13 research outputs found

    Inactivation of the OD314 Gene by RNA Interference in Preodontoblast Cell Lines

    No full text
    ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋Šฅ์„ ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์›ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋ถ„์ž์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๊ธฐ์ฒœ์€ ์•„์ง ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค OD3l4๋Š” ํฐ์ฅ์˜ ์น˜์•„๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์„ธํฌ๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ • ํŠนํžˆ ์„ํšŒํ™”๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ํ˜„์ €ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์•„์ฒ ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™”๊ณผ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์•”์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” OD3l4 ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ RNA 1nterference๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋‚ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋“ค์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ OD3l4์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์— ascorblc ac1d์™€ B-glycelcphosphate ์ฒญ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฝ์ ˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ํ›„ l4์ผ์— ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค 2. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ OD3l4, OC ๋ฐ DSPP mRNA๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์–‘์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ 14์ผ์—๋„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ON mRNA๋Š” ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘์›… F ๋Š” 7 ์–ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ OD3l4 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€ 17kDa์ •๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 7 ์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ l4์ผ์—๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 4. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์— OD3l4 siRNA๋ฅผ Iransfcmornํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ OD3l4, OC, ON ๋ฐ DSPP ์˜ mRNA ์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  OD3l4์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ๋˜ํ•œ OD314 S1RNA๋ฅผ transfecl1onํ•œ ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด OD3l4๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋˜๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ OD3l4์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๊ด€๋ จ์ธ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ณด์™„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. Tooth development depends on reciprocal interactions between oral epithelium and ectomesenchyme. The ectomesenchyme-derived odontoblasts secrete several collagenous and non-collagenous proteins to form a unique extracellular matrix. OD314 was obtained by subtractive hybridization between odontoblasts and osteoblast/pulp cells, and differentially or predominantly expressed in odontoblasts of rat incisors compared to osteoblasts and pulp cells. However, little is known about the function of 00314 in odontoblast differentiation. In this study, to better understand the function of OD314, we inactivated the 00314 gene in mouse MDPC23 cells using U6 promoter-driven siRNA method. After the characterization of mineralized nodule formation and molecular expression of MOPC23 cell, Inactivation effects of the 00314 were evaluated by RT-PCR and western blot. 1. Mineralized nodule formation was observed after 14 days of culture in MDPC23 cells. 2. The 00314, OC and DSPP mRNA were highly expressed throughout the cultures, while the expression of ON decreased as the MOPC23 cells differentiated. 3. The 00314 protein was weakly expressed at 7 days of culture, but increased gradually as MDPC23 cells reached mineralization stage. 4. The inactivation of 00314 by RNA interference downregulated the expressions of 00314, DSPP, OC, and ON mRNA and OD314 protein in MOPC23 cells. These results suggest that OD314 may playa important role in mineralization process of odontoblast and also regulate odontoblast-related genes such as OC, ON, and DSPP.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(R01-2003-000-10141-0)์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Œ

