45 research outputs found
ν΄λ¦¬μνΈλ κ³Ό μμ΄μν ν±ν΄λ¦¬νλ‘νλ λ°λ§μ ννꡬ쑰
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μμ©ννλΆ,2003.In this study, we attempted to investigate the morphology of polyethylene
(PE) and isotactic-polypropylene (i-PP) in thin film. Through examination of
surface topography for PE and i-PP film on Si and SiO2 substrates, it was
found that the affinity between polymer and substrate affected the surface
undulation of thin film. In PE films of thickness above 35 nm, the
morphologies resembled those of conventional spherulites. In films whose
thickness is thinner than 35 nm, spherulitic morphology was vanished and
lamellar orientation was observed. The orientation of larmella was studied by
reflectivity and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) experiment.
Larmelle in thin PE films of 20-200 nm were oriented with a-axis,
perpendicular to the substrate; however, the lamella was oriented with b-axis
in thin i-PP film. It was observed that about 6 Β°C of melting point drop
occurred in the thin PE film. Larmellar orientation and melting temperature
depression was attributed to the increased contribution of lateral dimension to
the total Gibbs free energy of crystallization. When the film thickness is
below 10 nm, we could observe nucleation-growth type dewetting which was
shown in thick amorphous polymer. It was conjectured that crystallization
affected dewetting.Maste
Redesigning government jobs and series
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ§μμ 보ν, λ€μν, κ°λ°©ν, μ λ¬Ένλ‘ μμ§λκ³ μλ νμ νκ²½μ λ³νμ ν¨μ¨μ μΌλ‘ λμν μ μλλ‘ κ³΅μ§μ μ λ¬Έμ±κ³Ό μΈμ¬κ΄λ¦¬μ νλ ₯μ±μ κ°ννλ λ°©ν₯μΌλ‘ μ§μ’
, μ§λ ¬μ²΄κ³λ₯Ό μ¬μ€κ³ν¨μΌλ‘μ¨, μΈμ¬κ°νμ κΈ°λ°μΌλ‘ νλ μ λΆνμ μ μ€ν¨μ±μ ν보νκ³ λμκ° μ λΆμ κ²½μλ ₯μ μ¦μ§μ κΈ°μ¬νλ κ²μ λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ νλ€. μ΄λ₯Ό μν΄ μ΄λ‘ μ λ
Όμμ μ ν μ°κ΅¬ κ²ν , νν μ§μ’
, μ§λ ¬μ λν νν©λΆμκ³Ό μΈκ΅(λ―Έκ΅, μκ΅) μ§μ’
, μ§λ ¬μ²΄κ³μ λν λ²€μΉλ§νΉμ νμλ€. λν λΆμ²μ μΈμ¬λ΄λΉμμ 곡무μ μ§μ₯νμν μμκΈ κ³΅λ¬΄μλ€μ λμμΌλ‘ νν κ³΅μ§ λΆλ₯체κ³μ λν μ€μ¦μ μ‘°μ¬λ₯Ό μ€μνμλ€. λΆμκ²°κ³Ό μ§μ’
μ κ²½μ ν΅Β·νν©ν νμμ±μ΄ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬μΌλ©°, μ§λ ¬μ κ²½μ°μλ μ μ¬ν μ
