50 research outputs found
Studies on the effect of Thiol broth to the inactivation of several antimicrobial agents
μΉμνκ³Ό/μμ¬[νκΈ]
νμ‘λ°°μ μμ±μ¨μλ νμ‘μ체μ νκ· λ ₯ λ° νμ‘μ λ€μ΄κ° νκ· μ μ νκ· λ ₯ λͺ¨λκ° μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ€. νμ‘λ°°μ μμ±μ¨μ λμ΄κΈ° μν νλμ λ°©λ²μΌλ‘ λ°°μ§μμ²΄κ° νκ· μ λ₯Ό λΆννμν¨λ€λ©΄ κ°μ₯ μ΄μμ μ΄λΌ νκ² λ€. Thiol brothλ μ¬λ¬ νκ· μ λ₯Ό λΆνννλ€κ³ λ³΄κ³ λμ΄ μμΌλ μλ‘μ΄ νκ· μ μ λΆνν ν¨κ³Όλ Salmonella typhiλ S. paratyphi Aμ¦μμ λν μν₯μ κ΄ν μ°κ΅¬λ μ λ€.
μ΄μ μ μλ μ°λ¦¬λλΌμμ κ· νμ¦μ μ£Όμ μμΈμΈ Salmonella typhiμ S. paratyphi Aμ μ¦μμ λν μν₯μ κ²ν νκΈ° μνμ¬ Thiol brothμ μλ‘ μ΄μ©λκΈ° μμλ κ²μ ν¬ν¨ν 9μ’
λ₯μ νκ· μ μ λν λΆνν λ₯λ ₯μ μννμλ€. λν νμμ νμ‘λ°°μμ Thiol broth
μ Trypic soy broth(TSB)λ₯Ό μ°κ³ κ·Έ μ€ μΈκ· μ΄ λΆλ¦¬λ μμμ μΈκ· μ μ¦μμ΄ μ‘μμΌλ‘ κ΄μ°°λκΈ°μ κ±Έλ¦° νκ· κΈ°κ°μ λ°°μ§λ³λ‘ λΉκ΅νμ¬ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ»μλ€.
1. νκ· μ κ° λ€μ΄μμ§ μμ λ°°μ§μ λΉκ΅μμ Thiol brothμμ μνμΈκ· μ μ¦μμ TSBμμλ³΄λ€ λΆλνμλ€.
2. Penicillin μ μ μΈ carbenicillin, piperacillin, λλ ticarcillinμ΄ 16-128γ/ml λ€μ΄μλ TSBμμλ μνμΈκ· μ΄ μ¦μνμ§ μμμΌλ Thiol brothμμλ μ¦μνμλ€.
3. Cephalosporinμ μ μ€ moxalactamμ΄ 4-16γ/ml λ€μ΄μλ TSBμμλ μνμΈκ· μ΄ μ¦μνμ§ μμμΌλ Thiol brothμμλ μ¦μνμλ€. cephalothinκ³Ό cefamandoleμ΄ μ²¨κ°λ Thio
l brothμμ μνμΈκ· μ μ¦μμ TSBμμλ³΄λ€ λΆλνμλ€.
4. Aminoglycoside μ μ μ€ gentamicinμ΄ 1-4γ/ml λ€μ΄μλ TSBμμλ μνμΈκ· μ΄ μ¦μνμ§ μμμ§λ§ Thiol brothμμλ μ¦μνμλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ tobramycinμ΄ λ€μ΄μλ TSBμ Thiol brothμμ μνμΈκ· μ μ¦μμ λΉμ·νμλ€.
5. Tetracycline μ΄ μ²¨κ°λ Thiol brothμμ μνμΈκ· μ μ¦μμ TSBμμλ³΄λ€ λΆλνμλ€.
6. νμμ νμ‘λ°°μμμ μ‘μμΌλ‘ μΈκ· μ μ¦μμ΄ κ΄μ°°λκΈ°κΉμ§μ νκ· κΈ°κ°(mean Β± SD)μ Thiol brothμμ 2.42 Β± 0.90μΌ, TSBμμλ 2.24 Β± 0.80dlfdldjTek.