    Inactivation of the OD314 Gene by RNA Interference in Preodontoblast Cell Lines

    No full text
    ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋Šฅ์„ ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์›ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋ถ„์ž์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๊ธฐ์ฒœ์€ ์•„์ง ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค OD3l4๋Š” ํฐ์ฅ์˜ ์น˜์•„๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์„ธํฌ๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ • ํŠนํžˆ ์„ํšŒํ™”๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ํ˜„์ €ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์•„์ฒ ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™”๊ณผ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์•”์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” OD3l4 ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ RNA 1nterference๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋‚ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋“ค์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ OD3l4์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์— ascorblc ac1d์™€ B-glycelcphosphate ์ฒญ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฝ์ ˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ํ›„ l4์ผ์— ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค 2. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ OD3l4, OC ๋ฐ DSPP mRNA๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์–‘์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ 14์ผ์—๋„ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ON mRNA๋Š” ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘์›… F ๋Š” 7 ์–ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ OD3l4 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€ 17kDa์ •๋„์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 7 ์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ l4์ผ์—๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 4. MDPC23 ์„ธํฌ์— OD3l4 siRNA๋ฅผ Iransfcmornํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ OD3l4, OC, ON ๋ฐ DSPP ์˜ mRNA ์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  OD3l4์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ๋˜ํ•œ OD314 S1RNA๋ฅผ transfecl1onํ•œ ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด OD3l4๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋˜๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ OD3l4์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๊ด€๋ จ์ธ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ณด์™„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. Tooth development depends on reciprocal interactions between oral epithelium and ectomesenchyme. The ectomesenchyme-derived odontoblasts secrete several collagenous and non-collagenous proteins to form a unique extracellular matrix. OD314 was obtained by subtractive hybridization between odontoblasts and osteoblast/pulp cells, and differentially or predominantly expressed in odontoblasts of rat incisors compared to osteoblasts and pulp cells. However, little is known about the function of 00314 in odontoblast differentiation. In this study, to better understand the function of OD314, we inactivated the 00314 gene in mouse MDPC23 cells using U6 promoter-driven siRNA method. After the characterization of mineralized nodule formation and molecular expression of MOPC23 cell, Inactivation effects of the 00314 were evaluated by RT-PCR and western blot. 1. Mineralized nodule formation was observed after 14 days of culture in MDPC23 cells. 2. The 00314, OC and DSPP mRNA were highly expressed throughout the cultures, while the expression of ON decreased as the MOPC23 cells differentiated. 3. The 00314 protein was weakly expressed at 7 days of culture, but increased gradually as MDPC23 cells reached mineralization stage. 4. The inactivation of 00314 by RNA interference downregulated the expressions of 00314, DSPP, OC, and ON mRNA and OD314 protein in MOPC23 cells. These results suggest that OD314 may playa important role in mineralization process of odontoblast and also regulate odontoblast-related genes such as OC, ON, and DSPP.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(R01-2003-000-10141-0)์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Œ

    EXPRESSION AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ODONTOBLAST-DERIVED GENE: OD314

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    Odontoblasts are responsible for the formation and maintenance of dentin. They are known to synthesize unique gene products including dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). Another unique genes of the cells remain unclear. OD314 was isolated from the odontoblasts/pulp cells of rats and partially characterized as an odontoblast-enriched gene (Dey et al., 2001). This study aimed to elucidate the biological function of OD314, relating to odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis. After determining the open reading frame (ORP) of OD314 by transient transfection analysis using green fluorescent protein (GPP) expression vector, mRNA in-situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western analysis were performed. The results were as follows: 1. In in-situ hybridization, OD314 mRNAs were expressed in odontoblasts of developing coronal and root pulp. 2. OD314 was a novel protein encoding 154 amino acids, and the protein was mainly expressed in cytoplasm by transient transfection analysis. 3. Mineralized nodules were associated with multilayer cell nodules in the culture of human dental pulp cells and first detected from day 21 using alizarin-red S staining. 4. In RT-PCR analysis, OD314, osteocalcin (OC) and DSPP strongly expressed throughout 28 days of culture. Whereas, osteonectin (ON) mRNA expression stayed low up to day 14, and then gradually decreased from day 21. 5. Western blots showed an approximately 17 kDa band. OD314 protein was expressed from the start of culture and then increased greatly from day 21. In conclusion, OD314 is considered as an odontoblast-enriched gene and may play important roles in odontoblast differentiation and dentin mineralization.ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ

    Role of OD314 During Odontoblast Differentiation

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    ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธํฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ-ํŠน์ด ์œ ์ „์ž๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ DSPP๋Š” ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์—๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜, ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ DSPP ์ด์™ธ์˜ ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋™์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ถ„์ž์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ OD314 ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , OD314 ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฐœํ˜„๊ณผ ๋ฐœํ˜„์–ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. MDPC-23 ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ OD314 mRNA๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ 21์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์–‘ 28์ผ์—๋„ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์œ ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ธํฌํ˜•๊ด‘ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์—์„œ OD314 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ•ต์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์„ธํฌ์งˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํŠนํžˆ ํ•ต์— ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ์งˆ์—์„œ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ด€๋ จ ์œ ์ „์ž์ธ DSPP๋Š” OD314์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ์ฆ๋Œ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ON์€ OD314๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์‹œ์ผฐ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด OD314๋Š” ์ƒ์•„์งˆ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ์ž๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. Odontoblasts are responsible for the formation and maintenance of dentin which is a mineralized part in dentin-pulp complex of tooth. OD314 was obtained by subtractive hybridization between odontoblasts and osteoblast/dental papilla cells, and differentiatially expressed in the odontoblasts but not in osteoblasts and dental papilla cells. In this study, to better understand the biological function of new odontoblast-enriched gene, OD314, we examined expression of OD314 in cultured MDPC-23 cells and intracellular localization of OD314 protein. We also evaluate the effect of OD314 over-expression and inactivation on the cells by northern analysis. When MDPC-23 cells are cultured in the differentiation and mineralization medium for 28 days, OD314 mRNA expression was gradually increased from the beginning to day 21 and remained relatively high on day 28. Immunofluorescent staining of cultured MDPC-23 revealed localization of OD314 on the cytoplasm, especially near the nuclear membrane. However, a small amount of fluorescence was also observed in the nucleus. Inactivation of OD314 by RNA interference up-regulated the expression of DSPP, whereas over-expression of OD314 by CMV-OD314 plasmid down-regulated the expression of ON. These results suggest that OD314, a odontoblat-enriched gene, may play important roles in the odontoblast differentiation and dentin mineralization.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(R01-2003-000-10141-0)์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Œ

    Effect of the Nuclear Factor I-C on the formation of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath during root development

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    ์น˜์•„์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ์€ ์ƒํ”ผ-๊ฐ„์—ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์กฐ์ ˆ๋˜์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์น˜๊ด€์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ „๋‹ฌ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ ์น˜๊ทผ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์— NFI-C knock out ์ƒ์ฅ์—์„œ ์ •์ƒ์น˜๊ด€์— ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์น˜๊ทผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์น˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ NFI-C๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์น˜๊ทผ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ์ƒ์•„๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. NFI-C knock out ์ƒ์ฅ์˜ ์น˜๊ทผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋™์•ˆ์— HERS์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž cytokeratin ๋ฉด์—ญ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์น˜๊ทผ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด DSPP mRNA in-situ hybrydization๋ฒ•์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1. NFI-C knock out ์ƒ์ฅ์˜ ์น˜๊ทผํ˜•์„ฑ์‹œ HERS์˜ ์—ญํ•  Wild type๊ณผ knock out type ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ cytokeratin์€ ๋ชจ๋“  HERS ์„ธํฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , HERS์™€ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘์ƒํ”ผ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์–‘์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ธํฌ๋“ค์˜ ์—ฐ์†์„ฑ์€ ์น˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ ์†Œ์‹ค๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Knock out type์—์„œ ์น˜๊ทผ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์ด ์นจ์ฐฉ๋œ ํ›„, cytokeratin ์–‘์„ฑ-HERS ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์€ ์น˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์—ด๊ณผ ๊ทน์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 2. NFI-C knock out ์ƒ์ฅ์˜ ์น˜๊ทผ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ DSPP mRNA์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์€ wild type์—์„œ ์น˜๊ด€๊ณผ ์น˜๊ทผ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ์ƒ์•„๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, knock out type์—์„œ๋Š” ์น˜๊ด€๋ถ€์œ„ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์˜ ์ƒ์•„๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 3. NFI-C knock out ์ƒ์ฅ์˜ ์น˜๊ทผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ HERS๋Š” ์น˜๊ด€์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ™•์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์น˜๊ทผ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ์•„ ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋Š” ์‹คํŒจํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ณด์•„ NFI-C๋Š” ์น˜๊ทผํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ƒ์•„๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๋ถ„ํ™”์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. Tooth formation is a complex developmental process that is mediated through a series of reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Several signal pathways and transcription factors have been implicated in regulating molar crown development, but relatively little is known about the regulation of root development. It was reported that NFI-C knockout mice showed abnormal root formation with normal crown. The aims of this study are to elucidate how the NFI-C regulate the determine of root shape and odontoblasts differentiation. We carried out immunohistochemistry using cytokeratin to investigate the role of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath and DSPP mRNA in-situ hybridization to conform the nature of root dentin during root development in NFI-C knockout mice. Cytokeratin reacted with all the HERS cells and the continuity of cytokeratin positive cells between the HERS cells and enamel epithelium was lost in the cervical region both wild and K/O types. After root dentin deposition cytokeratin positive-HERS cells showed irregularity and loss of polarity in the cervical region in K/O type. DSPP mRNA was strongly expressed in odontoblasts of crown and root dentin in wild type mice, whereas expression of DSPP mRNA was restricted in odontoblast of crown dentin in the K/O type. During root formation in NFI-C knockout mice, HERS normally grow out of the crown but fail to induce odontoblast differentiation in root portion. These results suggest that NFI-C may play important roles in odontoblast differentiation during root dentin formation.์œ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์กฐ์„ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋…„์ œ ํ•ด์™ธํŒŒ๊ฒฌ(2001๋…„) ์ง€์›์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž„

