30 research outputs found

    ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋…ธ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋น„์†Œ๊ฒฐ์‹ ์ „๋„์„ฑ ํŽ˜์ด์ŠคํŠธ์˜ ์ œ์กฐ์™€ ์‘์šฉ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ™”ํ•™์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2018. 2. ์žฅ์ •์‹.Printed electronics became one of the most promising application for fabrication of electronic devices. Especially, manufacturing flexible electronics proved attractive in that it could be applied to numerous practical application. However, conventional methods require expensive equipment and high cost manufacturing process. Therefore, the printed electronics, which utilizes conductive ink is getting large attention as it is cost-efficient and fast. Conductive ink is usually composed of conductive material, liquid base, and various additives. Especially, metal nanomaterials have drawn considerable attention as conductive materials due the modern wet chemical technology which enabled the large-scale production. Typically, silver nanoparticles-based inks are widely utilized these days due to the high conductivity. However, high cost of silver makes the real life application of conductive ink difficult. This dissertation provides conductive paste based on cheap Cu nanomaterials. Cu nanoparticles and nanowires are used as solid loadings for the conductive paste. Also, the printed pattern does not require thermal or photo sintering process, which could reduce the manufacturing cost. Moreover, sinter-free conductive paste enables to use substrate which is weak to heat or light. Cu nanoparticles and nanowires are synthesized by wet-chemical method and hydrothermal method respectively. Cu nanowires are utilized to substitute conventional carbon paste and used as dual functional materialsconductive paste and glucose sensor. Cu nanoparticles were synthesized to enhance the conductivity of the sinter-free conductive paste. Moreover, Cu nanoparticles were mixed with Cu nanowires to increase the sinter-free conductive paste. The sinter-free conductive paste presented in this dissertation could be applied to various fields such as printed circuit boards, RFID tags, thin film transistors, light emitting devices, solar cells, transparent electrodes, and flexible displays. In addition, this dissertation might not only provide synthetic route for Cu nanomaterials based conductive paste but open a new path on fabricating sinter-free conductive paste1. Introduction 1 1.1. Background 1 1.1.1. Fabrication of Copper-based nanomaterials 1 1.1.1.1. Fabrication of Copper-based nanoparticles 1 1.1.1.1.1. Wet chemical method 4 1.1.1.1.2. Reverse micelle method 4 1.1.1.1.3. Microwave assisted method 5 1.1.1.2. Fabrication of Copper-based nanowires 5 1.1.1.2.1. Wet chemical method 9 1.1.1.2.2. Solvo-thermal method 9 1.1.1.2.3. Micro-emulsion method 10 1.1.2. Application fields 11 1.1.2.1. Nanomaterials-based Conductive ink/paste 11 1.1.2.2. Dipole tag antenna 14 1.1.2.3. Glucose sensor 16 1.2. Objectives and Outlines 18 1.2.1. Objectives 18 1.2.2. Outlines 18 2. Experimental Details 21 2.1. Fabrication of Sinter-free Cu NW paste for non-enzyme glucose sensor 21 2.1.1. Fabrication of Cu NW 21 2.1.2. Fabrication of Cu NWs based sinter-free conductive Cu paste (Cu NW paste) and Cu NW paste-based glucose sensor strip (Cu NW strip) 21 2.1.3. Characterization 22 2.2. Fabrication of Sinter-free Conductive Cu Paste using sub-10 nm Cu NPs 23 2.2.1. Fabrication Poly(VI-co-VTS) treated Cu NPs 23 2.2.2. Fabrication of Cu NPs based Sinter-free Conductive Cu Paste (Cu NPs paste) 24 2.2.3. Characterization 25 2.3. Fabrication of sinter-free conductive Cu paste using Cu NP and Cu NW composite 26 2.3.1. Fabrication of Cu NW 26 2.3.2. Fabrication of copper nanoparticles-based conductive paste (Cu NPs paste), copper nanowire-based conductive paste (Cu NWs paste), and Copper nanoparticle and nanowire composite paste (Cu NP/NW paste) 27 2.3.3. Characterization 27 3. Results and Discussions 29 3.1. Fabrication of Sinter-free Cu NW paste for non-enzyme glucose sensor 29 3.1.1. Fabrication and characterization of Cu NW 29 3.1.2. Fabrication and characterization of Cu NW Paste 35 3.1.3. Fabrication and characterization of Cu NW strip 41 3.2. Fabrication of Sinter-free Conductive Cu Paste using sub-10 nm Cu NPs 50 3.2.1. Fabrication of Cu NPs Paste 50 3.2.2. Characterization of Cu NPs Paste 60 3.2.3. Performance of Cu NPs Paste 68 3.3. Fabrication of Sinter-free Conductive Paste using Cu NP and Cu NW composite 71 3.3.1. Fabrication of copolymer treated copper nanoparticles (CP-Cu NPs) and Cu nanowires (Cu NWs) 71 3.3.2. Characterization and performance of Cu NP/NW Paste 75 4. Conclusion 88 Reference 90 ๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก 96Docto

