사방단위계 HoMnO3 박막내의 자기유전효과

Maste

Factors Influencing the Supportive Care Needs of Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

본 연구는 면역관문억제요법을 받는 폐암환자의 증상경험, 불안, 우울, 지지적 간호요구도를 확인하고, 지지적 간호요구도에 미치는 영향요인을 규명하고자 하였다. 면역관문억제요법을 받는 폐암환자를 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용한 서술적 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 서울시 소재 A상급종합병원에 서 2023 년 3월 17 일부터 9월 18일까지 면역관문억제요법을 받는 폐암환자 132 명을 대상으로 자료를 분석하였다. 연구 도구는 증상경험은 M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Lung Cancer(MDASI-LC)를 이용하였고, 불안과 우울은 병원 불안-우울 척도(Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale, HADS)를 사용하였으며, 지지적 간호요구도 측정도구로 Supportive Care Needs Survey 59를 이용하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 29.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대상자의 증상경험 평균은 2.33±1.89 점(10 점 만점)이며, 하위영역 중 증상경험의 정도는 평균 2.63±2.01 점, 증상이 일상생활에 주는 방해정도는 평균 2.05±1.88 점이었다. 불안 점수는 평균 6.42±3.92 점(21 점 만점), 우울 점수는 평균 7.49±3.60 점(21점 만점)으로 나타났다. 2. 대상자의 지지적 간호요구도는 평균 45.68±16.03 점(10 점 만점)이며, 영역별로는 의료체계와 정보영역이 평균 54.47±20.60 점으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 환자 간호 및 지지요구 영역 44.13±19.52 점, 심리적 요구 영역 43.10±18.39 점, 신체 및 일상생활 영역 42.90±18.28 점, 기타 요구 영역 40.61±16.89 점, 성적 요구 영역이 38.08±19.06 점 순으로 나타났다. 3. 일반적인 특성에 따른 지지적 간호요구도의 차이는 인지하는 소득 수준(F=3.263, p=.041)에 따라 차이가 나타났고, 사후분석결과 소득수준은 매우 어렵다고 응답한 대상자가 그 외의 대상자보다 높게 나타났다. 치료비 부담감(F=3.840, p=.024)에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났고, 사후분석결과 차이가 없었다. 임상 특성에 따른 지지적 간호요구도의 차이는 ECOG 활동수준(F=16.147, p<.001)에 따라 차이가 나타났고, 사후분석결과 ECOG 활동수준 0등급이 1,2등급보다 유의하게 낮았고, 1,2 등급이 3등급이상보다 유의하게 낮았다. 4. 대상자의 지지적 간호요구도는 증상경험(r=.666, p<.001), 불안(r=.648, p<.001), 우울(r=.564,p<.001)과 유의한 정적 상관관계가 나타났다. 증상경험은 불안(r=.531, p<.001), 우울(r=.527,p<.001)과 유의한 정적 상관관계가 나타났다. 5. 대상자의 지지적 간호요구도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위해 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 증상이 일상생활에 주는 방해 정도와 불안이 지지적 간호요구도에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났으며 설명력은 57.2% 였다. 본 연구를 통하여 면역관문억제요법을 받는 폐암환자의 지지적 간호요구도의 영향요인으로 증상이 일상생활에 주는 방해정도와 불안이 확인되었다. 따라서 면역관문억제요법을 받는 폐암환자의 증상경험과 불안의 정도를 조기에 사정하여 환자 개인의 간호요구도에 적합한 간호 중재를 제공해야할 것이다. 주요어: Immune checkpoint Inhibitors, Symptom Burden, Anxiety, Needs Assessment|Abstract Objective: This descriptive study aimed to assess the symptom experiences,anxiety, depression, and supportive care needs of lung cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Additionally, the study sought to identify factors influencing the impact of symptom experiences,Anxiety, and depression on supportive care needs in these patients. Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to lung cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for data collection. The study included 132 patients treated at A Hospital in Seoul from March 17, 2023, to September 18, 2023. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0. Symptom experiences were measured using the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Lung Cancer (MDASI-LC), anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale (HADS), and supportive care needs were measured using the Supportive Care Needs Survey 59. Results: The key findings of the study are as follows: 1. The average score for symptom experiences was 2.33±1.89, with subcategories indicating an average severity of 2.63±2.01 for symptom experiences and 2.05±1.88 for the interference of symptoms with daily life. The average anxiety and depression scores were 6.42 and 7.49, respectively. 2. Supportive care needs were highest in the medical system and information domain, with a score of 54.47±20.60. Other domains included patient care and support needs (44.13±19.52), psychological needs (43.10±18.39), physical and daily life needs (42.90±18.28), other needs (40.61±16.89), and sexual needs (38.08±19.06). 3. Characteristics showing differences in supportive care needs included income level (F=3.263, p=.041), where those reporting income as very difficult had higher needs than others. Significant differences were also observed in financial burden (F=3.840, p=.024), but post hoc analysis revealed no significant differences. ECOG PS (F=16.147, p<.001) showed differences, with ECOG PS 0 being significantly lower than grades 1 and 2, and grades 1 and 2 being significantly lower than grade 3 or higher. 4. Significant positive correlations were found between supportive care needs and symptom experiences (r=.666, p<.001), anxiety (r=.648, p<.001), and depression (r=.564, p<.001). Symptom experiences also had significant positive correlations with anxiety (r=.531, p<.001) and depression (r=.527,p<.001). 5. Regression analysis revealed that the interference of symptoms and anxiety were significant factors influencing supportive care needs, with an explanatory power of 57.2%. Conclusion: Higher levels of symptom interference and anxiety in lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy are associated with increased supportive care needs. Therefore, early prevention and appropriate interventions for symptom experiences and anxiety should be implemented to provide effective supportive care interventions. Keywords: Immune checkpoint Inhibitors, Symptom Burden, Anxiety, Needs Assessment.Maste

