266 research outputs found

    ์Œ์ด์˜จ๊ณ„ ๊ณ„๋ฉดํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ์ œ์กฐ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ™”ํ•™์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2021. 2. ์˜ค์ค€ํ•™.์šฉ์•ก ๊ณต์ •์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ณ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ์กฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฉ๋งค์˜ ๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜๋ฏนํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ฆ๋ฐœ์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ํฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Œ์ด์˜จ๊ณ„ ๊ณ„๋ฉดํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒจ๊ฐ€์ œ ๊ณต๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚ฉ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ์— ์Œ์ด์˜จ๊ณ„ ๊ณ„๋ฉด ํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํšจ์œจ๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์Œ์ด์˜จ๊ณ„ ๊ณ„๋ฉดํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ์šฉ์•ก์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์žฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผฐ๊ณ , ๊ธฐํŒ๊ณผ์˜ ์นœํ™”๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์—ฌ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€, ์Œ์ด์˜จ์€ ๋‚ฉ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ํŒจ์‹œ๋ฒ ์ด์…˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ฉ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ์Œ์ด์˜จ๊ณ„ ๊ณ„๋ฉดํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์กฐํ•œ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€๋Š” ํšจ์œจ 17.21%๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์กด ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€ ๋Œ€๋น„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋œ ์ด๋ ฅ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Œ์ด์˜จ๊ณ„ ๊ณ„๋ฉดํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ์˜ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์Œ์ด์˜จ๊ณ„ ๊ณ„๋ฉดํ™œ์„ฑ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ธŒ์Šค์นด์ดํŠธ ํƒœ์–‘ ์ „์ง€์˜ ์ƒ์šฉํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.Controlling the crystal growth in the solution process is the most effective way to achieve high efficiency and high stability perovskite solar cells. However, the dynamic and rapid evaporation of the solvent makes it difficult to realize the high performance devices. In this study, an additive engineering using anionic surfactant was developed to boost the performance of perovskite solar cells. The efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells were greatly increased by adding anionic surfactants to the lead halide-based perovskite. The anionic surfactants reduced the surface tension of the perovskite solution and increased the affinity with the substrate, enhancing the crystal growth of perovskite. Furthermore, the negative ions significantly improved the optical performance of lead-based perovskites by passivating uncoordinated lead defects. The perovskite solar cells with the anionic surfactants showed the reliable efficiency of 17.21%, exhibiting greatly reduced the hysteresis phenomenon which was commonly seen in perovskite solar cells. In addition, the addition of anionic surfactant increased the stability in both air and water. This method could be suggested as an effective way for commercialization of perovskite solar cells.Table of Contents Abstract I Table of Contents II List of Figures and Tables III Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Perovskite Solar Cells 1.2 Surfactants 1.3 Background of Research Chapter 2. Experimental 9 2.1 Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells 2.2 Mesurements Chapter 3. Results and Discussions 15 3.1 Characterization of Perovskite Films 3.2 Device Performance and Characterization 3.3 Stability Test of the Devices Chapter 4. Conclusion 28 References 29 Abstract in Korean 35 Acknowledgements 36Maste

    3์ฐจ์› ํ˜•์ƒ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์„ ๋ฐ•์šฉ์ ‘๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ถœ

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    These days, shipbuilding companies are making an effort to adopt the IT technology in order to improve the production efficiency. One such effort is to utilize a planning and scheduling system to predict the production cost in advance. In this system, assessing the welding material quantity is an important factor. Unfortunately, obtaining the welding material quantity in the early design stage is extremely difficult because the detailed production information, which is essential in deriving the cost associated with welding, is normally available at a later stage. This paper aims at developing a computerized program that produces an index to estimate the welding material quantity in the early design stage. By using only three-dimensional geometric information, the program analyzes the production process and estimates the welding material quantity at any design or production stage when no production information is available. The results can be used for the planning and scheduling system.1. Introduction 2. Integrated Manufacturing Execution System 2.1 Overview 2.2 Functions 2.3 Reference Information System 2.3.1 WBS 2.3.1.1 Introduction 2.3.1.2 Composition 2.3.1.3 Purposes 2.3.1.4 Application and Utilization 3. Development Tools 3.1 Introduction 3.2 OPEN CASCADE 3.2.1 Structure 3.2.1.1 Foundation Classes 3.2.1.2 Modeling Data 3.2.1.3 Modeling Algorithms 3.2.1.4 Visualization 3.2.1.5 Data Exchange 4. Overall Program Structure 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Class Structure 4.2 Output Screen 5. Main Functions of welding material quantity Estimation 5.1 Shape Information Input 5.2 Extraction of Welding Seam 5.3 Determination of Joint Type 5.4 Establishment of Assembly Stage 5.5 Determination of Welding Posture 5.6 Calculation of Leg Length 5.7 Determination of Welding Methods 5.8 Determination of Improved Shape 5.9 Calculation of Pass Number 5.10 Estimation of Material Quantity 6. Example 7. ConclusionsMaste

    ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ „ ๋ฐฑ์„œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ JNK ์–ต์ œ์ œ์™€ HDAC ์–ต์ œ์ œ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์Œ๊ฒฝํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด ์„ธํฌ๊ณ ์‚ฌ, ์„ฌ์œ ํ™” ์–ต์ œ์™€ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ํ˜ธ์ „