    ๊ธˆ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•œ ๋งˆ์ด์…€์„ ์—์นญ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™์ฆ์ฐฉ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ•€์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ•€์–‘์ž์ ์˜ ์ œ์กฐ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ™”ํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ณ ๋ถ„์žํ™”ํ•™์ „๊ณต, 2016. 8. ์†๋ณ‘ํ˜.Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are nano-sized graphene of a single layer or a few layers, with many unique optical, mechanical, and photoelectric properties induced by the quantum confinement effect and edge effect. Well-known techniques to prepare GQDs include electron beam lithography, chemical synthesis, graphene oxide reduction, and hydrothermal methods. We aimed in the present study to synthesize GQDs from the self-assembly of diblock copolymers. Diblock copolymer forms micelles in selective solvents. Polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-P4VP) block copolymer was used for nanostructure self-assembly, as metal precursors can be incorporated into the P4VP block. Block copolymer micelles were annealed with solvent vapor to fabricate cylindrical nanostructures on various substrates. Metal nanostructures were synthesized from metal-incorporated block copolymer nanostructures by oxygen plasma. The synthesized metal nanoparticles were used as etching masks to fabricate GQDs. We characterized the GQDs by Raman spectroscopy. Based on our observations, we speculated that various large-scale graphene nanostructures of well-defined geometry will be easily accessible for semiconductor applications.Chapter 1 Background 1 1.1. Self-assembly of diblock copolymer 2 1.2. Graphene nanostructures and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) 3 1.3. References 5 Chapter 2 Metal nanostructures from directed self-assembly of diblock copolymers on confined substrates 7 2.1. Introduction 8 2.2. Materials and Methods 9 2.3. Results and Discussion 10 2.4. References 16 Chapter 3 Fabrication of GQDs from CVD graphene using gold-incorporated micelles as etching mask 18 3.1. Introduction 19 3.2. Materials and Methods 20 3.3. Results and Discussion 21 3.4. Summary and Prospective studies 30 3.5. References 32 Abstract (in Korean) 34Maste

    The Behavior of Users and Their Decision Factors for Picnic Spots in Yeoeuido Hangang Park