μ΄μμ κ²°κ³Όλ‘ λ³Ό λ Thiol brothλ carbenicillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, moxalactam λ° gentamicinμ λΆννμν¬ μ μκΈ° λλ¬Έμ μ΄λ¬ν νκ· μ κ° ν¬μ¬λ νμμ νμ‘λ°°μμλ TSBλμ Thiol brothλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νλ κ²μ΄ μ 리ν κ²μ΄λΌλ κ²°λ‘ μ μ»μλ€.
[μλ¬Έ]
Both the natural defensive power of blood and the antimicrobial agents if present will effect the positivity of blood cultures. In order to increase the rate of positive blood culture, it would be highly desirable to inactivate the antimicobial agents by culture media itself.
Thiol broth is one of those media, reported to be effective to inactivate several antimicrobial agents. However, none of these reports dealed with Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A, which are the most common causative organisms of bacteremia in Korea. In this study, the author planned to evaluate the effectiveness of Thiol broth on the growth of S. typhi and S. paratyphi A under the presence of several antimicrobial agents. Some of the clinical trial of Thiol broth in routine blood culture was also included in this evaluation.
The following results were obtained.
1. When antimicrobial agent is not present in the test media, the growth of S. typhi and S. paratyphi A was worse in Thiol broth than in TSB.
2. S. Typhi and S. paratyphi A grew in Thiol broth despite of the presence of 16-128ug/ml of carbenicillin, piperacillin, or ticarcillin while these organisms did not grow in TSB with the same concentration of the antimicrobial agents.
3. S. typhi and S. paratyphi A grew in Thiol broth despite of the presence of 4-16ug/ml of moxalactam while these organisms did not grow in TSB with the same concentration of antimicrobial agents. In Thiol broth with cephalothin or cefamandole the growth of this organisms were worse than in TSB with the same antimicrobial agents.
4. S. typhi or s. paratyphi a grew in Thiol broth despite of the presence of gentamicin while these organisms did not grow in TSB with the same concentration of this antimicrobial agent. In the presence of tobramycin, no benificial effect was noted with Thiol broth.
5. The growth of s. typhi and S. paratyphi A were worse in Thiol broth than in TSB when tetracycline was present.
6. From the blood culture of patients, incubation time(mean Β± SD) for detection of bacterial growth was 2.42 Β± 0.90 day in Thiol broth and 2.24 Β± 0.80 day in TSB.
It is concluded that Thiol broth inactivates carbenicillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, moxalactam, and gentamicin. Therefore, the use of Thiol broth instead of TSB in blood culture of patients receiving such antimicrobial agents may result more positive cultures.restrictio
(A) study of oral state of insulin-dependent diabetic children
μΉμνκ³Ό/μμ¬[νκΈ]
λΉλ¨λ³μ΄λ νλΉμ΄ λΉμ μμ μΌλ‘ λμ μλ³μ λΉμ΄ κ²μΆλλ©° λ€μ, λ€λ¨, λ€μ λ±μ μ¦μμ΄ λνλλ μ§νμ΄λ€.
λΉλ¨λ³μ National Diabetic Data Group(NDDG)μ λΆλ₯μ λ°λ₯΄λ©΄ μ β
νκ³Ό μ β
‘νμΌλ‘ ꡬλΆλλ€. μ β
ν λΉλ¨λ³μ μΈμλ¦° μμ‘΄νμΌλ‘ μ 체 λΉλ¨λ³νμμ 5βΌ10%μ ν΄λΉλλ©° 25μΈ μ΄μ μ£Όλ‘ μμμ°λ Ήμ λ§μ΄ λ°μλμ΄ κ³Όκ±°μλ μμλΉλ¨λ³μ΄λ μ©μ΄λ₯Ό μ¬μ©νκΈ°λ νκ³ μΈλΆμμ μΈμλ¦°μ΄ κ³΅κΈλμ΄μΌ νκΈ° λλ¬Έμ μΈμλ¦° μμ‘΄ν λΉλ¨λ³μ΄λΌκ³ λ νλ€. μ β
‘ν λΉλ¨λ³μ μΈμλ¦° λΉμμ‘΄ν λΉλ¨λ³μΌλ‘ μ£Όλ‘ λΉλ§ν μ±μΈμμ λ§μ΄ λ°μλμ΄ μ±μΈν λΉλ¨λ³μΌλ‘ λΆλ¦¬μ°κΈ°λ νλ€.