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2022. 8. ์†ํ™˜์ฒ .Introduction The main pathophysiologic conditions of erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy are considered to be corporal fibrosis and apoptosis induced by cavernosal nerve (CN) injury. In a rat model of CN crush injury (CNCI), we investigated whether combination treatment with JNK inhibitor (JNKi), SP600125, and HDAC inhibitor (HDACi), suberoylanilide-hydroxamic-7 acid (SAHA), for 2 weeks after CNCI would restore erectile function by suppressing fibrosis and apoptosis through normalization of JNK and HDAC pathways. Materials and methods Seventy 12-week-old rats were randomly divided into five groups: Sham surgery, CNCI alone, CNCI treated with daily intraperitoneal injection of 10mg/kg JNKi, CNCI treated with daily oral administration of 25.0mg/kg HDACi, and CNCI daily treated with a combination. Two weeks after CNCI, we investigated the erectile response to electrostimulation and conducted histological staining, caspase-3 activity assay, and western blot analysis. Results CNCI alone resulted in significantly reduced intracavernosal pressure (ICP)/mean arterial pressure (MAP) and area under the curve/MAP, decreased smooth muscle (SM)/collagen ratio and SM content, higher caspase-3 activity, and increased protein levels of total HDAC3, TGF-ฮฒ, fibronectin, and c-Jun phosphorylation, compared with the Sham surgery. The CNCI groups exposed to JNKi, HDACi or both showed improvements in erectile-responses and SM/collagen ratio, compared to the CNCI alone. The combined treatment showed additional improvement in erectile responses at 1.0V stimulation and in SM/collagen ratio compared to the single agent treatment. SM content, caspase-3 activity and c-Jun phosphorylation improved in the two CNCI groups exposed to JNKi. The two CNCI groups exposed to HDACi showed normalization of protein levels of HDAC3, fibronectin and TGF-ฮฒ. Conclusions The combined administration of JNKi and HDACi during the acute phase after CNCI in rats can preserve erectile dysfunction by suppressing cavernosal fibrosis and apoptosis by normalizing the HDAC/TGF-ฮฒ and JNK pathways.๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์„œ๋ก  ๊ทผ์น˜์  ์ „๋ฆฝ์„  ์ ์ถœ์ˆ  ํ›„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ „์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ‘ํƒœ์ƒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ์ค‘ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์†์ƒ์ด ์Œ๊ฒฝํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์˜ ์„ฌ์œ ํ™” ๋ฐ ์„ธํฌ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ „ ๋ฐฑ์„œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ JNK์–ต์ œ์ œ (SP600125)์™€ HDAC์–ต์ œ์ œ (suberoylanilide-hydroxamic-7 acid)๋ฅผ 2์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์Œ๊ฒฝํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์˜ ์„ฌ์œ ํ™” ์–ต์ œ ๋ฐ ์„ธํฌ๊ณ ์‚ฌ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ ฅ์„ ํšŒ๋ณต์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 12์ฃผ๋ น์˜ ์›…์„ฑ Sprague-Dawley ๋ฐฑ์„œ 70๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 5๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด 2์ฃผ ๊ฐ„ ์‹คํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๊ตฐ (๊ตฐ๋‹น 14๋งˆ๋ฆฌ)์€ 1) Sham ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ, 2) ์–‘์ธก ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ๊ตฐ, 3) ์–‘์ธก ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ ์งํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 10mg/kg JNK์–ต์ œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์ผ 1ํšŒ ๋ณต๊ฐ• ๋‚ด ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ, 4) ์–‘์ธก ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ ์งํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 25mg/kg HDAC์–ต์ œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์ผ 1ํšŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ตฐ, 5) ์–‘์ธก ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ ์งํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 10mg/kg JNK์–ต์ œ์ œ ์ผ์ผ 1ํšŒ ๋ณต๊ฐ• ๋‚ด ํˆฌ์—ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 25mg/kg HDAC์–ต์ œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์ผ 1ํšŒ ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๊ตฐ์„ 2์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ตฐ๋‹น 7๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฐฑ์„œ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ท ๋™๋งฅ์••์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด๋‚ด์••์˜ ๋น„ (ICP/MAP)์™€ ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด๋‚ด์••์˜ ๊ณก์„ ์˜ ๋น„ (AUC/MAP)์ธก์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 7๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ ์ถœํ•œ ์Œ๊ฒฝ์กฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ Massonโ€™s trichrome ์—ผ์ƒ‰, ๋ฉด์—ญํ™”ํ•™ ์—ผ์ƒ‰, Caspase-3 ํ™œ์„ฑ ์–ด์„ธ์ด, Western blot ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์–‘์ธก ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ๊ตฐ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๊ทน ์‹œ ICP/MAP์™€ AUC/MAP ๊ฐ์†Œ, ํ‰ํ™œ๊ทผ/์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ ๋น„์œจ ๊ฐ์†Œ, ํ‰ํ™œ๊ทผ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ์†Œ, Caspase-3 ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, HDAC3 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, TGF-ฮฒ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, fibronectin ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, c-Jun ์ธ์‚ฐํ™” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์ด Sham ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ฒฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ตฐ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‘, ํ‰ํ™œ๊ทผ/์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ ๋น„์œจ์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์ „์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ตฐ์€ ๋‹จ๋…์ œ์ œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ตฐ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด 1.0V์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ ํ‰ํ™œ๊ทผ/์ฝœ๋ผ๊ฒ ๋น„์œจ์—์„œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํ˜ธ์ „์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. JNK์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋œ ๊ตฐ๋“ค์€ ํ‰ํ™œ๊ทผ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰, Caspase-3 ํ™œ์„ฑ, c-Jun ์ธ์‚ฐํ™”์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์ „์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. HDAC์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋œ ๊ตฐ๋“ค์€ HDAC3, TGF-ฮฒ, fibronectin ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ •์ƒํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒ ๋ฐฑ์„œ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ JNK์–ต์ œ์ œ์™€ HDAC์–ต์ œ์ œ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” HDAC/TGF-ฮฒ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์™€ JNK ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ •์ƒํ™”ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ•ด๋ฉด์ฒด์˜ ์„ฌ์œ ํ™”์™€ ์„ธํฌ๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํšŒ๋ณต์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.Abstract i Contents iii List of Figures or Tables v Introduction 1 Prostate cancer and advances in radical prostatectomy 1 Erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy 2 Nerve-sparing prostatectomy and penile rehabilitation 2 The pathophysiology of post-RP ED 3 Targeted apoptosis and fibrosis pathways to prevent cavernosal veno-occlusive dysfunction 4 Purpose of study 5 Materials and Methods 7 Animals and study design 7 Preparing tissues for evaluation 8 Erectile function evaluation 9 Histologic evaluation of fibrosis 9 Histologic evaluation of apoptosis 10 Caspase-3 activity assay to determine the degree of apoptosis 10 Western blot analysis to evaluate the protein expression level of each target pathway 11 Statistical analysis 13 Results 15 Effect of combined treatment with JNK inhibitor and HDAC inhibitor on erectile function in nerve-injured rats 15 Effect of combined treatment with JNK inhibitor and HDAC inhibitor on structural alterations of the corpus cavernosum in nerve-injured rats 15 Effect of combined treatment with JNK inhibitor and HDAC inhibitor on JNK-driven or HDAC pathways related to cavernosal apoptosis or fibrosis 16 Correlation between histological improvements and improvements of protein markers related to apoptosis or fibrosis 17 Discussion 35 Main findings of this study 35 The HDAC pathway and the role of HDAC inhibitors in corporal fibrosis 36 The JNK pathway and the role of JNK inhibitors in corporal apoptosis 38 Combination therapy of JNK inhibitor and HDAC inhibitor for restoration of erectile function 39 Limitations of this study 40 Conclusions 42 References 43 Abstract in English 51๋ฐ•