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์กฐ๊ฒฝํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 8. ์กฐ๊ฒฝ์ง„.๋„์‹œ๊ณต์›์€ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„์‹œ์— ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์•ผ์™ธ ๋…น์ง€๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋„์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ด์™”์„ ๋ฟ ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ณต์› ์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋„์‹œ๊ณต์›์˜ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋„์‹œ๊ณต์›์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ๊ด‘๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์ด๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์€ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค์‚ฌ์—… ์ดํ›„, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค๊ณผ ๋„“์€ ๋…น์ง€๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ์จ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ตœ๊ทผ ์บ ํ•‘ ๋ถ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ…ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋น„ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์•„์ ธ ์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์„ ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์ด ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰ํƒœ์ธ๋ฐ ๋น„ํ•ด ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ฌดํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋งŽ์€ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ์šด์˜โ€ค๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ๋‚ด ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์šฉํ–‰ํƒœ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด์šฉ๊ฐ๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ๋‚ด ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์ด์šฉํ–‰ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–‰ํƒœ์ง€๋„์ž‘์„ฑ๋ฒ•(Behavior Mapping)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ค‘๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์˜ ์ด์šฉ์ž ํ–‰ํƒœ, ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋นˆ๋„์ˆ˜, ์ฐธ์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ˆ˜, ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์žฅ์†Œ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ, ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๋™๊ธฐ์™€ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ๋“ฑ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์™€ ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณ„์ ˆ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ–‰ํƒœ์ง€๋„์ž‘์„ฑ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ง„์ž…๊ณต๊ฐ„, ๋†€์ดํ„ฐ, ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋…น์ง€, ์ˆ˜๋ณ€์‹œ์„ค ์ธ์ ‘๊ณต๊ฐ„, ํ•œ๊ฐ•๋ณ€, ๋ฌด๋Œ€ ์ธ์ ‘๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ ์ด 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ๋Š” ๋†€์ด, ๋Œ€ํ™”, ์ฝ๊ธฐ, ๋จน๊ธฐ, ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ๊ฐ์ƒ, ํœด์‹์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๊ฒŒ 6๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Š˜์˜ ์œ ๋ฌด์™€ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์šฉํ’ˆ ์œ ๋ฌด๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์ด์šฉ์ž์™€ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์ค‘์˜ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ๋กœ๋Š” ์ ์‹ฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์˜ ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ง์žฅ์ธ๋“ค์˜ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ์ ์‹ฌ์‹์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ๋‚ฎ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ €๋…๊ณผ ๋ฐค์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋Š” ์˜ค์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜๋ณ€์‹œ์„ค ์ธ์ ‘๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ง ์ €๋…๊ณผ ๋ฐค ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉฐ ์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ 4์‹œ ์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ํ–‡๋น›์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด๋”์šด ๋‚ ์”จ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋Š” ์˜ค์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜คํ›„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋ณ€์‹œ์„ค ์ธ์ ‘๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋ฐ€์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํŠน์ง•์ ์ธ ํ–‰ํƒœ์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ…ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋งˆํฌ๋Œ€๊ต ๋ฐ‘ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ๋ฌผ๊ธธ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—๋„ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Š˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ €๋… ์ดํ›„์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ง€์ ์„ ๋” ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ น, ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€, ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž์™€ ์ด์šฉ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ์„ ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€, ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์™€ ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๋™๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ์„ ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์„ฑ, ๋ฌธํ™”ํ–ฅ์œ ์„ฑ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€, ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์„ฑ, ๋†€์ด์„ฑ, ๋ฌธํ™”ํ–ฅ์œ ์„ฑ ์ด์ƒ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋™๊ธฐ์š”์ธ์ด ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ์„ ์ •์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ์— ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋†’์€ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์ด ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ์„œ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ, ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์ด์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์›์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์˜ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์˜ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ด์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šด์˜โ€ค๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ , ํ–ฅํ›„ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ณต์› ์กฐ์„ฑ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ณ„ํšโ€ค์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ฐธ๊ณ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ์„œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์˜์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค.์ œ1์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  3 2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ 3 1. ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๋ฒ”์œ„ 3 2. ๋‚ด์šฉ์  ๋ฒ”์œ„ 4 3์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์ง„ํ–‰๊ณผ์ • 5 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ง„ํ–‰๊ณผ์ • 6 ์ œ2์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 7 1์ ˆ ์ด์šฉ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› 7 1. ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 7 2. ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ์ด์šฉํ–‰ํƒœ 10 2์ ˆ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ๊ฐœ๋… 12 1. ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰์˜ ์ •์˜ 12 2. ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ๋™๊ธฐ 14 3. ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํŠน์„ฑ 19 3์ ˆ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ณต์› 21 1. ๋„์‹œ๊ณต์›์˜ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ฐ•ํ™” 21 2. ์—ฌ๊ฐ€๊ณต์›์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋„์‹œ๊ณต์› ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ์š”์ธ 21 4์ ˆ ์ด์šฉ์ž ํ–‰ํƒœ๋ถ„์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 23 1. ์ด์šฉ์ž ํ–‰ํƒœ์˜ ์ •์˜ 23 2. ํ–‰ํƒœ๋ถ„์„์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 25 3. ์ด์šฉ์ž ํ–‰ํƒœ๋ถ„์„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 26 ์ œ3์žฅ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ํ‹€ 29 1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์„ค ์„ค์ • 29 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 29 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค ์„ค์ • 29 2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 30 1. ํ–‰ํƒœ์ง€๋„ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋ฒ• 30 2. ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ 32 3์ ˆ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ 36 4์ ˆ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ 39 1. ์ง„์ž…๊ณต๊ฐ„ 40 2. ๋†€์ดํ„ฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 41 3. ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋…น์ง€๊ณต๊ฐ„ 42 4. ์ˆ˜๋ณ€์‹œ์„ค ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 43 5. ํ•œ๊ฐ•๋ณ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 44 6. ์ˆ˜๋ณ€๋ฌด๋Œ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 45 ์ œ4์žฅ ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ ๋ถ„์„ 46 1์ ˆ ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์›์˜ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ์ง€๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 46 1. ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ์ถ˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ์ง€๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 46 2. ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ํ•˜์ ˆ๊ธฐ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ์ง€๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 76 3. ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ์ง€๋„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ ๋ถ„์„ 112 2์ ˆ ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„ 118 1. ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ 118 2. ์—ฌ์˜๋„ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณต์› ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์ด์šฉ์ž ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 119 3์ ˆ ์ธก์ •๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๋ฐ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 125 4์ ˆ ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 128 1. ์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ์„ ์ •์˜ ์ฐจ์ด ๊ฒ€์ • 128 2. ์ด์šฉ์ž ํ–‰ํƒœ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ • 131 3. ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ์„ ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๋™๊ธฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ • 135 4. ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ์žฅ์†Œ ์„ ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผํฌ๋‹‰ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค ๊ฒ€์ • 139 ์ œ5์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  142 1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์š”์•ฝ 142 2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜ 145 3์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ 147 [์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ] 149 [๋ถ€๋ก] 155 [Abstract] 158Maste

