20 research outputs found

    Cambodia in 2016: Democracy Regressed

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    ์‹ ๋ผ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์˜ ๋™์ฒœ ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์„œ์ฒœ ๊ธ‰๋Ÿ‰

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    ๅŠๆข and ๆฒ™ๆข written in the ancient Korean records should be read as late Old Chinese of Han. Liquid coda *-l(or *-r) in Chou and Chin did not remain in Han. So *-l/*-r was transcribed by sibilant *-n or *-t in China. Another means was used in Korea. The coda *-r was expressed by the medial *-r- of grade โ…ก and chongniu(้‡็ด) grade โ…ข through metathesis. CVr- could be expressed by CrV- by way of r-metathesis. The Korean phonetic value of ๅ–™(ๆข) was *turk and it means stream or river in Korean. The phonetic value of ๆฒ™ was *sra and that of ๅŠ was *grษ™p/*grษจp/*grษฏp in late Old Chines period. ๆฒ™[*sra] and ๅŠ[*grษ™(ษฏ ยท ษจ)p] of Old Chinese was used for expressing *sar and *karp of Old Korean. ๆฒ™[*sar] and ๅŠ[*karp] meant the east and the west in Silla. Nowadays ลŸark and garp in Turkish means the east and the west. Korean and Turkish were the same Altaic Languages. So, I argue that *sarturk(ๆฒ™ๆข) and *karpturk(ๅŠๆข) meant the east stream and the west stream in Old Korean.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2016ํ•™๋…„๋„ ์„œ์šธ์—ฌ์ž๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋น„์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Œ

    17ยท18์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ‰์•ˆ๋„ ์–‘์—ญ์ œ์˜ ๋ณ€์ฒœ

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    ํ‰์•ˆ๋„๋Š” ไฝฟ่กŒ่ทฏ์— ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๊ณผ ๋ณ€๋ฐฉ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํŠน์ˆ˜์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์žฌ์ •์„ ๋…์ž์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ 1636๋…„์˜ ๋ณ‘์žํ˜ธ๋ž€ ์ดํ›„๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒญ์˜ ๊ฐ„์„ญ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ‰์•ˆ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ†ต์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์  ์ž์œ„ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋„ ๊ฐ–์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๊ตฐ ๋ณต๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ฉด์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— 1์ธ๋‹น ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 3ํ•„์˜ ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์–‘์—ญ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์˜ ๊ณผ์ค‘ํ•จ๊ณผ ๊ตฐ๋น„์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” 17์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ค‘์—ฝ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–‘์—ญ์„ 3ํ•„์—์„œ 2ํ•„๋กœ ์ค„์ด๋ฉด์„œ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์–‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ, 17์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์—๋Š” ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์กฐ๋ จ๊ณผ ์ž…๋ฒˆ์„ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๊ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋˜ ์ค‘ 1721๋…„์—๋Š” ํŠน๋‹จ์˜ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹จํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ‰์•ˆ๋„ ๊ตฐ๋ณด์˜ ์—ญ์„ 1ํ•„๋กœ ํ†ต์ผ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ํ‰์•ˆ๋„์— ๋ถ€๊ณผ๋œ ์–‘์—ญ์€ ๋Œ€ํญ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ‰์•ˆ๋„ ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ฉํฌ์™€ ์ž…์—ญ์„ ๊ฒธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ 1731๋…„์— ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์žฌ์ •์ง€์›์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ‰์•ˆ๋„ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ๋‚ฉํฌ์™€ ์ž…์—ญ์„ ๊ฒธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚ฉํฌ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์—†์• ๊ณ  ๋ช…์‹ค์ƒ๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์–‘์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธํ›„ 1750๋…„ 6๋„์˜ ์–‘์—ญ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ท ์—ญ๋ฒ•์ด ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ‰์•ˆ๋„์˜ ์–‘์—ญ์‚ฌ์ •์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‰์•ˆ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณ„๋„๋กœ ์–‘์—ญ์‚ฌ์ •์ž‘์—…์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜์—ฌ 1759๋…„ ้—œ่ฅฟ๏ฅผๅฝนๅฏฆๆ‘ ์„ ๊ฐ„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์žก๋‹คํ•œ ์–‘์—ญ ๋ช…๋ชฉ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ์–‘์—ญ์— ์•ก์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ด๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณจ์ž๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. 17ยท18์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ์–‘์—ญ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์–‘์—ญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ, ์–‘์—ญ๋ถ€๋‹ด์˜ ๊ท ๋“ฑํ™” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–‘์—ญ ์•ก์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ณ ์ •์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ง„๋˜์—ˆ๋˜๋ฐ”, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ํ‰์•ˆ๋„์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

    A History of Gwancheondae and Ilyeongdae in the Joseon Dynasty : Especially on the Ilyeongdae in Changgyeong Palace

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    The name of gwancheondae(่ง€ๅคฉ่‡บ) means a sky- observing stand. It was a stand for ganeui(็ฐกๅ„€: a kind of torquetum) or soganeui(ๅฐ็ฐกๅ„€: a kind of small torquetum). The name of ilyeongdae(ๆ—ฅๅฝฑ่‡บ) means sun- shadow stand. It was a stand for ilgu(ๆ—ฅๆ›‡: sundial) or ilseongjeongsieui(ๆ—ฅๆ˜Ÿๅฎšๆ™‚ๅ„€: a kind of astrolabe). Ilseongjeongsieui was an astronomical clock used for checking the nearby clepsydra for clay and night. There is a stone stand designated for treasure No. 851 inChanggyeong Palace(ๆ˜Œ ๆ…ถๅฎฎ). It is known as a gwancheondae for soganeui, but it is not a gwancheondae but an ilyeongdae for ilseongjeongsieui. It is the only stand for ilseongieongsieui, and the stone stand located in Hyundae office building in Gye-rdong is the only stand for soganeui remained till now
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