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ, 2018. 2. ์†์ •๋ ฌ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์žฌ์กฐ์งํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋„์‹œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ด€์ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฒกํ„ฐ์˜ค์ฐจ์ˆ˜์ •๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋žœ์ € ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‹œ๊ณ„์—ด๋ถ„์„์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์กฐ์งํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์ด์• ๋”• ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ถ„์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ์ข… ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์ฒ ๋„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ™”๋ฌผ์šด์†ก์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„๋กœ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ํ™”๋ฌผ์šด์†ก์ฒด๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ˆ˜์†ก๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์šด์†ก ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ˆ˜์†ก๋นˆ๋„์™€ ์ ์‹œ ์šด์†ก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ ค์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋„๋กœํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ 2์ฐจ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ 3์ฐจ์‚ฐ์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ค‘ํ™”ํ•™๊ณต์—…๊ณผ ๋„์†Œ๋งค์—…์ด ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ํ™”๋ฌผ์œ ๋ฐœ์›์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ „๋ฌธ ์œ ํ†ต๋ง ํ˜น์€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋„๋กœํ™”๋ฌผ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์‚ฐ์—…๋ถ€๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ด ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๊ฒฌ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ž…์ด ์„ ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ˆ˜์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์›๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น๋ถ€๋ฌธ์ด ์ˆ˜์ž…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณต์—… ์ œํ’ˆ ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ž„๊ฐ€๊ณตํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ, ํ˜„์žฌ IT์ œํ’ˆ ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ „์ฒด ํ™”๋ฌผ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„์ธต์„ฑ์€ ์„œ์šธ์˜ ์ˆ˜์œ„์„ฑ์ด ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€๋ฐฉ ๋Œ€๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ  ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ถŒ์—ญ์ด ์ถ•์†Œ๋˜๊ณ  ์„œ์šธ๊ณผ ์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ค‘์†Œ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์˜ ์ง์ ‘์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋šœ๋ ทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„๋˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทผ์ ‘์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ, ์ˆ˜์ถœํ’ˆ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ •๋„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ž…์ง€ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ํ†ต๋ง์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํšจ์œจ์  ์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์†ก์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ํ™”์ฃผ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ™”๋ฌผ์šด์†ก ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€์™€ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์™ธ๋ถ€ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ•ด๋‹น์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ง€์—ญ๋‚ด ์šด์†ก์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ 3์ฐจ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋„์†Œ๋งค์—… ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ๊ณต์—…์ด ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ง“๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ฐ„์žฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ ์ธ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ ๋ถ€๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์งˆ์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์‹œ๋„ˆ์ง€(ํด๋Ÿฝ)ํ˜• ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋™์ผ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ด ์ž…์ง€ํ•ด์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์œ ํ†ต๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ƒ์—…์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํŒ๋งค๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์™€ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ด์งˆ์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๋ฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณด์™„(์›น)ํ˜• ํ˜น์€ ์œ„๊ณ„ํ˜• ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์งˆ์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ณด์™„ํ˜• ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ ํ˜น์€ ํŠน์ • ์ž์›์ด ๋งค์žฅ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์ธต์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์œ„๊ณ„ํ˜• ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ์œ„์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐฉ์  ํ๋ฆ„์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋“ฏ์ด, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ณ„์—ด ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ์ž…์ง€ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ด์„์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•™์ˆ ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€์™€ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์™ธ๋ถ€ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜•ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ œ1์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 1.1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 1.2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 3 1.3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์ œ ๋ฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ 4 1.4. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 ์ œ2์žฅ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 9 2.1. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 9 2.1.1. ๊ฒฝ์ œํ™œ๋™์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒํ™”์™€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฌํŽธ 9 2.1.2. ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์˜๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ 11 2.1.3. ๋„์‹œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ด€๋ จ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 14 2.2. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์žฌํŽธ 16 2.2.1. ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 17 2.2.2. ์šด์†ก ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 19 2.2.3. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 22 2.3. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฌ์กฐ์ง 25 2.3.1. ์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋„์†Œ๋งค์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€ ์š”์ธ 25 2.3.2. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€ ์š”์ธ 29 2.3.3. ๋„์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์žฌํŽธ๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™” 31 2.4. ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ํ•ด์„ 34 2.4.1. ๋„์‹œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ฐœ๋…์˜ ๋„์ž… 35 2.4.2. ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ 36 2.4.3. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 37 2.5. ๊ธฐ์กด ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ํ‹€ 40 ์ œ3์žฅ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์žฌํŽธ๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 43 3.1. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 43 3.1.1. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 43 3.1.2. ์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ณผ ๋„์†Œ๋งค์—… ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 45 3.2. ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ž… ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 50 3.2.1. ์ˆ˜์ถœ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 50 3.2.2. ์ˆ˜์ž…๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 55 3.2.3. ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ž… ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ตญ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 58 3.3. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 60 3.3.1. ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์ˆ˜์š”์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 60 3.3.2. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 63 3.4. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ํ™”๋ฌผ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰ ๋ณ€ํ™” 67 3.4.1. ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 68 3.4.2. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 75 3.4.3. ์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 84 3.4.4. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๋ฌผ๋™๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„ 91 3.5. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 105 ์ œ4์žฅ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฌํŽธ๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์žฅ 107 4.1. ์ „๊ตญ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 107 4.1.1. ํ™”๋ฌผํ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ ๊ณ„์ธต์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 107 4.1.2. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™” 114 4.2. ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ž…์ง€ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์žฅ 122 4.2.1. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋‚ด ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ 125 4.2.2. ์‹œ๊ตฐ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์œจ๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ 129 4.2.3. ์‹œ๊ตฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์—ฌ๋ถ€/์ •๋„์™€ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ 134 4.2.4. ์‹œ๊ตฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์œจ ์ฆ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ถ€ํšจ๊ณผ 148 4.3. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 152 ์ œ5์žฅ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ 155 5.1. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 155 5.1.1. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ์กด์žฌ์™€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ 156 5.1.2. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ณ„์ธต์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 157 5.2. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ์žฅ๊ทœ๋ชจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ์ •๋„ 160 5.2.1. 2005๋…„ ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ž ์žฌ์  ์‹œ์žฅ๊ทœ๋ชจ์™€ ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ์ •๋„ 162 5.2.2. 2014๋…„ ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์ž ์žฌ์  ์‹œ์žฅ๊ทœ๋ชจ์™€ ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ์ •๋„ 167 5.3. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 176 5.3.1. 2005๋…„ ์‹œ๊ตฐ๊ตฌ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 176 5.3.2. 2014๋…„ ์‹œ๊ตฐ๊ตฌ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 179 5.3.3. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ตฌ์กฐ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 183 5.4. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„ ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 188 5.4.1. 2005๋…„ ์‹œ๊ตฐ๊ตฌ ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 189 5.4.2. 2014๋…„ ์‹œ๊ตฐ๊ตฌ ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 191 5.4.3. ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ๋ณด์™„์„ฑ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 196 5.5. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ 202 ์ œ6์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  205 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 208 Abstract 229Docto

    ๋ธ”๋กํ˜• ์ดˆ๊ณ ์˜จ๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ๋…ธ์‹ฌ ์œ ๋™ํ•ด์„ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ฝ”๋“œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2017. 