    Immunohistochemical localization of several protein changes in periodontal ligament during tooth eruption and interdental separation of rats

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    ์น˜์•„์˜ ๋งน์ถœ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์น˜๊ฐ„์ด๊ฐœ๋กœ ์œ ๋„๋œ ์น˜์•„ ๋ฐ ์น˜์กฐ๊ณจ์˜ ํก์ˆ˜ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์น˜์ฃผ์ธ๋Œ€ ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์น˜์ฃผ์ธ๋Œ€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ฐœ์œก ์ค‘์ธ ํฐ์ฅ๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ทผ ํ˜•์„ฑ ์ „, ์น˜๊ทผ ํ˜•์„ฑ ์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ์น˜๊ทผ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋งน์ถœ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์ง ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ ์žฅ ์ค‘์ธ ํฐ์ฅ๋ฅผ 2์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ์น˜๊ฐ„ ์ด๊ฐœ์‹œ์ผœ ์กฐ์งํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์น˜์ฃผ์ธ๋Œ€ ์„ฌ์œ ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ํŠน์ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜๋ฉฐ ์น˜์ฃผ์ธ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ์„ฑ์ˆ™์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” PDLs22๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๊ณผ ์น˜์•„์™€ ์น˜์กฐ๊ณจ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด์™€ ํก์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ RANKL๊ณผ OPG์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ฉด์—ญ ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. PDLs22 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€ ์น˜๊ทผ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋ฉด์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์น˜๋‚ญ์„ธํฌ์™€ ๊ณจ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์–ด, ์น˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋งน์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ณ„์† ์œ ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์น˜๊ฐ„์ด๊ฐœ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์น˜์ฃผ์ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. RANKL์€ ์น˜๊ทผํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์•ฝํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์น˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋งน์ถœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ฆ๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์น˜๊ฐ„์ด๊ฐœ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์น˜๊ทผ๊ณผ ์น˜์กฐ๊ณจ ํก์ˆ˜๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ์น˜์ฃผ์ธ๋Œ€์„ธํฌ, ๊ณจ๋ชจ์„ธํฌ, ์น˜์ˆ˜์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ํŒŒ์น˜์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ฆ๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. OPG๋Š” ์น˜๊ทผ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์น˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋งน์ถœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์น˜์•„์™€ ์น˜์กฐ๊ณจ์˜ ํก์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. In this study, we attempt to investigate the mechanisms by which PDL cells regulate osteoclast formation and also tc know whether PDL retained their characteristic phenotype during tooth eruption and interdental separation. Rats were prepared at developmental days 21 (pre-root formation), 27(toot development), 34(advanced root formation/eruption) and at later times(adult rats). To induce severe resorption state of alveolar bone and tooth root, interdental separation with brass wire was performed between the lower first and second molars for 2 weeks in adult rats. Rat mandibles were demineralized and embedded in paraffin, and horizontal and frontal section were prepared for immuno-histochemical analysis using PDL-specific protein 22 (PDLs22), receptor activator of NFKB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) antibodies. 1. Root formation and eruption stage of tooth development. 1) PDLs22 immunolocalization was observed in tooth follicle/PDL cells and osteoblasts throught out the root formation and eruption stages of tooth development. 2) RANKL expression became stronger at eruption stage than root formation stage of tooth development. 3) Strong expression of OPG was detected in follice/PDL cells of toot formation stage but it was decreased with tooth eruption. 2. Interdental separation between lower first and second molar 1) Comparared to normal animal, multinucleated osteoclasts and odontoclasts were markedly induced in the alveolar bone and tooth root with PDL remodeling in hematoxylin-eosin section. 2) PDLs22 expression was decreased with interdental separation. 3) RANKL expression was Increased with interdental separation in PDL fibroblasts, osteoblasts, odontoclasts and it lacunae, resorting dentin, cementum and bone matrix. 4) OPG expression was slightly decreased in the PDL cells adjacent to the alveolar bone and root surface with interdental separation. These results suggested that during tooth eruption and tooth movement, RANKL and OPG in the periodontal tissues are important determinants regulating balanced alveolar bone and tooth root resorption. And it is also suggested that PDL cells retained their characteristic phenotype during tooth eruption and interdental separation except for the short period of PDL remodeling