좋아하는 일과 잘하는 일: 행복한 사람의 선택

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 사회과학대학 심리학과, 2018. 8. 최인철.When making career-related decisions, do you prefer pursuing work that you love or work that you do well? Four studies provide evidence that when two intrinsic characteristics—the feeling of liking work versus the feeling of doing it well—are pitted against each other, an individuals level of happiness plays an important role in the career decision-making process. The results of Studies 1 and 2 show that happy people are holding their job because they like doing their work compared to unhappy people and putting more efforts on what they like rather than on what they are competent at. The results of Studies 3 and 4 also show that happy people prioritize the work they love over the work at which they excel, even if they were told that they would perform it poorly. Together, these findings demonstrate that happiness leads people to value doing work they like best more than doing work they do best. Our discussion focuses on the implications of this dilemma for psychological well-being and career decision-making.Introduction 1 Study 1 15 Method 15 Results and Discussion 17 Study 2 23 Method 23 Results and Discussion 24 Study 3 29 Method 29 Results and Discussion 30 Study 4 35 Method 36 Results and Discussion 37 General Discussion 42 Conclusion 49 References 50 Appendix 68 Abstract in Korean 76Maste

The Study on Ferroelectric Domain Patterns Controlled by Twin Stuctures of the Substrate

DoctorThis thesis is mainly consisted of two research topics: One is the film growth mechanism by PLD (Pulsed Laser Deposition) in terms of target-laser interaction and another is new ferroelectric domain patterns on highly elongated BiFeO3 film. Firstly, representative film growth conditions in PLD are temperature, gas partial pressure, and laser intensity. In addition, hidden growing parameter was discovered for LuFe2O4 film growth. The newly suggested growth condition is the process named as 'laser preconditioning', which is certainly necessary to be offered the proper target with component ratio of Lu and Fe closing that of original one. Dealing with the process, we have successfully fabricated epitaxial LuFe2O4 thin films of single phase on sapphire substrates from a stoichiometric target using PLD. This research reminds us of the fundamental principle of PLD in terms of the variation of the component ratio given by different volatility in elements of a target during a growth. Secondly, the strain field affects on the properties of ferroelectric which also regards as ferroelastic. Thin film form offers the strained environment to a ferroelectric bulk. The biaxial strain in between a film and a substrate is very common, here we suggest the newly type of strain on films. We demonstrate the effect of inhomogeneous strain by the buckling in highly elongated BiFeO3 film on LaAlO3 (001) substrate. In particular, the effect gives rise to huge and uniform ferroelectric domain patterns with a high regularity in contrast on those in typical FE films. The driving force for the pattern is thought to be generated from the twin structures of rhombohderal-LAO substrate. Our findings are considered as the very marvelous phenomenon showing the microscopic effect of twins of a substrate on ferroelectric film

Automatic pronunciation assessment of English produced by Korean learners using articulatory features