무λ₯Ό λ΄λΉνλ μ§λ ¬λ€μ ν΅ν©ν νμμ±μ΄ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. λν μ΅κ·Ό νμ λ³νκ° κΈμνκ² μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§κ³ μκ³ , μ΄μ λν μλ‘μ΄ νμ μμκ° λ°μνκ³ μ΄μ λν μ μν λμμ΄ νμνλ€λ μ μμ μλ‘μ΄ μ§λ ¬μ μ μ€ν νμμ±μ΄ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. The contemporary government environment is increasingly governed by infomatization, diversity, openness, and professionalization. Classification structure and system has a key role in promoting public service competitiveness and realization of government innovation. This study understood the importance of classification in modem governments, especially in Korean government, and is performed to provide effective way of classifying occupational groups and job series for the purpose of maintaining prestige of public service and increasing competitiveness of government services in Korea. For this study, theories and practices in the field of classification are reviewed, current system is analyzed, US and UK cases are benchmarked for innovation, and surveys from practitioners and scholars are conducted. This study suggested four important redesigning measures. First, seven current occupational groups can be regrouped and redesigned on the basis of job similarities. Second, the current job series would be redesigned to promote professionalism and equity in the public service. Third, needs for public service and government capabilities should also be reflected in the system redesigning process. The needs for developing skills and competency in policy analysis and evaluation should be reflected in the new system of classification. Fourth, equity among series or occupations in the personnel processes is considered seriously in the paper. Relatively small series like physics series can be combined broadly with other similar series to increase job mobility and career development
Major Issues and Challenges in MBO: Robert Behn's Three Big Questions in Public Management
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ λͺ©νκ΄λ¦¬μ λ₯Ό λμ
νλ κ³Όμ μμ λλ¬λ λ¬Έμ λ€μ Behnμ΄ μ μν 곡곡κ΄λ¦¬μ μ£Όμ μ§λ¬Έλ€κ³Ό μ°κ³μμΌ λΆμνμκ³ , κ·Έμ λ°λ₯Έ νκ΅ μ μ©μ μ μ€μ± μ λμ΄κΈ° μν κ°μ λ°©μμ μ μνμλ€. 첫째, MBO λͺ©νλ₯Ό κ°μΈ μꡬ λ° λͺ©νμ μ°κ³μν€λ μμ
μ MBOκ° κ°μ§λ λ³Έμ§μ μΈ λ리μΈμ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΄μν μ μμ κ² μ΄λ μ μ΄λ€. κ·Έλ°λ° κ°λ³λͺ©νλ¬μ±μ μΉμ€ν κ²½μ° νμμ΅μ νμ μνμ±μ μ μν νμκ° μλ€. λμ§Έ, λκΈ°λΆμ¬ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μν΄μλ μκ΄μ μ§μμ μΈ κ΄μ¬κ³Ό λ°°λ €, κ·Έ λ¦¬κ³ μ±κ³Όμ 보μμ μ°κ³μν€λ μμ
μ΄ μ€μνλ€λ μ μ΄λ€. νΉν μ¬κΈ°μ μ κ·Ήμ μ΄κ³ λΆκΆμ 리λμμ΄ μꡬλλ€. μ
μ§Έ, MBOκ° κ°μ§λ μΈ‘μ μ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΄μνκΈ° μν΄μ ν΅μ¬ μλ μ€μ¬μ μ’
ν©μ μ§νμ νμ©μ΄ νμνλ€λ μ μ΄λ€. μ΄λ€ μ§νλ μ±κ³Όμ μΈ‘μ κ³Όμ μ λ°μν μ μλ νκ°μμ νΌνκ°μμ μ μΉμ λ¨μ©ννλ₯Ό νΌ νλλ° λμμ΄ λ μ μλ€
Apparatus for maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic module and method thereof
νμκ΄ λͺ¨λμ λΆλΆ κ·Έλ¦Όμ νμ λ±μ μν΄ λ³΅μμ λ΄μ°λ¦¬κ° μ λ ₯-μ μ 곑μ μμ μ‘΄μ¬ν λλ μ μ μ ννκ² μ΅λμ λ ₯μ μ μ°Ύμ μ μλλ‘ ν νμκ΄ λͺ¨λμ μ΅λμ λ ₯μ μΆμ’
μ₯μΉ λ° κ·Έ λ°©λ²μ κ΄ν κ²μΌλ‘, μΈ‘μ λμμΈ νμκ΄ λͺ¨λκ³Όμ μ°κ²°μ λ¨μνλ©΄μ μκΈ° νμκ΄ λͺ¨λμ μ μ λλ μ λ₯λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νλ μΈ‘μ λΆ; μκΈ° μΈ‘μ λΆμμ μΈ‘μ ν μλ λ‘κ·Έ μ μμ λμ§νΈ μΈ‘μ μ μμΌλ‘ λ³ννλ λ³νλΆ; μκΈ° μΈ‘μ λΆμ λ¨μμ μ μ΄νκ³ , μκΈ° λ³νλΆμμ λ³νλ λμ§νΈ μΈ‘μ μ μκ³Ό μΈ‘μ μκ°μ 맀ννμ¬ μ μ₯νλ©°, μΈ‘μ μκ°λ³λ‘ μ μ₯ν λμ§νΈ μΈ‘μ μ μμ λ³νλμ μ°μΆν ν κ·Έ μ°μΆν λ³νλμ κΈ°μ΄λ‘ μ΅λμ λ ₯μ μ μΆμ’
νλ μ μ΄λΆλ₯Ό ν¬ν¨ν¨μΌλ‘μ¨, νμκ΄ λͺ¨λμ λΆλΆ κ·Έλ¦Όμ νμ λ±μ μν΄ λ³΅μμ λ΄μ°λ¦¬κ° μ λ ₯-μ μ 곑μ μμ μ‘΄μ¬ν λλ κ°λ¨ν νλ‘ κ΅¬μ±μ μν΄ μ μ μ ννκ² μ΅λμ λ ₯μ μ μ°Ύμ μ μκ² λλ€.νμκ΄ λͺ¨λμ μ΅λμ λ ₯μ μ μΆμ’
νλ μ₯μΉμ κ΄ν κ²μΌλ‘μ,μΈ‘μ λμμΈ νμκ΄ λͺ¨λκ³Όμ μ°κ²°μ λ¨μνλ©΄μ μκΈ° νμκ΄ λͺ¨λμ μ μ λλ μ λ₯λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ νλ μΈ‘μ λΆ; μκΈ° μΈ‘μ λΆμμ μΈ‘μ ν μλ λ‘κ·Έ μ μ λλ μλ λ‘κ·Έ μ λ₯λ₯Ό λμ§νΈ μΈ‘μ μ μ λλ λμ§νΈ μΈ‘μ μ λ₯λ‘ λ³ννλ λ³νλΆ; μκΈ° μΈ‘μ λΆμ λ¨μμ μ μ΄νκ³ , μκΈ° λ³νλΆμμ λ³νλ λμ§νΈ μΈ‘μ μ μκ³Ό μΈ‘μ μκ°μ 맀ννμ¬ μ μ₯νλ©°, μΈ‘μ μκ°λ³λ‘ μ μ₯ν λμ§νΈ μΈ‘μ μ μμ λ³νλμ μ°μΆν ν κ·Έ μ°μΆν λ³νλμ κΈ°μ΄λ‘ μ΅λμ λ ₯μ μ μΆμ’
νλ μ μ΄λΆλ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νκ³ ;μκΈ° μΈ‘μ λΆλ μκΈ° νμκ΄ λͺ¨λκ³Ό μ°κ²°μ λ¨μνκΈ° μν μ 1μ€μμΉ λ° μ 2μ€μμΉ; μκΈ° μ 1μ€μμΉ λ° μ 2μ€μμΉμ μ¬μ΄μ κ²μ¬λκ³ , μκΈ° μ 2μ€μμΉμ μ¨μ λ°©μ μ νκ³ , μκΈ° μ 1μ€μμΉμ μ¨μ μ μμ μΆ©μ νλ 컀ν¨μν°λ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νλ κ²μ νΉμ§μΌλ‘ νλ νμκ΄ λͺ¨λμ μ΅λμ λ ₯μ μΆμ’
μ₯μΉ
Dualities in two dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories
MasterIn this thesis, we have checked the dualities in two dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories especially focus N=(2,2) on torus T^2. Using localization techniques
and Jeffrey Kirwan residue method, one can compute exact partition function of given theory. Via these partition function we have checked the dualites of given theories.
Then using these dualities, we extend 2d/4d coupled system and check hopping relation of 2d/4d coupled system. And In N =(0,2) theories we have checked triality, and we expect this trality can be important role of checking dualities in 2d/4d coupled
system