    A study on the adequacy about the establishment of the planning region in the spatial development policy of underdeveloped regions : In case of Sang-ju City

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    ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ณผ ์ œ๋„๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„ ์„ค์ •์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ทธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ์— ์ƒ์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์„ค์ •๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„ํ–‰์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„ ์„ค์ •์ด ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฏธ๋น„ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์›์ธ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„ ์„ค์ •์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌํ•จ์ด ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์›์ธ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž„์„ ๊ฐ€์„ค๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๊ฐ„ ์ถ”์ง„, ์ง‘ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์˜จ ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ณผ ์ œ๋„, ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ , ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ๋ถ๋„ ์ƒ์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์‹ค์—์„œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™œ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ์ •์ฃผ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„ํš์—์„œ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„์™€์˜ ์ผ์น˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ฑ ์ธก์ •๊ณผ ์ƒํ™œ๊ถŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ •์ฃผ์ฒด๊ณ„, ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ™œ๊ถŒ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋‹จ์œ„์˜ ์„ค์ •์ด ๋‚™ํ›„์ง€์—ญ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์„ฑํŒจ๋ฅผ ์ขŒ์šฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. This study investigates the adequacy of the spatial range in the development policy of underdeveloped regions in Korea. In the growth of economy, the regional imbalance has brought out among the regions in Korea. To narrow the gap between developed regions and underdeveloped regions and to develop the lagging regions, the various policy, institutions and investments have been carried out. In spite of these efforts, the results don't deserve of regarding as success and some researches tried to find out the factors about the weakness of these laws, institutions and investments. In the regional development, the establishment of the planning region is very essential fact. This study hypothesizes that the inadequacy of the spatial range and the establishment of the planning region in the national projects of underdeveloped regions may be a major reason of the fail. The establishment of the planning region is the one of the most important factors to achieve the goal of the spatial policy. To develop the underdeveloped regions and improve the quality of residents' life, the analysis of the regional spatial structure should be undertaken in advance. The uniform criteria, planning range, policy and regional development without the research of locality and the analysis regional spatial structure, have made little effectiveness in the spatial development policy of the underdeveloped regions

    Influences of time lapse in introduction into body upon the experimentel mixed infections of Staph. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa.