μ°λ¦¬λλΌμμλ μ΅κ·Ό μνμμ€μ ν₯μκ³Ό μλ£κΈ°μ μ λ°λ¬λ‘ μΈν μ§λ¨λ°©λ²μ κ°μ λ° λΉλ¨λ³ νμμ μλͺ
μ°μ₯μΌλ‘ μΈνμ¬ λΉλ¨λ³ μ λ³λ₯ μ΄ νμ ν μ¦κ°νκ³ μλ€. μ±μΈμ λΉλ¨λ³ μ¦κ°μ λλΆμ΄ μμμ λΉλ¨λ³λ κ³Όκ±°μ λΉν΄ μ¦κ°νκ³ μλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μΈμλ¦° μμ‘΄ν λΉλ¨λ³ νμμ μ μ μλμ ꡬκ°μνλ₯Ό λΉκ΅νμ¬ λΉλ¨μ§νμ΄ κ΅¬κ°μ§νμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ λν΄ μμλ³΄κ³ μ νμλ€.
μ΄μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ°μΈμλ£μ μμκ³Ό μΈλμμ μΈμλ¦° μμ‘΄ν λΉλ¨λ³μΌλ‘ μ§λ¨λ λΉλ¨λ³ νμ 38λͺ
κ³Ό κ·Έλ€κ³Ό μ±λ³ λ° λμ΄κ° λΉμ·ν μ μ μλ 41λͺ
μ λμ‘°κ΅°μΌλ‘ νμ¬ κ΅¬κ°κ²μ¬ λ° νμ‘κ²μ¬, μ€λ¬Έμ§μ‘°μ¬λ±μ ν΅νμ¬ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ κ²°λ‘ μ μ»μλ€.
1. λΉλ¨λ³ νμκ΅°μ μ μ μλκ΅°κ³Ό μ°μ λ°μμ μ°¨μ΄λ₯Ό 보μ΄μ§ μμλ€.
2. λΉλ¨λ³ νμκ΅°μ΄ μ μ μλκ΅°λ³΄λ€ μΉν λ° μΉμμΌμ΄ λ§μ΄ λ°μνμμΌλ©° ν΅κ³νμ μΌλ‘ μ μμ°¨κ° μμλ€(PοΌ0.05).
3. λΉλ¨λ³ νμκ΅°μ νμ‘λ΄ λΉλκ° μ μ μλκ΅°μ λΉν΄ μ μμ±μκ² λμμΌλ©° νλΉκ³Ό νμ‘λ΄ λΉκ³Ό μκ΄κ΄κ³κ° μμλ€(PοΌ0.05).
4. λΉλ¨λ³ νμκ΅°μ μ μ μλκ΅°κ°μ νμ‘λκ³Ό μ μ‘°λμ μ°¨μ΄κ° μμκ³ , Resazurin Disc κ²μ¬μ μ€λμ΄λ κ²μ¬μμ λ κ΅°κ°μ μ°¨μ΄κ° μμλ€.
5. λΉλ¨λ³ νμκ΅°κ³Ό μ μ μλκ΅° μ¬μ΄μ ꡬκ°μμ μ΅κ΄μ μ°¨μ΄κ° μμλ€.
[μλ¬Έ]
This thesis contains the comparison of the oral condition of thirty eight diabetic children & forty one healthy children of the same age & sex. The results of this comparison are as follows;
1. There was no difference in the prevalence of dental caries between diabetic children and healthy controls
2. Plaque accumulation and gigivitis with significantly more in diabetic children than in healthy controls
3. Diabetic children had more significantly elevated level of glucose in the whole saliva than healthy controls. We observed a statistically significant correaltion between the glucose level of blood & the whole saliva among the diabetic children. That was stastically significant
4. There was no remarkable difference in salivary flow, viscosity and caries acitivity between the diabetic children and the healthy controls
5. There was no significant difference in the oral hygiene habits of the diabetic children and healthy the Controlsrestrictio
μ곑λ κ΄μ°λ³μ κ³Όνμ μ§μ€μ λ°λ‘μ‘μμΌ
νμ’
μ λ°λΌ λ€μ λ€λ₯΄κΈ°λ νμ§λ§ νκ· μ μΌλ‘ μμ μ μ‘λ₯ μ μ½ 40%μ΄λ€.