This paper aims to propose articulatory features as novel predictors for automatic pronunciation assessment of English produced by Korean learners. Based on the distinctive feature theory, where phonemes are represented as a set of articulatory/phonetic properties, we propose articulatory Goodness-Of-Pronunciation(aGOP) features in terms of the corresponding articulatory attributes, such as nasal, sonorant, anterior, etc. An English speech corpus spoken by Korean learners is used in the assessment modeling. In our system, learners speech is forced aligned and recognized by using the acoustic and pronunciation models derived from the WSJ corpus (native North American speech) and the CMU pronouncing dictionary, respectively. In order to compute aGOP features, articulatory models are trained for the corresponding articulatory attributes. In addition to the proposed features, various features which are divided into four categories such as RATE, SEGMENT, SILENCE, and GOP are applied as a baseline. In order to enhance the assessment modeling performance and investigate the weights of the salient features, relevant features are extracted by using Best Subset Selection(BSS). The results show that the proposed model using aGOP features outperform the baseline. In addition, analysis of relevant features extracted by BSS reveals that the selected aGOP features represent the salient variations of Korean learners of English. The results are expected to be effective for automatic pronunciation error detection, as well.N

Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Incipient in Journal Bearings - Part I : Detectability and measurement for bearing damages

일반적으로 구름 베어링 시스템에 비해 발전용 터어빈이나 내연기관 엔진과 같은 저어널 베어링을 가진 시스템은 상대적으로 대형 설비이거나 더 가혹한 운전조건에서 가동되는 경우가 많다. 이런 회전기계류에서의 베어링의 파손은 설비의 운전 중단 및 관련 설비의 파손까지도 초래할 수 있게 된다. 따라서 이로 인한 보수에 소비되는 시간 및 경제적인 손실등을 피하기 위해서는 저어널 베어링의 조기파손 감지의,역할은 매우 중요하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 음향방출 기술을 이용하여 베어링에서 발생할 수 있는 파손의 조기검출을 위해 실험실용으로 직접 제작한 저어널 베어링 시스템을 이용하여 여러 형태의 비정상 조건을 만들어 가며 실험을 행하였다. 베어링 손상 및 피로의 주 요인으로서는 윤활유 부족, 윤활층에의 이물질의 혼입, 조립 불량 등이 대표적인 원인으로서 알려져 있으며 이에 근거하여 실험 조건을 윤활유에의 이물질 혼입, 윤활유 부족, 그리고 축과 베어링간의 금속간 접촉등의 인위적인 형태로 구성하여 실험하였다. 그 결과로서 음향방출 기술이 저어널 베어링의 조기파손 감지에 매우 효과적인 도구라는 것을 입증하였다

Monitoring of Lubrication Conditions in Journal Bearing by Acoustic Emission

Systems with journal bearings generally operate in large scale and under severe loading conditions such as steam generator turbines and internal combustion engines, in contrast to the machineries using rolling element bearings. Failure of the bearings in these machineries can result in the system breakdown. To avoid the time consuming repair and considerable economic loss, the detection of incipient failure in journal bearings becomes very important. In this experimental approach, acoustic emission monitoring is employed to the detection of incipient failure caused by intervention of foreign particles most probable in the journal bearing systems. It has been known that the intervention of foreign materials, insufficient lubrication and misassembly etc. are principal factors to cause bearing failure and distress. The experiment was conducted under such designed conditions as inserting alumina particles to the lubrication layer in the simulated journal bearing system. The results showed that acoustic emission could be an effective tool to detect the incipient failure in journal bearings

IAPS

학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 테크노경영대학원, 1996.8, [ vi, 135 p. ]The auditor assignment planning process is regarded as a multi-agent multi-objective decision making problem that needs to balance between the "auditing firm``s profit and audit risk" and the "individual auditor``s preference". The balance between the firm``s profit to be optimized by linear programming model and the audit models are a highly useful forecasting method, but are deficient in the sense that they merely extrapolate past patterns in the data without taking into account the expected irregular future events. To overcome this limitation, forecasting experts in practice judgmentally adjust the statistical forecasts. Typical judgmental factors may be treated as outliers in statistical analysis. To automatic the judgmental adjustment process, neural network models are developed in this study. To collect the data for judgmental events, judgmental effects are filtered out of raw data. The main trend is captured by a neural network model using the filtered data, while judgmental effects are modeled by another neural network. Then the judgmental effects are additively adjusted. Performance of this architecture is tested in comparison with five other architectures:한국과학기술원 : 테크노경영대학원