45 research outputs found

    Comparison of measurements from digital cephalometric radiographs and 3D MDCT-synthetized cephalometric radiographs and the effect of head position

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    Purpose : To investigate the reproducibilities and compare the measurements in digital and MDCT-synthesized cephalometric radiograph, and to investigate the effect of head position on the measurement during imaging with MDCT. Materials and Methods : Twenty-two dry skulls (combined with mandible) were used in this study. Conventional digital cephalometric radiograph was taken in standard position, and MDCT was taken in standard position and two rotated position (10ยฐleft rotation and 10ยฐright tilting). MDCT data were imported in OnDemandยฎ and lateral cephalometric radiograph were synthesized from 3D virtual models. Two types of rotated MDCT data were synthesized with default mode and with corrected mode using both ear rods. For all six images, sixteen angular and eleven linear measurements were made in V-Cephยฎ three times. Reproducibility of measurements was assessed using repeated measures ANOVA and ICC. Linear and angular measurements were compared between digital and five MDCTsynthesized images by Student t-test. Results : All measurements in six types of cephalometric radiograph were not statistically different under ICC examination. Measurements were not different between digital and MDCT-synthesized images (P> .05). Measurements in MDCT-synthesized image in 10ยฐleft rotation or 10ยฐright tilting position showed possibility of difference from digital image in some measurements, and possibility of improvement via realignment of head position using both ear rods. Conclusion : MDCT-synthesized cephalometric radiograph can substitute conventional cephalometric radiograph. The error on head position during imaging with MDCT have possibility that can produce measurement errors with MDCT-synthesized image, and these position error can be corrected by realignment of the head position using both ear rods. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2009; 39 : 133-47

    Development and application of stent-based image guided navigation system for oral and maxillofacial surgery

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    Purpose : The purpose of this study was to develop a stent-based image guided surgery system and to apply it to oral and maxillofacial surgeries for anatomically complex sites. Materials and Methods : We devised a patient-specific stent for patient-to-image registration and navigation. Threedimensional positions of the reference probe and the tool probe were tracked by an optical camera system and the relative position of the handpiece drill tip to the reference probe was monitored continuously on the monitor of a PC. Using 8 landmarks for measuring accuracy, the spatial discrepancy between CT image coordinate and physical coordinate was calculated for testing the normality. Results : The accuracy over 8 anatomical landmarks showed an overall mean of 0.56ยฑ0.16 mm. The developed system was applied to a surgery for a vertical alveolar bone augmentation in right mandibular posterior area and possible interior alveolar nerve injury case of an impacted third molar. The developed system provided continuous monitoring of invisible anatomical structures during operation and 3D information for operation sites. The clinical challenge showed sufficient accuracy and availability of anatomically complex operation sites. Conclusion : The developed system showed sufficient accuracy and availability in oral and maxillofacial surgeries for anatomically complex sites. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2009; 39 : 149-56)grant of the Korea healthcare technology R & D Project Ministry for Health. Welfare & Family Affairs. Republic of Korea(A08-4491-AL2023-08N1-00030B)

    ไบบๅทฅ ็ฅž็ถ“ ๅ›ž่ทฏ็ถฒ์„ ๏ง็”จํ•œ ็ฒพๅญ์˜ ๅฝขๆ…‹ๅญธ็š„ ็‰นๆ€ง ๅˆ†ๆž์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ็ก็ฉถ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธๅคงๅญธๆ ก ๅคงๅญธ้™ข :ๅ”ๅŒ็ง‘็จ‹ ้†ซ็”จ็”Ÿ้ซ”ๅทฅๅญธๅฐˆๅŠŸ,1997.Maste

    (A) study of the Shinjuan sliding-door paintings in Daitokuji, Japan

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ณ ๊ณ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์‚ฌํ•™๊ณผ(๋ฏธ์ˆ ์‚ฌ์ „๊ณต),2009.8.Maste

    ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ƒํ™œ๋ณด์žฅ์ œ๋„ ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰ํƒˆ์ถœ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์ธ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€ํ•™๊ณผ,2010.2.Maste

    Explaining the trend in economic old-age support from children in Korea: A focus on coresidence and private transfers

