LITERATURE REVIEW OF ANTIBIOTICS PRESCRIPTION IN GENERAL DENTAL AND ORAL-MAXILLOFACIAL SURGICAL PRACTICE

Objectives : Administration methods of antibiotics implements a variety for indications and diseases. Therefore, it is impossible to produce a single guideline. Many antibiotics have been prescribed without specific index, by practicians for a long period of time. In general dental practice and oral and maxillofacial surgical practice, there is not a guidelines for antibiotics. Therefore, there is a dependency on pre-existent methods rather than following an exact guideline. Consequently, a controversy was issued that prescription of antibiotics tend to be misused or abused. And it is also direct relation to the tolerance of antibiotics as well. Moving forward, in this review we will be analyzing the exact usage and indication of antibiotics in dental treatment. Materials and Methods : 29 published articles of both domestic and international were researched through Pubmed and Kormed, and the review from these articles were performed accordingly. We examined the administration of antibiotics through the objective usage, that classified prophylactic and therapeutic. Results : For therapeutic usage, empirical prescription is mandatory for the first step. Next is to moderate the empirical prescription depending upon the result of its culture. Administration of antibiotics must be kept for 2days after the symptoms disappear. For a prophylactic use, we can generally pr escribe antibiotics to prevent local infection or systemic infection. Although the method of prescription and neccessity of antibiotics to prevent local in fection are controversial, exact guidelines of antibiotics to prevent systemic infection are established by AHA. Conclusion : Most crucial concept for prescript antibiotics is to determine if it is adequately suitable for all circumstances. In this decision making, a guideline for prescription of antibiotics in various dental surgical practice is necessary. This guideline can reduce the misusage and disusage of a ntibiotics in general dental practices and oral and maxillofacial surgical practices.N

Absorbable Guided Bone Regeneration Membrane Fabricated from Dehydrothermal Treated Porcine Collagen

Purpose: Collagen membranes are used extensively as bioabsorbable barriers in guided bone regeneration. However, collagen has different effects on tissue restoration depending on the type, structure, degree of cross-linking and chemical treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory reaction, bone formation, and degradation of dehydrothermal treated porcine type I atelocollagen (CollaGuide?) compared to of the non-crosslinked porcine type I, III collagen (BioGide?) and the glutaldehyde cross-linked bovine type I collagen (BioMend?) in surgically created bone defects in rat mandible. Methods: Bone defect model was based upon 3 mm sized full-thickness transcortical bone defects in the mandibular ramus of Sprague-Dawley rats. The defects were covered bucolingually with CollaGuide?, BioMend?, or BioGide? (n=12). For control, the defects were not covered by any membrane. Lymphocyte, multinucleated giant cell infiltration, bone formation over the defect area and membrane absorption were evaluated at 4 weeks postimplantation. For comparison of the membrane effect over the bone augmentation, rats received a bone graft plus different covering of membrane. A 3×4 mm sized block graft was harvested from the mandibular angle and was laid and stabilized with a microscrew on the naturally existing curvature of mandibular inferior border. After 10 weeks postimplantation, same histologic analysis were done. 원고접수일 2010년 9월 20일, 게재확정일 2011년 1월 4일책임저자 이종호(110-749) 서울시 종로구 연건동 28번지, 서울대학교 치의학대학원 구강악안면외과학교실Tel: 02-2072-2630, Fax: 02-766-4948, E-mail: [email protected] RECEIVED September 20, 2010, ACCEPTED January 4, 2011Correspondence to Jong-Ho Lee Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University 28, Yeongun-dong, Chongro-gu, Seoul 110-749, Korea Tel: 82-2-2072-2630, Fax: 82-2-766-4948, E-mail: [email protected] CC This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Results: In the defect model at 4 weeks post-implantation, the amount of new bone formed in defects was similar for all types of membrane. Bio-Gide? membranes induced significantly greater inflammatory response and membrane resorption than other two membranes; characterized by lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells. At 10 weeks postoperatively, all membranes were completely resorbed. Conclusion: Dehydrotheramal treated cross-linked collagen was safe and effective in guiding bone regeneration in alveolar ridge defects and bone augmentation in rats, similar to BioGide? and BioMend?, thus, could be clinically useful.N