6 research outputs found

    A Legislative Study on the Introduction Certificate System on Dangerous Cargo Handling Facilities

    Get PDF
    The Social concern of the Safety has been reached a zenith these days of Korea through the past few decades. After Korean Independence, Development is more important and efficient than safety in Korean peninsula because of nothing to take place to eat for living. As a result of ignored safety, Industry is always chased more efficient than safety. Recently, Hot issued safety accidents in our society are as follows Firstly, the Lunar New Year morning in 2014 a Singapore-registered Oil Tanker WUISAN, VLCC(Very Large Crude Oil Carrier), collided with GS-Caltex Crude Oil Dolphin and pipelines caused spillage at a quay off Yusu, happened almost 20 years after some 5,000 tons of oil washed onto the same coast in 1995. Secondly, domestic passager boat "Sewol", the sinking of the Sewol ferry has also brought into focus the safety problems of coastal liners. In case of Ulsan port, a small amount of oil leaked off the coast of Ulsan from a cracked floating hose run by Koreaโ€™s major refiner, SK Energy in 2013. In oil handling facilities, there are many potential problems such as lacking and ambiguity of safety regulations, unconcerned and ignorance of dangerous cargo handling tanker and facilities - Dolphin, SPM, Tandem mooring etc. This Study aims for enhancing safety system on dangerous cargo handling facilities and makes a legislative Certificate System through investigation of maritime accidents on collision dangerous berths, questionnaire for workers and investigation regarding Self-Safety Management System on dangerous cargo handling and operating companys which transport dangerous cargo through tanker, the study of Safety Guidelines and Good Industry Practices for Oil Terminal in E.U, Marine Terminal Information System in OCIMF, CDI-T Today, Self-Safety Operation Management System in company is not core value of Dangerous cargo handling berths because of Lacks of willings of owners managing it safely in Dangerous cargo operation industry, safety monitoring processing system operating by Authorities. We need to be addressed promptly to avoid potential maritime disasters in the future through the Certificate System in Dangerous cargo handling facilities as similar with PSM(Process Safety Management) in Industry Fields and change of the Marine Safety Regulation. Therefore, I address the Introduction of the Certificate System in dangerous cargo handling facilities to encourage the workers those who work dangerous cargo handling facilities and to keep pace with safety policy in Korea.Abstract ์ œ1์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 2 ์ œ2์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  3 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 3 โ… . ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” 3 1. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ์˜ ์ •์˜ 3 2. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ 5 โ…ก. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ˜•์‹ 7 1. ์ค‘๋ ฅ์‹ ๋ถ€๋‘ 7 2. ๋ง๋š์‹ ๋ถ€๋‘ 8 3. ์ผ์ ๊ณ„๋ฅ˜ 8 4. Tandem Mooring 9 5. ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ณ„๋ฅ˜ 10 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋ถ€๋‘์˜ ์šด์˜ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  11 โ… . ์šธ์‚ฐํ•ญ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ 11 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 11 2. ์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ ์Šน์ธ์ œ๋„ 11 โ…ก. ์šธ์‚ฐํ•ญ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด์˜ ์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ ๋ถ„์„ 13 1. A์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ ๋‚ด์šฉ 12 2. B์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ ๋‚ด์šฉ 17 3. C์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ ๋‚ด์šฉ 24 โ…ข. ์šธ์‚ฐํ•ญ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋ถ€๋‘์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  28 1. ์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  28 2. ์šธ์‚ฐํ•ญ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญํ˜„์žฅ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ 40 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ ๋ถ€๋‘์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 44 โ… . ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋ถ€๋‘๊ด€๋ จ ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ 44 1. ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜ 44 2. ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ 48 โ…ก. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋ถ€๋‘๊ด€๋ จ ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์›์ธ 49 1. ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋ณธ ์ธ์ ๊ณผ์‹ค 49 2. ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋ณธ ๋ฌผ์ ๊ณผ์‹ค 51 โ…ข. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 53 ์ œ3์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋ถ€๋‘ ์šด์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ก€ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 55 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ์˜ ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ก€ 55 โ… . ๊ฐœ์š” 55 โ…ก. ์œ ๋ฅ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์ง€์นจ์˜ ์ ์šฉ๊ธฐ์ค€ 56 1. ์ ์šฉ๋ฒ”์œ„ 56 2. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•ˆ์ „๊ธฐ์ค€๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 57 3. ์œˆ์น™ ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค 57 โ…ข. ์ฃผ์š”๋‚ด์šฉ 60 1. ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํš๋‹จ๊ณ„ 60 2. ์กฐ๋‹ฌ, ๊ฑด์„ค ๋ฐ ์ž์‚ฐ๋ณด์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 63 3. ์šด์˜๋‹จ๊ณ„ 64 4. ์‚ฌ์—…ํ์‡„ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ค‘์ง€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ 66 ์ œ2์ ˆ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์šด์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 67 โ… . ํ•ด์–‘ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์ •๋ณด์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 67 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 67 2. ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 68 3. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 68 โ…ก. CDI-T(Chemical Distribution Institute - Terminal) 74 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 74 2. ํŠน์ง• 75 3. ์ฃผ์š”๋‚ด์šฉ 75 โ…ข. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 77 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋ถ€๋‘ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฒ•๋ น 77 โ… . ๊ฐœํ•ญ์งˆ์„œ๋ฒ• 78 โ…ก. ํ•ด์–‘ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ• 79 1. ํ•ด์–‘์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์ ๊ฒ€ ์˜๋ฌด 79 2. ํ•ด์–‘์‹œ์„ค ์†Œ์œ ์ž์˜ ํ˜‘์กฐ์˜๋ฌด 79 3. ํ•ด์–‘์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ฒ€๊ฒ€ ๋Œ€์ƒ 80 4. ํ•ด์–‘์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์ ๊ฒ€ ๋Œ€ํ–‰ 80 5. ์•ˆ์ „์ง„๋‹จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด 80 6. ์•ˆ์ „๊ฒ€๊ฒ€ ์‹ค์‹œ์‹œ๊ธฐ, ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณด๊ณ  81 โ…ข. ํ•ญ๋งŒ ๋ฐ ์–ดํ•ญ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€ 82 1. ์ ์šฉ๋ฒ”์œ„ 82 2. ์ฃผ์š”๋‚ด์šฉ 82 โ…ฃ. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ• 90 โ…ค. ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„๋ฒ• 91 1. ์ •์˜ 91 2. ์ฃผ์š”๋‚ด์šฉ 92 โ…ฅ. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 95 ์ œ4์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ธ์ฆ์ œ๋„ ๋„์ž… ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ๋ฐ ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ก  97 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ธ์ฆ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 97 โ… . ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 97 โ…ก. ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 97 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ธ์ฆ์ œ๋„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 98 โ… . ์ธ์ฆ์ œ๋„ ์ ์šฉ๊ธฐ์ค€ 98 1. ์ทจ๊ธ‰ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ๊ธฐ์ค€ 99 2. ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐ์ค€ 99 3. ์—…์ข… ๊ธฐ์ค€ 99 โ…ก. ์ธ์ฆ์ œ๋„ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 100 โ…ข. ์ธ์ฆ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์› ๋ฐ ์ธ์ฆ์ฃผ๊ธฐ 101 1. ์ธ์ฆ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์› ์ž๊ฒฉ 101 2. ์ธ์ฆ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ 101 โ…ฃ. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 101 1. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš 102 2. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์ „์šด์˜๊ณ„ํš 106 3. ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๊ณ„ํš 118 4. ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํ•ญ๋งŒ๋‹น๊ตญ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณ ์‹œํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ 118 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ธ์ฆ์ œ๋„์˜ ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ก  119 โ… . ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ• ์„ค์ • 119 1. ํ•ด์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ „๋ฒ• 119 2. ๊ฐœํ•ญ์งˆ์„œ๋ฒ• 121 3. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 121 โ…ก. ํ•ด์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ „๋ฒ• ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋ฐ ํ•˜์œ„ ๊ทœ์ •์˜ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 122 1. ํ•ด์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ „๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‹ ์„ค ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 122 2. ํ•ด์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ „๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น ๊ทœ์ •์˜ ์‹ ์„ค์•ˆ 126 3. ํ•ด์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ „๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๊ทœ์น™ ๊ทœ์ •์˜ ์‹ ์„ค์•ˆ 127 โ…ข. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 129 ์ œ5์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  130 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 132 ๋ถ€๋ก 1 134 ๋ถ€๋ก 2 13