8. ๋ฐ•๊ตฐ์ฒ .The core of the prismatic very high temperature reactor (VHTR) consists of hexagonal prismatic fuel blocks and reflector blocks made of graphite. Therefore, there are interstitial gaps between blocks and the gap varies during core cycles due to the neutron-induced shrinkage of the graphite. If the core bypass flow ratio increases, the coolant channel flow is decreased and can then lower the heat removal efficiency, resulting in a locally increased fuel block temperature. Moreover, variations in the size of the gap increase the uncertainty of the core flow distribution. Recently, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has received a great deal of attention as a method for understanding the flow behavior in the VHTR core. However, the large computational cost and time required to implement CFD codes simulating the entire core hinder their application to analysis of the gap effect. An alternative technique is the utilization of a system code, which uses lumped parameter model. The system code has advantages in computational time and cost but, the accuracy is relatively low. Therefore, to analyze flow distribution in the core of VHTR effectively, the flow network analysis code named FastNet (Flow Analysis for Steady-state Network) which uses looped network analysis method was developed in this study. The flow network analysis code presents flow paths as a network of flow resistances, and thus requires the precise relation between the pressure loss and flow rate in given geometry. In the VHTR core, there are three types of flow paths: coolant channel, bypass gap, and cross gap. The coolant channel and the bypass gap can be analyzed using equations that relate the head loss due to friction along given length of channel. However, the relation between the pressure loss and flow rate at the cross gap cannot be analyzed easily because of its complex geometry. Moreover, the cross gap complicates the flow distribution in the connecting flow path between the coolant channel and bypass gap. For these reasons, the cross flow in the VHTR core was studied experimentally to enhance the calculation accuracy of the flow network code using the correlation of the cross flow loss coefficient. Thus, a cross flow experimental facility was constructed to investigate the cross flow phenomena in the core of the VHTR and a series of experiments were carried out under varying flow rates and gap sizes. The results of the experiments were compared with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis results in order to verify its prediction capability for the cross flow phenomena. Good agreement was seen between experimental results and CFD predictions and the local characteristics of the cross flow were investigated. Based on the calculation results, a correlation of pressure loss coefficient across the cross gap was developed and the developed correlation was implemented in FastNet. For heat transfer analysis, since the FastNet allocates 6 cells for one fuel block, the effective thermal conductivity (ETC) model was adopted. In this model, the thermal conductivities of all components in the multiple medium are homogenized to a single ETC in conjunction with the contribution of the radiation heat transfer. Moreover, the maximum fuel temperature model using unit cell was implemented to predict the highest temperature of fuel in a cell. For verification and validation of FastNet, the calculation results were compared with CFD analysis results and experiments data. At first, flow network analysis capability was validated with the SNU multi-block experiment. Then, a single column analysis was simulated and compared with CFD analysis and CORONA calculation results. Finally, a whole core simulation was conducted to evaluate the calculation performance of FastNet and the simulation results were compared with results of CFD analysis and CORONA calculation. FastNet shows the fast calculation speed as well as reliable calculation results. From the V&V results, it can be concluded that FastNet can provide reliable predictions on flow distribution and temperature distribution in the core of prismatic VHTR. Therefore, it is expected that FastNet can contribute to assure the core thermal margin.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.1.1 The Core of Very High Temperature Reactor 1 1.1.2 Studies on Bypass flow and Cross flow in the Core of VHTR 2 1.1.3 T/H Analysis Methods for the Prismatic VHTR Core 3 1.2 Objectives and Scope 4 Chapter 2. Development of FastNet 10 2.1 Governing Equations 10 2.1.1 Conservation of Mass 11 2.1.2 Conservation of Momentum 12 2.2 Application of Linear Theory Method 12 2.3 Flow Network Modeling 14 2.3.1 Looped Network Analysis for Simple Loop 14 2.3.2 Looped Network Analysis for 3-D Network 16 2.3.3 Determination of Flow Resistance 18 Chapter 3. Cross Flow Experiment 35 3.1 Review of Existing Studies on Cross Flow 36 3.1.1 Groehns Experimental Study 37 3.1.2 Kaburakis Experimental and Numerical Study 37 3.2 CFD Analysis and Assessment for Cross Flow Phenomena with Groehns Experiments 39 3.2.1 Description of Groehns Experimental Study 39 3.2.2 CFD Modeling 40 3.2.3 CFD Analysis Results 41 3.3 Cross Flow Experiment for the Core of GT-MHR 44 3.4 CFD Simulation of Cross Flow Experiment 47 3.4.1 Kaburakis Experimental and Numerical Study 48 3.4.2 Results of the CFD Calculation Validation 49 3.4.3 Pressure Loss Coefficient 51 3.5 Correlation of Cross Flow Loss Coefficient for GT-MHR Core 52 Chapter 4. Heat Transfer Modeling in FastNet 87 4.1 Governing Equations 87 4.2 Effective Thermal Conductivity Model 89 4.3 Maximum Fuel Temperature Model 91 4.4 Procedure of FastNet 94 Chapter 5. Verification and Validation of FastNet 110 5.1 Validation of Flow Network Model 110 5.2 Code to Code Validation 112 5.2.1 Single Column Analysis 112 5.2.2 Whole Core Analysis 113 5.3 Whole Core Analysis 113 Chapter 6. Conclusions 141 6.1 Summary 141 6.2 Recommendations 142 Nomenclature 144 References 146 Appendix A. Uncertainty Analysis for the Cross Flow Experiment 153 Appendix B. Flow Direction Dependency of Cross Flow Loss Coefficient 158 Appendix C. Friction Factor Model Sensitivity Test 161 Appendix D. y+ Sensitivity Test for Gamma-Theta Model 165 ๊ตญ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ๋ก 175Docto

    ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉด์—ญ๊ฐ์ž‘ ํ›„ T์„ธํฌ์˜ Foxp3+์„ธํฌ์™€ IL-17+ ์„ธํฌ๋กœ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ์ฆ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 8. ํ•˜์ข…์›.์„œ๋ก : T ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๋ฉด์—ญ๋ฐ˜์‘์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ • ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์€ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด ๋“ค ์ค‘ Treg(CD4+CD25+Foxp3+)์„ธํฌ์™€ Th17(CD4+CD25+IL-17+)์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ฉด์—ญ๋ฐ˜์‘์˜ ์–ต์ œํ™” ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ์ด๋‹ค. Treg์„ธํฌ์™€ Th17์„ธํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์ ์ธ ์–ต์ œ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฉด์—ญ๊ด€์šฉ์˜ ์œ ๋„๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ์„ธํฌ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: C57BL/6 ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค์˜ ๋น„์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ CD4+CD25- T ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. BALBc ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค์˜ ๋น„์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฆผํ”„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ›„ ๋™์ข…๋ฉด์—ญ์ž๊ทน์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์‘๋‹ต์„ธํฌ(C57BL/6) : ์ž๊ทน์„ธํฌ(BALBc)์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ 1:4๋กœํ•˜์—ฌ CO2 ๋ฐฐ์–‘๊ธฐ์—์„œ 37โ„ƒ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์€ Mycofenolate mofe-til(10 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml, 1000 ng/ml), Tacrolimus, Sirolimus(1 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml)์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์ง€์—์„œ ์„ธํฌ๋ฐฐ์–‘์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ตฐ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ IL-2, TGF-ฮฒ ๋ฅผ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ Treg์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ๊ณผ TGF-ฮฒ, IL-6, neutral INF-ฮณ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  IL-4๋ฅผ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ Th17์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋Š” ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค. Treg์„ธํฌ๋Š” 3์ผ Th17์„ธํฌ๋Š” 5์ผ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ํ›„ Foxp3, RORฮณ-T, IL-17์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์œ ์„ธํฌ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: Mycofenolatge mofetil์€ ๋†๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Treg์„ธํฌ์™€ Th17์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์–ต์ œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ 1000 ng/ml๊ตฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์–ต์ œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Tacrolimus๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋†๋„์—์„œ ๋‘ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹จ ์•ฝ์ œ์˜ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ ์„ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ง€์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Treg์„ธํฌ์ด ๋ถ„ํ™”์–ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์–ต์ œ์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๊ณ  ํŠนํžˆ Treg์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. Sirolimus๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋‘ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์–ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. Sirolimus๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ฆ์‹์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๊ตฌ์„ธํฌ๋น„์œจ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก : Mycofenolate Mofetil ๊ณผ Tacrolimus๋Š” ๋ฉด์—ญ๊ฐ์ž‘ ํ›„ T์„ธํฌ์˜ Treg์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ Th17์„ธํฌ๋กœ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™” ๋ฐ ์ฆ์‹์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ tacrolimus๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์˜ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์—ฐํ•˜๋ฉด Treg์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ์ด ๋™์‹œ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ์˜ ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฉด์—ญ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด sirolimus๋Š” ๋‘ ์„ธํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ต์ œํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ„ํ™”์™€ ์ฆ์‹์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฉด์—ญ์–ต์ œ์ œ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” sirolimu๊ฐ€ Treg๋ฐ Th17์„ธํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง์ ‘ ์–ต์ œ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฉด์—ญ๊ด€์šฉ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹œํ—˜๊ด€ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์ฒด ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.์ดˆ ๋กโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..i ๋ชฉ ์ฐจโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.iii ํ‘œ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋ชฉ์ฐจโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆโ€ฆ..iv Regends of figuresโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆiv ์„œ ๋ก โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ1 ์‹คํ—˜๋ชฉ์ โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆ7 ์‹คํ—˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ...โ€ฆ8 ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ14 ๊ณ  ์ฐฐโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ29 ๊ฒฐ ๋ก โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.37 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.38 ์ดˆ๋ก(์˜๋ฌธ)โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..46 โ€ƒ Regends of figures Fig. 1) Differenciation of Foxp3+ cells in 0h groupโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ19 Fig. 2) Differenciation of Foxp3+ cells in 24h groupโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ...20 Fig. 3) Differenciation of RORr-t+ cells in 0h groupโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆ....21 Fig. 4) Differenciation of RORr-t+ cells in 24h groupโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ22 Fig. 5) Differenciation of IL-17A+ cells at 0hโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..23 Fig. 6) Differenciation of IL-17A+ cells at 24hโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ24 Fig. 7) Precursor frequency ratio of RORr-T+ cell proliferationโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.25 Fig. 8) Precursor frequency ratio of IL-17+ cell proliferationโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.26 Fig. 9) Expression of FoxP3+ T cell and IL-17+ T cell in TGF-ฮฒ with immunosuppressantsโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ........27 Fig. 10) Expression of FoxP3+ T cell and IL-17+ T cell in TGF-ฮฒ + IL-6 with immunosuppressantsโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ... 28Docto

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    ํ•ต์‹ฌ๊ต์–‘๊ณผ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ T.A.๋กœ ํ™œ๋™ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์“ฐ๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์ž ์—ญ์‹œ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ž”์œ ๋ฌผ์„ ํ„ธ์–ด ๋‚ธ ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋ณธ๋‹ค

    ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ์ค€์ˆ˜ ๋น„์šฉ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ฑด์„คํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2019. 2. ์ •์ฐฝ๋ฌด.The floor area ratio regulation is a mean of implementing density regulation in urban planning. The regulation of the floor area ratio which determines the density of the building is justified by the effect of improving the quality of the urban environment as a means of controlling overcrowding. As for the volume ratio regulation, it is questioned whether the efficiency of regulatory compliance is consistently higher than that of regulatory compliance. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the volume rate regulation, which has a significant effect on the housing price constraint, has a considerable effect on apartment prices. In Seoul, where the volume rate regulation is expected to have a restrictive effect, the volume ratio regulation inevitably hinders the supply of housing. If residential demand is not fulfilled due to lack of supply due to the regulation, individual house prices in the housing market will bear the cost of compliance. The hedonic price per area of the house can be judged as a major signal to determine the cost of compliance. The meaning of the hedonic price per area of the house is the cost required to own the residential unit area in the region. If the cost is large enough to offset the construction cost, then the profits are left, the housing supply should be done naturally. However, if the supply for housing is not sufficient due to the upper limit of the floor area ratio, the hedonic price per housing area will rise. The purpose of this study is to construct the variables that affect the demand and supply of the housing such as housing stock and residence demand (by gravity model) and compare the hedonic price per area. Effects of the interaction term on the housing price through the housing price per unit area will be shown. In the previous studies, it was proved that the floor area ratio directly affects the house price. However, there is no research about the causal relationship between the hosing stock and the hedonic price of area in housing price. As a result, the hedonic price per area decreased as the housing stock in the radius from the apartment was increased in each of the models where the radius was set by 1km or 2km. This effect is consistently significant in the multilevel linear regression model and the quintile regression model for the houses(Apartments) traded in the whole area of Seoul in 2017. In addition, the effect of the undeveloped capacity compared to the maximum achievable capacity that can be realized in the designated residential land also shown. In particular, the undeveloped capacity implies that meeting the demand exceeding the development capacity is more efficient in reducing the hedonic price per area than the development method that only satisfies the untapped capacity at the present level. This study is meaningful as a basis for the degree of development density to be given in the grounds for granting policy justice and the related policy in the high density development policy of Seoul city which is emerging recently. The results of this study demonstrate that housing prices can be reduced through a mechanism that reduces the hedonic price per area when the housing stock increases. At the same time, when the policy target level is determined, this result provides a clue how much housings need additionally. There are various arguments as to whether there is a certain amount of speculative demand in housing price and whether real demand is inherent or not. However, this study suggests that at least the effect of housing stock increase contributes to house price decrease. The limitation of this study is that the influence radius affecting the housing price is manipulated as 1km and 2km based on the intuition of the researcher. And due to the limitation of data acquisition and calculation resources, it is difficult to conclude whether the same phenomenon as the continuous effect of stock has occurred. Future data acquisition and study will be expected to further investigate the effects of the shortage in the housing market in Seoul.์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ€๋„ ๊ทœ์ œ์ด์ž ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์˜ ์‹คํ–‰ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ง“๋Š” ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋ฐ€์˜ ํ†ต์ œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋„์‹œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ์ด ์ฃผ์žฅ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์  ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋งŒํผ, ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํšจ์šฉ์ด ๊ทœ์ œ ์ค€์ˆ˜ ๋น„์šฉ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฃผํƒ ์ด๋Ÿ‰ ์ œ์•ฝ์—๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ์ ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹ค์ฆํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์†์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š”, ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜ ์ €ํ•ด ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ์ถฉ์กฑ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ฃผํƒ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ๊ทœ์ œ ์ค€์ˆ˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋ถ€๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. โ€ƒ ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ๊ทœ์ œ ์ค€์ˆ˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ฃผํƒ ๋‹จ์œ„ ๋ฉด์ ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ปค์„œ ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ์ง€๋Œ€์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ์ž…์ง€์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ์ด์œค์ด ๋‚จ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐํžˆ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ์ƒํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆ˜์š”๋งŒํผ์˜ ์ฃผํƒ์ด ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ์žฌ๊ณ ๋Ÿ‰(๋˜๋Š” ์ €๋Ÿ‰)๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์š” ๋“ฑ ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•ด๋‹น ์ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ๋„์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŠน์ • ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์ธ๊ทผ์˜ ์ฃผํƒ ์ €๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ฐ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ž…์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ ์ด ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ฃผํƒ ์ €๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ฃผํƒ์˜ ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ช…๋œ ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค. โ€ƒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 1km ๋ฐ 2km๋กœ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜•๋“ค์—์„œ, ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์ธ๊ทผ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ ๋‚ด์˜ ์ฃผํƒ ์žฌ๊ณ ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์ „์—ญ์˜ 2017๋…„ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋œ ์ฃผํƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์ธต ์„ ํ˜• ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๋ถ„์œ„ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ผ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Ÿ‰ ์™ธ์—๋„ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์ธ๊ทผ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์ €๋Ÿ‰, ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ์ œ3์ข… ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฉด์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์ •๋œ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์šฉ์ง€์—์„œ ์‹คํ˜„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋ฏธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ž„์„ ์•”์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋Œ€๋‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์‹œ์˜ ๋„์‹ฌ ๊ณ ๋ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋“ฑ ์ •์ฑ…์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ •์ฑ…์  ๋‹น์œ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •์ฑ…์—์„œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ฃผํƒ ์ €๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฉด์  ๋‹น ํ—ค๋„๋‹‰ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹ค์ฆํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๋™์‹œ์— ์ •์ฑ… ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ง€์—ญ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ์ฃผํƒ ์ €๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ํ™•๋ณดํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ํˆฌ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์žฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ ์–ด๋„ ์ฃผํƒ ์žฌ๊ณ ๋Ÿ‰ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•จ์€ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์€ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์˜ ์ง๊ด€์— ์˜๊ฑฐํ•˜ 1km ๋ฐ 2km๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์กฐ์ž‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋œ ์ ๊ณผ, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ๋“ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ ์ž์›์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 2017๋…„์˜ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ๋ถ„์„์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ฆ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ง“๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”ํ›„ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ตฌ๋“ ๋ฐ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์ฃผํƒ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์žฌ๊ณ ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ€์กฑ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  ............................................................... 1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  ....................................................... 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ....................................................... 6 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ...................................... 11 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ์˜ ๊ทœ์ œ ์ค€์ˆ˜ ๋น„์šฉ ..................................... 11 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์šฉ์ ๋ฅ  ๊ทœ์ œ์™€ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ .............................................. 15 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ํ† ์˜ ................................................................. 25 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์„ค ............................................... 28 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ ...................................................................... 28 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค ...................................................................... 35 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ํ‹€ ........................................................... 43 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ..................................................... 43 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ .......................................................... 45 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ํ๋ฆ„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ..................................................... 55 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ........................................................... 57 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„ .......................................................... 57 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋‹ค์ธต ์„ ํ˜• ๋ชจํ˜•(MLM) ์ถ”์ • .......................................... 59 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์œ„ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ชจํ˜•(QR) ์ถ”์ • ............................................. 67 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  ............................................................. 76 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ…์  ํ•จ์˜ ................................... 76 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜ ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ..................................................... 83 ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ ......................................................................... 86 Abstract ............................................................................ 88Maste

    Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Fracture Behavior of STS304-Zr Alloys for Metal Waste Forms

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    Three kinds of STS304-Zr alloys were fabricated by varying the Zr content, and their microstructure and fracture properties were analyzed. Moreover, we performed heat treatment to improve their properties and studied their microstructure and fracture properties. The microstructure of the STS304-Zr alloys before and after the heat treatment process consisted of ฮฑ-Fe and intermetallics: Zr(Cr, Ni, Fe)2 and Zr6Fe23. The volume fraction of the intermetallics increased with an increasing Zr content. The 11Zr specimen exhibited the lowest hardness and fine dimples and cleavage facets in a fractured surface. The 15Zr specimen had high hardness and fine cleavage facets. The 19Zr specimen had the highest hardness and large cleavage facets. After the heat treatment process, the intermetallics were spheroidized and their volume fraction increased. In addition, the specimens after the heat treatment process, the Laves phase (Zr(Cr, Ni, Fe) 2) decreased, the Zr6Fe23 phase increased and the Ni concentration in the intermetallics decreased. The hardness of all the specimens after the heat treatment process decreased because of the dislocations and residual stresses in ฮฑ-Fe, and the fine lamellar shaped eutectic microstructures changed into large ฮฑ-Fe and spheroidized intermetallics. The cleavage facet size increased because of the decomposition of the fine lamellarshaped eutectic microstructures and the increase in spheroidized intermetallics.11Yscopuskc

    Effects of Strain Rate and Temperature on Tensile Properties of High Mn Twinning Induced Plasticity Steels

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    Four types of high Mn TWIP(Twinning Induced Plasticity) steels were fabricated by varying the Mn and Al content, and the tensile properties were measured at various strain rates and temperatures. An examination of the tensile properties at room temperature revealed an increase in strength with increasing strain rate because mobile dislocations interacted rapidly with the dislocations in localized regions, whereas elongation and the number of serrations decreased. The strength decreased with increasing temperature, whereas the elongation increased. A martensitic transformation occurred in the 18Mn, 22Mn and 18Mn1.6Al steels tested at โˆ’196 oC due to a decrease in the stacking fault energies with decreasing temperature. An examination of the tensile properties at โˆ’196 oC showed that the strength of the non-Al added high Mn TWIP steels was high, whereas the elongation was low because of the martensitic transformation and brittle fracture mode. Although a martensitic transformation did not occur in the 18Mn1.9Al steel, the strength increased with decreasing temperature because many twins formed in the early stages of the tensile test and interacted rapidly with the dislocations.11Yscopuskc
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