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€ํ•™๊ณผ, 2018. 8. ๊ตฌ์ธํšŒ.์ „ํ†ต ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ์  ๋ถ€์–‘์ด ์•ฝํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๊ณต์  ๋…ธํ›„์†Œ๋“๋ณด์žฅ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋…ธ์ธ๋นˆ๊ณค์ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธํ›„์†Œ๋“๋ณด์žฅ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์  ๋ถ€์–‘์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒจ๋„์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2008~2014๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋…ธ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋…€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ถ€์–‘์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ ์›์ธ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋…ธ์ธ๊ณผ ์ž๋…€ ํŠน์„ฑ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์ธ๊ณผ ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋™๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฐ€? ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋…ธ์ธ๊ณผ ์ž๋…€ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋™๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์ธ์ด ์ž๋…€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์žฌ๊ฐ€์ค‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๋ช…๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ์ถ”์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ž๋…€์™€ ๋™๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด 37.3%์—์„œ 30.3%๋กœ 7.0%p ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋…ธ์ธ์ด ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์ด 82.7๋งŒ์›/๋…„์—์„œ 93.4๋งŒ์›/๋…„์œผ๋กœ 10.8๋งŒ์›/๋…„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜, ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ ์ถ”์ด๋Š” ํ™•์ธ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์ด์†Œ๋“ ํ‰๊ท  ๋Œ€๋น„ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „ ํ‰๊ท ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์€ 14.4%์—์„œ 12.5%๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธํ›„์†Œ๋“๋ณด์žฅ์ฒด๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ ์ฐจ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋…ธ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ๋™๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด 11.9%์—์„œ 10.7%๋กœ 1.2%p ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ถ€๋ชจ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์ด 31.4๋งŒ์›/๋…„์—์„œ 39.5๋งŒ์›/๋…„์œผ๋กœ 8.1๋งŒ์›/๋…„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „ ์ถ”์ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์š”์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋ถ€์–‘์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ์žฅ์†Œ๋“์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ๋™๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋„ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ž์‚ฐ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ž๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋™๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ ฅ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ถ€์–‘์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ž๋…€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์–‘์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ํ•™๋ ฅ ์ž๋…€์™€ ์ทจ์—… ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผํƒ ์†Œ์œ  ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋…€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ€์–‘์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ต์œก์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๊ณ ์šฉ๋ฅ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ฃผํƒ ์†Œ์œ  ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž๋…€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ํ™•์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ณต์ ์—ฐ๊ธˆ ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰๋ฅ ์ด ์•ฝ 20%p ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ณต์ ์—ฐ๊ธˆ์†Œ๋“์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜, ๊ณต์ ์—ฐ๊ธˆ ํ™•๋Œ€์˜ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „ ๊ตฌ์ถ• ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ๋‚ด์ƒ์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต์ ์—ฐ๊ธˆ ์™ธ ๊ณต์ ์ด์ „ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ ํ•˜๋ฝ์ด ๋ถ€์–‘ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ์ธ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์ž๋…€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ฉด, ํ˜•์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์€ ๋ถ€์–‘์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ž๋…€์˜ ํ˜•์ œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ ํ•˜๋ฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์ธ๊ณผ ์ž๋…€ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ๋…ธ์ธ๊ณผ ์ž๋…€์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น, ์„ฑ, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ƒํƒœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž๋…€ ์—ฐ๋ น์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™๊ฑฐ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ 20~30๋Œ€ ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฌด๋ฐฐ์šฐ ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„, ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผฐ๊ณ , ๋ฌด๋ฐฐ์šฐ ์ž๋…€์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋™๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ž๋…€์˜ ํ˜•์ œ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์žฅ๋‚จ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž๋…€์˜ ํ˜•์ œ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋ฉด ์žฅ๋‚จ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”ธ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฏ์งธ, ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”์™€ ๋„์‹œํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋„์‹œํ™”โ€ค์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๊ณฑ์งธ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋™๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋…ธ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ, ๋™๊ฑฐ ๋น„์œจ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜ํ˜œ/์ œ๊ณต ๋น„์œจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜, ๋™๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ œํ•œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋™๊ฑฐ ๋น„์œจ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ž๋…€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์–‘์˜์‹ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋™๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผฐ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋™๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ํšก๋‹จ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ ๋ถ„์„์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋œ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ถ€์–‘ ๊ด€๋ จ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ถ€์–‘ ์ถ”์ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ์‹œ์žฅ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์—ญํ•  ๋ถ„๋‹ด์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์  ๋ถ€์–‘ ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธํ›„์†Œ๋“๋ณด์žฅ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์  ๋ถ€์–‘์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๊ณ , ์‹œ์žฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์ž๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ณต์  ๋ถ€์–‘์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ œ๊ธฐ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ๋ชจํ˜• 5 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  7 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ถ€์–‘์˜ ์‹คํƒœ์™€ ์ถ”์ด 7 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ถ€์–‘์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜ 10 1. ์ดํƒ€์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ๊ตํ™˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ 11 2. ์ธ๊ตฌํ•™์  ์š”์ธ 20 3. ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ ์š”์ธ 25 4. ๋ถ€์–‘๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„ 27 5. ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋…ผ์˜ 31 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ถ€์–‘ ์ถ”์ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜ 32 1. ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™” 32 2. ์ž๋…€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™” 38 3. ๊ณต์ ์ด์ „์˜ ํ™•๋Œ€ 40 4. ์ธ๊ตฌํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ™” 42 5. ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”์™€ ๋„์‹œํ™” 45 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 47 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„ ์ž๋ฃŒ 47 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ธก์ • 54 1. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ 54 2. ์„ค๋ช…๋ณ€์ˆ˜ 57 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 63 1. ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ์ถ”์ด ๋ถ„์„ 63 2. ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ ํšก๋‹จ ๋ถ„์„ 67 3. ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „ ์ถ”์ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ ๋ถ„์„ 68 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ 71 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 77 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋…ธ์ธ๊ณผ ์ž๋…€ ํŠน์„ฑ์˜ ์ถ”์ด 77 1. ๋…ธ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 77 2. ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 85 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ์ถ”์ด 90 1. ๋…ธ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 90 2. ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 97 3. ๋…ธ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 100 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „์˜ ํšก๋‹จ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ 105 1. ๋…ธ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 105 2. ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 120 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ๋™๊ฑฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ ์ด์ „ ์ถ”์ด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์š”์ธ 126 1. ๋…ธ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 126 2. ์ž๋…€ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ถ„์„ 150 3. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„ 162 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  179 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์š”์•ฝ 179 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ด๋ก ์  ํ•จ์˜ 182 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ •์ฑ…์  ํ•จ์˜ 183 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ 188 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 190 ๋ถ€ํ‘œ 207 Abstract 209Docto