    - ๆ•ฃ็ฉๆถฒ้ซ”ๅฑ้šช็‰ฉ ่ทๅฝน์„ ไธญๅฟƒ์œผ๋กœ-

    Get PDF
    ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” 6.25์ „์Ÿ ์ดํ›„ ํ™ฉํํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์˜ ์žฌ๊ฑด์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธ‰์†ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ์—ญ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ '์•ˆ์ „ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ์ฆ'์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์•ˆ์ „์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1988๋…„ ์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์ดํ›„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๋งค์ง„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฐ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€๊ทœ์ œ ์™„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 1993๋…„ 7์›” 1์ผใ€Œ๊ธฐ์—… ํ™œ๋™ ๊ทœ์ œ ์™„ํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„์กฐ์น˜๋ฒ•ใ€๊ณผ 1998๋…„ 3์›” 1์ผ ใ€Œํ–‰์ •๊ทœ์ œ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋ฒ•ใ€์ด ์ œ์ • ๋ฐ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—…๊ณ„์˜ ์ž์œจ์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด์™€ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€๊ทœ์ œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ทจ์ง€์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—ญํ•ญ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ƒ ๊ตฌ์—ญ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„์ธ ใ€Œ์„ ๋ฐ•์˜ ์ž…ํ•ญ ๋ฐ ์ถœํ•ญ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ใ€์˜ '์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš'์ด 1999๋…„ 2์›” 8์ผ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ •๋ถ€๊ทœ์ œ ์™„ํ™” ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค์ธ ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ€๋‘์™€ ๊ณต์šฉ๋ถ€๋‘์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ด์–‘์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” '์œ ์กฐ์„  ์šฐ์ด์‚ฐํ˜ธ ๋ถ€๋‘์‹œ์„ค ์ ‘์ด‰์‚ฌ๊ฑด'๊ณผ 'ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ ์šด๋ฐ˜์„  ์Šคํ†จํŠธ ๊ทธ๋กœ์•ค๋žœ๋“œํ˜ธ ํญ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๊ณ '๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 2014๋…„ 1์›” 31์ผ ์—ฌ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์šฐ์ด์‚ฐํ˜ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋„์„ ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์กฐ์„ ์ด ์ฃผ์š” ์›์ธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ์šด์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ํ‰์†Œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œํ™€๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์ธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2019๋…„ 9์›” 28์ผ ์šธ์‚ฐํ•ญ ๊ณต์šฉ๋ถ€๋‘์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์Šคํ†จํŠธ ๊ทธ๋กœ์•ค๋žœ๋“œํ˜ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ณต์šฉ๋ถ€๋‘์˜ ์ด์ค‘ ์ ‘์•ˆ(Double Banking)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์  ๊ทœ์ •์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ์ฆ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์— ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€ 2014๋…„ 4์›” 16์ผ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ '๋‚ดํ•ญ ์—ฌ๊ฐ์„  ์„ธ์›”ํ˜ธ ์ „๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ณ '์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ž๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ '์„ ๋ น ๊ทœ์ œ ์™„ํ™”', ์ด์ต์ง‘๋‹จ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์˜ ๊ฒฐํƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 'ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌยท๊ฐ๋…' ๋ฐ '์šด์ž„๊ทœ์ œ' ๋“ฑ ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ์‹คํŒจ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜์‹์— ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๋ ค์‹ฌ, ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ๋ฐ ์ •์ง์„ฑ ๊ฒฐ์—ฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ '์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด'๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ทœ์ œ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๋™ํ–ฅ์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์˜๋ฆฌํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ทœ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™„ํ™”์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์ œ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฐ ๋ณด๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์ถ”์„ธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ™˜๊ฒฝยท์•ˆ์ „ยท๋ณด๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ํ†ต์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์†Œ๋“์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2019๋…„ 1์ธ๋‹น ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์†Œ๋“์ด ์•ฝ 31,250๋ถˆ์ž„์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์˜ ์ดˆ์ž…์— ๋“ค์–ด์„ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฐ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ '๋‚ดํ•ญ ์—ฌ๊ฐ์„  ์„ธ์›”ํ˜ธ ์ „๋ณต์‚ฌ๊ณ ' ์ดํ›„ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ „๋ฐ˜์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋ง์€ ์ง€์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ˜•ํ•ด์–‘์˜ค์—ผ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ์˜ ํ•˜์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ, ํŠนํžˆ ์•ˆ์ „ ๊ทœ์ œ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทผ๋ž˜์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์ œ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น, ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์˜ ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ก€, ๊ตญ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „ ์ž์œจ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ๋ฒ•์ธใ€Œ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์ด์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ใ€Œ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ '๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ', ใ€Œํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ '์œ„ํ•ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ', ใ€Œ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ '์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ทœ์ •' ๋ฐ ใ€Œ๊ณ ์••๊ฐ€์Šค ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ '์•ˆ์ „์„ฑํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ณ„ํš'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ '์œ„ํ—˜ํ‰๊ฐ€', '์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž' ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ•ํ™”์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์šด์˜ ๋ฐ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ตญ์ œ์  ๋™ํ–ฅ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ ์ž ์œ ์—”์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒฝ์ œ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ 'ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์˜ ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์ฒœ ์ง€์นจ', ๊ตญ์ œํ•ด์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ข… ๊ทœ์ •, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ์ผ๋ณธ, ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ทœ์ • ๋ฐ ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „ ์ž์œจ๊ทœ์ œ์ธ '์œ ์กฐ์„  ๋ฐ ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์•ˆ์ „์ง€์นจ', '์„์œ , ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ, ์•กํ™”๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ์„ ๋ฐ•๋Œ€์„ ๋ฐ• ์ด์†ก ์ง€์นจ(2013)', ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ž์œจ์ธ์ฆ๊ทœ์ œ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌ์žฅ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ด์›ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ํฌ์žฅ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ธ‰์œ ์„ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ทœ์ •์€ ํ˜„ํ–‰ ใ€Œ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ•ใ€์ƒ์˜ '์ž์ฒด์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš'์œผ๋กœ ์กด์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ด์ƒ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž…์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•ด์ƒ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ณ„ํš, ์„ค๊ณ„, ์šด์˜ ๋ฐ ํ•ด์–‘์˜ค์—ผ๋ฐฉ์ง€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์ธ ใ€Œํ•ญ๋งŒ๋ฒ•ใ€, ใ€Œ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ•ใ€, ใ€Œํ•ด์–‘ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ•ใ€, ใ€Œํ•ญ๋งŒ์šด์†ก์‚ฌ์—…๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋„์ด๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์ด ์ œ๋„๋Š” ใ€Œ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ '๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ'๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ, ์œ ์—”์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒฝ์ œ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ 'ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์˜ ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์ฒœ ์ง€์นจ'๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น ๋ฐ ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „ ์ž์œจ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ•ด์ƒ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„์˜ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ใ€Œ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ•ใ€์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๊ฐ์ข… ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฒ•๋ น ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ๊ณผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ทœ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ข… ์•ˆ์ „์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด, ํŠนํžˆ ์šธ์‚ฐํ•ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์Šคํ†จํŠธ ๊ทธ๋กœ์•ค๋žœ๋“œํ˜ธ ํญ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ œ๋„๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์†Œ์š”๋˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์˜์‹ ๊ณ ์ทจ์™€ ์ƒํ™œํ™”, ์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ์ง€์†, ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€ ์ •์‹  ํ•จ์–‘๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์ œ์ •์ฑ… ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.The Republic of Korea has achieved the most dramatic economic development, with the government prioritizing policies for economic development to rebuild the barren country after the Korean War. However, the rapid economic growth entailed insensitivity to safety as one of the side effects, for recognizing safety regulations as an obstacle to economic growth. Since the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, all works of business around the country have called for alleviation of regulatory standards in light of faster economic growth. Accordingly the ใ€ŒAct on Special Measure for Deregulation of Corporate Activitiesใ€ in July 1, 1993 and ใ€ŒFramework Act on Administrative Regulationsใ€ in March 1, 1998 were enacted to support government's deregulation efforts. In order to secure the autonomy of the dangerous goods industry and improve unnecessary government regulations, the Safety Management Plan of ใ€ŒAct on the Arrival, Departure, ETC. of Shipsใ€, which is a safety management system for loading and unloading dangerous goods in the water zone, etc. of trade port was established in February 8, 1999. Along with the Korean government's trends of deregulation policy, the major marine accidents at Specialty pier and Public pier, which are loading and unloading facilities for liquid dangerous substances in bulk, are the 'Tanker Wu Yi San touching pier facilities Accident' in 2014 and 'Chemical Carrier Stolt Groenland Explosion Accident' in 2019. The 'Tanker Wu Yi San touching pier facilities Accident' that occurred at specialty pier in Yeosu on January 31, 2014 was mainly caused by inappropriate piloting towards the pier but the operator's usual negligence in safety management was also part of the cause. In addition, 'Chemical Carrier Stolt Groenland Explosion Accident' that occurred at the public pier of Ulsan Port on September 28, 2019 can be confirmed the absence of legal regulations for double banking and the lack of safety management system. Many researchers reported that the reasons for 'Domestic Ferry Sewol Accident' on April 16, 2014 were faulty deregulation in ship's age standards, cronyism between interest groups, bureaucracy that led to ineffective inspection and supervision and state-controlled fares. In other words, it would seem to be the collapse of the social system, based on multi-faceted selfishness which our lifestyle bears, and lack of responsibility and honesty. In this regard, the global trend in terms of government regulation is the relaxation of economic regulations related to commercial activities of companies and the strengthening of social regulations such as environment, safety and health. It is said that national interest in the environment, safety and health usually depends on national income. Considering that the per capita national income in 2019 is about 31,250 USD, it can be said that Korea has just joined the ranks of advanced nations. From now on, the policy of the environment, safety and health of the people is an important task of the Korean government. In particular, the public's desire for safety in society has continued to increase since ใ€ŒDomestic Ferry Sewol Accidentใ€. In this respect, in order to grasp the current status and problems related to the loading and unloading of liquid dangerous substances in bulk that can cause large marine pollution accidents, and to draw improvement measures, it was reviewed from various viewpoints, especially in terms of safety regulations. From the perspective of strengthening social regulations in recent years, through the basic research on domestic industrial safety laws, developed countries' legislations, international organization's recommendation, and international industrial safety autonomous guidelines, it is intended to grasp the safety management problems of the loading and unloading of liquid dangerous substances in bulk related laws such as ใ€ŒAct on the Arrival, Departure, ETC. of Shipsใ€. In order to derive improvement measures for the identified problems, a similar sort of the Process Safety Report of the ใ€ŒOccupational Safety and Health Actใ€, the Risk Management Plan of the ใ€ŒToxic Chemical Control Actใ€, the Preventive Regulations of the ใ€ŒDangerous Goods Safety Management Actใ€ and the Safety improvement Plan of the ใ€ŒHigh Pressure Gas Safety Management Actใ€ was reviewed. As a result, the importance of strengthening the linkage of related laws for Risk Assessment and Safety Manager for liquid dangerous substances in bulk was confirmed. In addition, to meet international trends and standards for the loading and unloading operation regarding liquid dangerous substances in bulk and safety management of