ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์‹ค๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™(crashes)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์ „๊ฐœ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ 10์—ฌ ๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ์ด์–ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ ๋ฒ„๋ธ”์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” 2000๋…„ ์ดˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ•๊ดดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ํƒ“์ปด ํˆฌ์ž์—ดํ’, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2006๋…„ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜ ์ดํ›„ ํ•˜๋ฝ์„ธ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์„  ์ฃผํƒ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ์œ ๋ก€์—†๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฃผํƒ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ํ•˜๋ฝ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ผ์ž„ ๋ฐ Alt-A๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์„ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‹ค์ฑ„๊ถŒ๋น„์œจ์€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌ์ž์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์œ„์ถ•์‹œ์ผฐ๊ณ , 2007๋…„ ํ•˜๋ฐ˜๊ธฐ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์–ด์Œ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹ ์šฉ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ 1๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์‹ค๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์นจ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฒˆ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์‚ฌํƒœ์—์„œ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ๊ฐ๋…์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฐ์ง€๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ธ‰์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์€ํ–‰๊ณผ ํ—ท์ง€ํŽ€๋“œ์˜ ๋ชจ๋Ÿดํ•ด์ €๋“œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ์†Œ์œ„ โ€œshadow banking systemโ€์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค ๊ธˆ์œต ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ผ์ž„๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๋™ํ™”์ƒํ’ˆ1)(ABS, CDO, CDS)์˜ ๋ฐœํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง์ ‘ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋กœ์„œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ด๋“ค ์ƒํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„์ธก์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์ •๋ณด๊ณต๊ฐœ(disclosure) ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ด€ํ–‰์ด ์ •์ฐฉ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ์ „์— ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ด๋“ค ์ƒํ’ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ์šฉ์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ํ—ท์ง•์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ CDS์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ 2002๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜๋ฆผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ผ์ž„ ์œ ๋™ํ™”์ƒํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‹ค์ฑ„๊ถŒ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์™€ ์†Œ์žฌํŒŒ์•…์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์˜์—…ํ–‰ํƒœ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฃŒ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ˆ˜์ต์— ์น˜์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์šฉ์œ„ํ—˜์‚ฌํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์†Œํ™€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฐ๋… ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์žฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.2

    ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ… ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ 

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    ์ œ11์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ… ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  (์กฐ๋งŒ) ใ€€์ œ1์ ˆ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์ฃผํƒ์ •์ฑ… ใ€€์ œ2์ ˆ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™” ์ •์ฑ… ใ€€์ œ3์ ˆ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ… ใ€€์ œ4์ ˆ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ž„๋Œ€์ฃผํƒ์‹œ์žฅ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”TRU

    ๋ฆฌ์ธ  ์ƒ์žฅ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ: ์‹œ์žฅยท์ œ๋„์  ์š”์ธ์˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† 

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    ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™” ์ •์ฑ…: ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ 

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    ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ์ œ

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ ์ˆœํ™˜์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ '์—ญ์ˆœํ™˜์ '(counter-cyclical) ์ •์ฑ…๋Œ€์‘๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ฃผํƒ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๋ณ€๋™์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์ด ์™ธํ™˜์œ„๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„์ธ 2000~2008๋…„ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ๊ฑฐ์‹œ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฐ ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋™์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ˆœํ™˜์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค: ์ž„๋Œ€์ฃผํƒ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ๊ธˆ์œต์ง€์› ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ; ์‹ค์ˆ˜์š”์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋ฐ ๋ฆฌ์Šคํฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌ; ๋ฆฌ์ธ  ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ๊ฐ„์ ‘ํˆฌ์ž์ƒํ’ˆ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”; ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ถ•์  ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ฐœ๊ด€ํ–‰์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์ด์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹ค๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตผ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„๊ธฐ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ๊ทน๋ณต๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ฒด์งˆ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์š”์ž์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฌ์‹คํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ๊ธˆ์œต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ™•๋ฆฝ์ด ์ค‘ยท์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๊ณ , ๋…ผ์˜๋œ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ์ œ๋“ค์€ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.2

    Mortgage Product and Housing Affordability: Key Linkage and Policy Issues

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋Œ€์ถœ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ์ œ์•ฝ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” โ€˜ํ•œ๊ณ„์ฐจ์ž…์žโ€™์˜ ์ฃผํƒ๊ตฌ์ž…์šฉ์ด๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€์ƒํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์  ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ, ์ด๋“ค ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ์ƒํ™˜์•ก๋ถ€๋‹ด์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ถœ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ถœ ์ดํ›„ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ณ„์†Œ๋“, ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜, ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ด์ž์œจ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ, ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ฃผํƒ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๊ณผ LTV๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋ณ€๋™๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์ƒํ’ˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ์ •๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์ƒํ™˜๋ถ€๋‹ด ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜, ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์ƒํ™ฉ ํ•˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ DTI์˜ ๋‘๋ฐฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ƒํ™˜๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ณ ์ •๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ์ƒํ’ˆ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ 1.47๋ฐฐ์˜ ๋†’์€ ์ƒํ™˜๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ž์œจ์กฐ์ •์ƒํ•œ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณ€๋™์œจ์ƒํ’ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ •๋ถ€์ง€์› ์ƒํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๋ถ„๊ณต์œ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ƒํ™˜๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ƒํ™˜์•ก์ƒ์Šน์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ๋งํ•œ ์ƒํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฃผํƒ๊ตฌ์ž…์šฉ์ด๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ •์ฑ…์‚ฌ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€์œ ๋™ํ™”์ฆ๊ถŒ(Mortgage Backed Security) ๋ฐ ๋‹ด๋ณด๋ถ€์ฑ„๊ถŒ์ƒํ’ˆ(Covered Bond) ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์ž๊ธˆ์กฐ๋‹ฌ, ๊ณต๊ณต ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€๋ณดํ—˜์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž…, ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋Œ€์†์ถฉ๋‹น๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์ž๊ธฐ์ž๋ณธ๋น„์œจ๊ทœ์ œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์ด ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.2
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