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    Of late it was roported that the cases of mixed bactorial infections, due to Staph. aureus, Es. coli, the proteus, the pseudomonas and others, are increasing. The exact mechanilms, however, of mixed infections are not well cIearified. It was thought that the time lapse in bacterial introduction into body tissue might produce signifcant influences on the course of infections. To investigate this possibliity, Staph. au reus and Ps, aeruginosa were cultercd aerobically in Brain-Heart Infusion Broth at 37ยฐC. and inoculated into ear vein of rabbits together with, or with time lapse of 1 hour or 24 +011 i:: it oI "6" uJ s1;<] Z1 'V;.:il .k% Ps. aeruginosa i:: 3ยฐ.1 7iJ 7J}7'j ~7} 6j-.:il a: .f. ~ 7'\l71~;>;1 t:!l;\1].ยฃ.- ~7Jol 'ict~ it4- ยฐ1':ct4ยท 2. !ยฃ."-Tit 1:J * 1 "'17,} + Ps. aeruginasa 1:J *.;c The heart blood and the urire were taken asoptically and the viable units number of both species in the specimons were followed. The resilts of observation might be summerized as follows. 1. When the stophylococci and the pseudomonas were inoculated simultaneously, ; From the blood stream the viable units of both species disappecred raiidly, The viable units of staphylococcus in the unine initiated marked increase after 2-3 days of infection and continued through 7 days. The viable units of pseudomonas in the urine increased slowly until the 3rd day and then showed no noticiable increase or decrease through the 7th day. 2. When the psedomonas were inoculated 1 hour after the inoculation of staphylococci'; The population curve patterns of both bacterial species in both blood and unine were almost same with those of the simultaneous inocuation group. 3. When the pseudomones were inoculated 24 hours after the inoculation of staphylococci'; The staphylococci disappeared rapidly from the blood, but showed small and transient increase after the inoculation of psoudomonas, The staphylococci in the urire increased rapidly, without intial delay, until the 3rd day, no noticiable change in numbor until the 5th day, and then decreased. The psoudomonas in the blood disappeared rapidly from the blood and could not be recovered after 1 day through 7 days. The pseudomonas in the uri no showed small but persistont number until the 4th day and some increase after that

    An attempt systematic approach to Kan-hua Chan

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    ๊ฐ„ํ™”์„ ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์„ ๋ถˆ๊ต์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ™”๋‘์ฐธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์„ ์ž๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํ™”์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋ฒ•์€ ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์„ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊นจ์น˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ๋ถˆ๊ต ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์†์—์„œ ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‚ฏ์„  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ง€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ™”์„ ์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘๋“ค์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํ™”์„ ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœ์ธ ํ™”๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒฌ์„ฑ(่ฆ‹ๆ€ง)์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ, ๊ณง ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ใ€Ž๋ฌด๋ฌธ๊ด€(็„ก้–€้—œ)ใ€์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™”๋‘์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ํ™”๋‘์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์ง„๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋‹จ๋„์ง์ž…ํ˜•, ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ณ„์‹ฌ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ์ œ๋ฒ•์‹ค์ƒํ˜•, ํ™”๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์ด ์„ธ์†์ œ(ไธ–ไฟ—่ซฆ)์˜ ์ฐจ์›์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง„์ œ(ๆ€่ซฆ)์˜ ์˜์—ญ์ž„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํŒŒํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฉ์™ธ๋„๋ฆฌํ˜•, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„๋ณ„์‹ฌ์˜ฌ ๋Š์–ด ๋ฌด์‹ฌ์„ ๋ˆ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง„ํ‡ด์–‘๋‚œํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”๋‘ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ž์˜ ๊ทผ๊ธฐ์— ๋งž๋Š” ํ™”๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ™”๋‘์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์•„์ง ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ˆ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ™”๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„์ ˆํ•œ ์˜์‹ฌ์ด "ํ™”๋‘์‚ผ๋งค(่ฉฑ้ ญไธ‰ๆ˜ง)"๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ ธ ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์Œ์„ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ณผ ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ญ๋™์  ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ํ™”๋‘์ฐธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰๋ถ„๋ณ„์ด ์—†๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ ์ฆ‰, ๋ฌด์˜์‹์˜ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ๋„ ์˜์ •(็–‘ๆƒ…)์ด ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ํ™”๋‘์‚ผ๋งค๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์Œ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ผ๋ถˆ(ๅฟตไฝ›) ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์‹œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ 8์ •๋„, 6๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฐ€, ์œ„๋น ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์˜ฌ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๊ฐ„ํ™” ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ค‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ฐ„ํ™”์„ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ™”์„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„ ์˜ ์ •์‹ ์˜ฌ ์ž‡๋Š” ํ™œ๋ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„๋Œ€์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๊ฑฐ๋“ญ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ ์˜ ์ •์‹ ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ„ํ™”์„  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ค‘์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž๋น„, ํ‰๋“ฑ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํŽผ์ณ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค
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