facilities, I reviewed the 'Terminal Safety and Practice Guidelines' in United Nations European Economic Committee, American/Japanese/Australian rule, various regulations of the International Maritime Organization and international industrial safety autonomous such as including International Safety Guidelines on Oil Tankers and Terminals, Ship-to-Ship Transport Guidelines for Oil, Chemical and Liquid Gas(2013) and drew improvement measures for the safety management system of the loading and unloading of liquid dangerous substances in bulk. Therefore, in the study of this paper, as a plan to improve the safety problem of loading or unloading liquid dangerous substances in bulk the safety management of dangerous goods I suggest to dualize into packaging dangerous goods and liquid dangerous substances in bulk and to make the safety management regulations for packaged dangerous goods and bunkering tanker remain as the Safety Management Plan under the current ใ€ŒAct on the Arrival, Departure, ETC. of Shipsใ€ and to institute the Maritime Process Safety Management System for the safety management of the loading and unloading liquid dangerous substances in bulk. The Maritime Process Safety Management System is fundamentally securing the safety of loading and unloading liquid dangerous substances in bulk through linkage between related laws on the planning, design and operation of dangerous liquid substances handling facilities such as ใ€ŒHarbor Actใ€, ใ€ŒAct on the Arrival, Departure, Etc. of Shipsใ€, ใ€ŒHarbor Transport Business Actใ€, ใ€ŒMarine Environment Management Actใ€. In addition, the system includes industrial safety regulations, such as 'Process Safety Report' in ใ€ŒOccupational Safety and Health Actใ€, 'Terminal Safety and Practice Guidelines', in United Nations European Economic Committee, and related laws in the United States, Australia and international industry safety guidelines. It can be said to be a comprehensive safety management system related to loading and unloading of liquid dangerous substances in bulk. For operating an efficient Maritime Process Safety Management System, I reviewed and proposed ways to strengthen the linkages between the amendments to laws and regulations related to the loading and unloading facilities used for liquid dangerous substances in bulk. Through this, it can be used as a preventive measure against accidents similar to the 'Stolt Groenland Explosion Accident' in Ulsan Port, in order to prevent various safety accidents occurring in the loading and unloading operation in Public pier. However, in order to strengthen safety management related to the loading and unloading liquid dangerous substances in bulk, there is a limit to achieving the goal with the law and the system alone. Fundamentally, even if it takes a long time, it should be accompanied by raising awareness of people about safety, strengthening widespread culture of safe process, fostering the spirit of entrepreneurs and managing the government's effective regulatory policies.์ œ1์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 4 ์ œ2์žฅ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  7 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ก  7 โ… . ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทœ์ œ 7 1. ์ •๋ถ€๊ทœ์ œ 7 2. ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์™€ ๊ทœ์ œ ์™„ํ™” 10 โ…ก. ์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 11 1. ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ 11 2. ์œ„ํ•ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณ„ํš์„œ 14 3. ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊ทœ์ • 15 4. ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ณ„ํš 16 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์šด์˜๊ทœ์ œ ๋ฐ ์‹œ์„ค ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 16 โ… . ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์šด์˜๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 16 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 17 2. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 17 3. ์Šน์ธ ์‹œ์˜ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์‚ฌํ•ญ 19 4. ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ ์•ˆ์ „์กฐ์น˜ 20 5. ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ํ™•์ธ 21 โ…ก. ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 22 1. ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ€๋‘ 22 2. ๊ณต์šฉ๋ถ€๋‘ 23 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ•์ƒ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  24 โ… . ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์šด์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  24 1. ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ณผ ์ œ๋„์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  24 2. ํ•˜์—ญ ์šด์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  28 โ…ก. ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  30 1. ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ€๋‘ 30 2. ๊ณต์šฉ๋ถ€๋‘ 33 3. ๊ณตํ†ต์‚ฌํ•ญ 36 ์ œ3์žฅ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ตญ์ œ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  40 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ก€ 40 โ… . ๊ตญ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ 40 1. ์œ ์—”์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒฝ์ œ์œ„์›ํšŒ 40 2. ๊ตญ์ œํ•ด์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ 45 โ…ก. ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ด์šด ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ 48 1. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ 48 2. ์ผ๋ณธ 55 3. ํ˜ธ์ฃผ 56 ์ œ2์ ˆ ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „ ์ž์œจ๊ทœ์ œ 57 โ… . ์œ ์กฐ์„  ๋ฐ ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์•ˆ์ „์ง€์นจ 57 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 57 2. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 58 โ…ก ์„์œ , ์ผ€๋ฏธ์ปฌ ๋ฐ ์•กํ™”๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ์„ ๋ฐ•๋Œ€์„ ๋ฐ• ์ด์†ก์ง€์นจ์„œ 2013 59 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 59 2. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 60 โ…ข. ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ž์œจ์ธ์ฆ์ œ๋„ 62 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 62 2. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 62 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  65 โ… . ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ก€์˜ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  65 โ…ก. ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฐ์—…์•ˆ์ „ ์ž์œจ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  67 ์ œ4์žฅ ํ•ด์ƒ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž… ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 69 ์ œ1์ ˆ ํ•ด์ƒ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž… ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ 69 โ… . ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œํ™” 69 1. ํ•˜์—ญ ์šด์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 69 2. ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค ๊ด€๋ จ ์•ˆ์ „๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 75 โ…ก. ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” 84 1. ํ•˜์—ญ ์šด์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” 84 2. ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” 86 ์ œ2์ ˆ ํ•ด์ƒ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 88 โ… . ๊ฐœ์š” 88 1. ๊ฐœ๋… 88 2. ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 91 โ…ก. ์šด์˜๋งค๋‰ด์–ผ 92 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 92 2. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 95 โ…ข. ์‹ฌ์‚ฌํ‰๊ฐ€์ œ๋„ 105 1. ๊ฐœ์š” 105 2. ์ฃผ์š” ๋‚ด์šฉ 106 ์ œ5์žฅ ํ•ด์ƒ๊ณต์ •์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋„์ž…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 109 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 109 โ… . ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ• ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 109 1. ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 109 2. ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 116 3. ์„ ๋ฐ•์ž…์ถœํ•ญ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๊ทœ์น™ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 122 โ…ก. ํ•ญ๋งŒ์šด์†ก์‚ฌ์—…๋ฒ• ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 126 1. ํ•ญ๋งŒ์šด์†ก์‚ฌ์—…๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๊ทœ์น™ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 126 2. ๋ถ€๋‘์šด์˜ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๊ณผํ‰๊ฐ€ ์—…๋ฌด์ง€์นจ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 127 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์‚ฐ์ ์•ก์ฒด์œ„ํ—˜๋ฌผ ํ•˜์—ญ ์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ํ•ด์–‘์˜ค์—ผ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 127 โ… . ํ•ญ๋งŒ๋ฒ• ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 127 1. ํ•ญ๋งŒ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 127 2. ํ•ญ๋งŒ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๊ทœ์น™ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 128 3. ๋น„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ฒญํ•ญ๋งŒ๊ณต์‚ฌ ์‹œํ–‰ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์š”๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 128 4. ๋น„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ฒญํ•ญ๋งŒ๊ณต์‚ฌ ์‹œํ–‰ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์š”๋ น [๋ณ„ํ‘œ 1] ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 129 5. ํ•ญ๋งŒ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ง€์นจ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 130 โ…ก. ํ•ด์–‘ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ• ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 130 1. ํ•ด์–‘ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 130 2. ํ•ด์–‘ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ 131 ์ œ6์žฅ ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  137 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 141Docto
    corecore