    EXPRESSION OF OD314 DURING AMELOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION AND MATURATION

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    ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ž‘์งˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธํฌ๋กœ, ๋ฒ•๋ž‘์งˆ์˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์งˆ์„ ๋ถ„๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ•๋ž‘์งˆ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์—๋„ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์น˜์•„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋Š” ์ˆœ์ฐจ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ”ผ-๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์ ˆ๋˜๋‚˜, ๋ถ„ํ™”๋‚˜ ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ „์€ ์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ƒ์•„๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ OD314๊ฐ€ ์น˜์•„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ƒ์•„์งˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ์•„๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—๋„ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ์ฅ ํ•˜์•… ์ „์น˜์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ in-situ hybridization์— ์˜ํ•œ OD314 mRNA์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  OD314 ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ OD314์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๋ถ„ํ™” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ถ„๋น„ ์ „๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ, ๋ถ„๋น„๊ธฐ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ, ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‰ํƒ„๋ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฆ„๋ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. OD314 mRNA๋Š” ๋ถ„๋น„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ทธ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. OD314 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€ ๋ถ„๋น„ ์ „๋‹จ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ถ„๋น„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ์งˆ์— ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ธฐ์˜ ํ‰ํƒ„๋ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์ฃผ๋ฆ„๋ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๊ทผ์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์›์‹ฌ๋๋‹จ์— OD314 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ OD314๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์„ธํฌ์งˆ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ ํŠน์ง•์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. Ameloblasts are responsible for the formation and maintenance of enamel which is an epithelially derived protective covering for teeth. Ameloblast differentiation is controlled by sequential epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. However, little is known about the differentiation and maturation mechanisms. OD314 was firstly identified from odontoblasts by subtraction between odontoblast/pulp cells and osteoblast/dental papilla cells, even though OD314 protein was also expressed in ameloblast during tooth formation. In this study, to better understand the biological function of OD314 during amelogenesis, we examined expression of the OD314 mRNA and protein in various stages of ameloblast differentiation using in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The results were as follows : 1. The ameloblast showed 4 main morphological and functional stages referred to as the presecretory, secretory, smooth-ended, and ruffle-ended. 2. OD314 mRNA was expressed in secretory ameloblast and increased according to the maturation of the cells. 3. OD314 protein was not expressed in presecretory ameloblast but expressed in secretory ameloblast and maturative ameloblast. OD314 protein was distributed in entire cytoplasm of secretory ameloblast. However, OD314 was localized at the proxiamal and distal portion of the cytoplasm of smooth-ended and ruffle-ended ameloblast. These results suggest that OD314 may play important roles in the ameloblast differentiation and maturation.ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ

    EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION OF OD314, APIN PROTEIN, DURING AMELOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION AND AMELOGENESIS )

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘์งˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” OD314 ์ผ๋ช… Apin protein์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐํž ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ, in-situ hybridization์— ์˜ํ•œ OD314 mRNA ๋ฐœํ˜„๊ณผ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ์—์„œ OD314์™€ enamel matrix protein์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  OD314 ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๋ฐœํ˜„/์–ต์ œ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” construct๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘์งˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ ์ค‘์— OD314์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž RT-PCR๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. OD314 mRNA๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ค‘์ธ ์ƒ์•„๋ชจ์„ธํฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. Tuftelin์€ ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” 14์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ง€์†๋˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ ์ฐจ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Amelogenin๊ณผ enamelin์€ 7์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ ์  ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. U6-OD314 siRNA construct๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ transfectionํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ๋Š” OD314์™€ tuftelin, MMP20 mRNA ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, CMV-OD3l4๋ฅผ transfectionํ•˜์—ฌ OD314์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” OD3l4์™€ MMP20 mRNA์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๋šœ๋ ท์ด ์ฆ๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” OD314๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘๋ชจ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ๋ฒ•๋ž‘์งˆ์˜ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ํšŒํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ์ž์ž„์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. This study was aimed to elucidate the biological function of OD314 (Apin protein), which is related to ameloblast differentiation and amelogenesis. Apin protein, calcifying epithelial odontogenic (pindborg) tumors (CEOTs)-associated amyloid, were isolated from CEOTs, and has similar nucleotide sequences to OD314. We examined expression of the OD314 mRNA using in-situ hybridization during tooth development in mice. Expression of OD314 and several enamel matrix proteins were examined in the cultured ameloblast cell line up to 28 days by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification. After inactivation and over-expression of the OD314 gene in ameloblast cell lines using U6 vectordriven RNA interference and CMV-OD314 construct, RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the effect of the OD314 during amelogenesis. The results were as follows: 1. In in-situ hybridization, OD314 mRNAs were more strongly expressed in ameloblast than odontoblast. 2. When ameloblast cells were cultured in the diffcrentiation and mineralization medium for 28 days, the tuftelin mRNA expression was maintained from the beginning to day 14, and then gradually decreased to day 28. The expressions of amelogenin and enamelin were gradually decreased according to the ameloblast differentiation. 3. Inactivation of OD314 by U6-OD314 siRNA construct down-regulated the expression of OD314, MMP-20, and tuftelin, whereas over-expression of OD314 by CMV-OD314 construct up-regulated the expression of OD314 and MMP-20 without change in tuftelin. These results suggest that OD314 is considered as an ameloblast-enriched gene and may play the important roles in ameloblast differentiation and mineralization.ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์žฌ๋‹จ ํŠน์ •๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ

    Morphological Differences of the Wound Healing in Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor Knockout Mice