    A Study on the Visual Characteristics of Winter Olympics Emblems

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    Recurrent odontogenic keratocyst within the masticatory space

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    The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental odontogenic cyst typically occurring in the jaws. Since the first description of OKC was published in 1956, the lesion has been of particular interest because of its specific histopathologic features, high recurrence rate, and aggressive behavior. Recurrences most commonly arise within bone at the site of the original cyst. However, as lining cells may find their way into surrounding tissues either from implantation during surgery or from cortical perforation recurrences may arise at a distance from the original cyst. Here, we report a rare case of recurrent OKC which was first developed in mandible and recurred within the masticatory space

    Evaluation of masticatory muscles of mandibular asymmetry patients by computed tomography

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    - Purpose: To compare the size of the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscle between the affected and the unaffected side of the patients who have the chief complaints of the mandibular asymmetry. - Materials and Methods: Twenty two patients (male: 4, female: 18, average age: 21.3 year-old) were radiographed using posterior-anterior (P-A) cephalography and computed tomography (CT). On P-A cephalography, the degree of deviation was determined by the distance from the mentum to the vertical reference line through the crista galli and the anterior nasal spine. On the scanned tracing papers of the maximum cross-sectional area of the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscle using axial CT images, the pixel number was measured. The ratio of the affected : unaffected sides were obtained. For the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscle, the relationship between the muscular volume and degree of skeletal hypoplasia was studied. - Results : The half cases showed no skeletal asymmetry. The lateral pterygoid muscle of the affected side was larger significantly than unaffected side (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between two sides in the cases of skeletal asymmetry. There was only significant difference in the cases without skeletal asymmetry (p<0.05). - Conclusions : To some extent, the slight mandibular hypoplasia could affect the growth of some masticatory muscles
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