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    ๋ถ„๋น„๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„ํ•ดํšจ์†Œ์–ต์ œ์ œ(secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, SLPI)๋Š” ์„ธ๋ฆฐ๊ณ„์—ด์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„ํ•ด ์–ต์ œ์ œ๋กœ ์ ์•ก์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ ํ•ญ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. SLPI๋Š” ์•ฝ 12kD์˜ ๋ถ„์ž๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์•„๊ต์งˆ๊ณผ fibronectin๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์†์ƒ๋œ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์น˜์œ ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ•ด์™€ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ํŠน์ง•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์˜ ์น˜์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— Slpi ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์†๋œ ์ƒ์ฅ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•œ ํ›„ 1, 3, 5, 7์ผ์งธ์— ์กฐ์ง์„ ์ ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์  ์—ผ์ƒ‰๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋ฉด์—ญ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ RNase protection ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์น˜์œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์กฐ์งํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ƒ์ฒ˜ ์œ ๋„ ํ›„, Slpi ๊ฒฐ์† ์ƒ์ฅ์˜ ์ ์ถœ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ”ผ๋ถ€์กฐ์ง์—์„œ ํšŒ๋ณต๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ ์ƒ์ฅ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋Š๋ ธ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ผ์ฆ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, Slpi ๊ฒฐ์† ์ƒ์ฅ์—์„œ ์•„๊ต์งˆ์˜ ์นจ์ฐฉ์ด ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์กฐ์ง ์žฅ๋ ฅ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. RNase protection ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดํ† ์นด์ธ ์ค‘ TGF-ฮฒ1์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด Slpi ๊ฒฐ์† ์ƒ์ฅ์—์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด SLPI๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜ ์ƒ์ฒ˜ํšŒ๋ณต์—์„œ ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ด๋™, ์—ผ์ฆ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ธํฌ์˜ ์œ ์ž…์กฐ์ ˆ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ๋‹ค. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a serine protease inhibitor with anti-microbial properties found in mucosal fluids. At the tissue level, the ability of this 12kDa protein is to counteract the excessive degradation of functional and structural proteins such as collagen and fibronectin. Impaired healing states are characterized by excessive proteolysis and often bacterial infection, leading to the hypothesis that SLPI may have a role in this process. To investigate the role of SLPI in skin how it contributes to tissue repair, we have generated mice null for the gene encoding SLPI (Slpi), which show impaired cutaneous wound healing with increased inflammation. For the purpose of this, we have performed wound experiment in skin tissue with morphometrical analyses, immunohistochemistry, and Rnase protection assay. From these analyses, the results were that delayed healing in KO mice wounds compared to that of WT, prolonged inflammatory phase and increased TGF-ฮฒ1 in KO wounds, and lower mechanical properties in KO wounds. Taken together, SLPI may play a cruical role in cutaneous wounds healing especially in matrix reorganization that suggests the development as a clinical drug for wound healing.์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ •๋ถ€์žฌ์›(๊ต์œก์ธ์ ์ž์›๋ถ€ ํ•™์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ์„ฑ์‚ฌ์—…๋น„)์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ(R08-2003-000-10279-0)

    Differential Expression of System L Amino Acid Transporters in Wound Healing Process of Rat Skin

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    ์ƒ์ฒ˜์น˜์œ  ๊ณผ์ •์—๋Š” ๊ณ„์†์ ์ธ ์„ธํฌ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ์ฆ์‹์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜์–‘๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜์†ก์ฒด์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์†ก๊ณ„ L์€ ์ค‘์„ฑ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜์†กํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธํฌ๋ง‰ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋กœ์„œ ์ข…์–‘์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ ์ค‘์„ฑ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ฃผ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์†ก๊ณ„๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚จ ํฐ์ฅ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์น˜์œ  ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์†ก๊ณ„ L์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์–‘์ƒ ๋ฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์ผ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—์„œ ์ผ์ •๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์œกํ•œ ํฐ์ฅ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„, 12์‹œ๊ฐ„, 1์ผ, 3์ผ, 5์ผ, 7์ผ์งธ์— ์กฐ์ง์„ ์ ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ญ์ „์‚ฌ-์ค‘ํ•ฉํšจ์†Œ ์—ฐ์‡„๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ ๋ฉด์—ญ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ถ„์„ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์น˜์œ  ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์†ก๊ณ„ L์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. LAT1์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์€ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์œ ๋ฐœ ํ›„ 12์‹œ๊ฐ„์งธ์— ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 1์ผ, 3์ผ, 5์ผ ๋ฐ 7์ผ์งธ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์ ์ฐจ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค. LAT2์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์€ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์œ ๋ฐœ ํ›„ 1์ผ๊ณผ 3์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 5์ผ๊ณผ 7์ผ์งธ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์ ์ฐจ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ์„œ ์ค‘์„ฑ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ์‚ฐ ์ˆ˜์†ก๊ณ„ L ์ค‘, LAT1์€ ์„ธํฌ์†์ƒ ํ›„ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์น˜์œ ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, LAT2๋Š” ์ƒ์ฒ˜์น˜์œ  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ ์ฐจ ์ •์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ค‘๊ธฐ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค.ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผํ•™์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(R01-2005-000-10135-0
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