μμ μ 체 무κ²μμ 머리μ λ΄μ₯, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λΌλ€κ·λ₯Ό λ°λΌλΈ κ²μ μ μ‘μ΄λΌ νλ€. μ ν λ§λ¦¬μμ λ²λ €μ§λ λΌμ λ΄μ₯ λ±μ μ²λ¦¬λ κ³€λνλ μ°¨μ μκ΅μ΄ μ²μμΌλ‘ μ‘골λΆ(meat bone meal)μ λ§λ€μ΄ μμ¬λ£μ μΌλΆμΈ λ¨λ°±μ§, μΉΌμμμΌλ‘ μ¬μ©ν΄ 보기 μμνλ€. κ·Έλ°λ° 1972λ
λΆν° μμμ νμΌμ κ΄μ°λ³(mad cow disease)μ΄λΌκ³ λΆλ¦¬μ°λ μ΄μν μ¦μλ€μ΄ λνλκΈ°μμνλ€. μ¦, λΆμν μ¦μΈ λλ κ΄νν μ¦μΈ λ± μ κ²½μ§μ μΈ κ³Όλ―Όλ°μμ λνλ΄κ±°λ λ·λ€λ¦¬μ μ΄λμ€μ‘°λ‘ λλ λ¨λ€κ° κ·Έλλ‘ μ£Όμ μλ λ±, μ리λ μ μ΄μ λν΄μλ νμμ λ€λ₯Έ κ°κ°κ³Όλ―Όμ¦μμ λνλλ€. κ°μκΈ° λ§μ΄ λνλλ μ΄λ° μ¦μλ€μ μλ μμ λ³λ¦¬νμλ€μ μν΄ μμΈν μ‘°μ¬ μ°κ΅¬λμ΄ νκ³μ λ³΄κ³ νμκ³ , μν΄λ©΄μλμ¦(bovine spongiform encephalopathy,BSE)μΌλ‘ λ³λͺ
μ΄ μ μ νμ λμλ€.
λ³λͺ
μμ μ μ μλ―μ΄ μμ λμ μ€ν°μ§μ²λΌ ꡬλ©μ΄ μμ λ«μ΄μ§ λ³λ¦¬μ‘°μ§μμ΄ νΉμ§μ΄μ΄μ λ©΄μμ μ€ν¬λνΌ(Scrapie) μμΈμ²΄κ° μ‘κ³¨λΆ μ¬λ£λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μμκ² κ°μΌλ κ²μΌλ‘ μΆμ νλ€. 100λ§ λ§λ¦¬μ λμ λ©΄μμμ ν λ§λ¦¬ μ λμ λΉμ¨λ‘ μμ° λ°μνλ©° μ μΌμ±μ΄ μλ λ©΄μμ μ€ν¬λνΌλΌλ μ§λ³κ³Ό λ³λ¦¬μ‘°μ§μμ΄ λ§€μ° μ μ¬νκΈ° λλ¬Έμ΄μλ€.
1988λ
μκ΅μ μ¦μ μμκ² μ‘골λΆμ μ¬λ£λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ΄λ κ²μ κΈμ§μμΌ°λ€. κ·Έλ¬λ 1732λ
μ μ΅μ΄λ‘ λ°κ²¬λ λ©΄μμ μ€ν¬λνΌκ° μ¬λμκ² κ°μΌλ μ¬λ‘κ° μ§κΈκΉμ§ μ ν μμκΈ° λλ¬Έμ μΈμ²΄ κ°μΌμ μ°λ €λ μλ€κ³ νλ¨νμλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ μ΄λ‘λΆν° 3~4λ
ν, μ¦ 1992λ
κ²½λΆν° μ¬λμμ ν¬λ‘μ΄μΈ ν νΈμΌμ½₯λ³(CJD)κ³Ό μ μ¬νμ§λ§ λͺ κ°μ§ μ μμ λ€λ₯Έ μ§λ³μ λ°μλ³΄κ³ κ° μ€μ μκΈ° μμνλ€. μ΄κ²μ΄ λ³ν ν¬λ‘μ΄μΈ ν νΈμΌμ½₯λ³(vCJD)μ΄λ€. μκ΅μ립μννλ 1996λ
곡μμ μΌλ‘ μμ BSEκ° μ¬λμ κ°μΌλλ€κ³ λ°ννμκ³ , μ΄λλΆν° BSEλ μΈμ곡ν΅μ μΌλ³(zoonosis)μΌλ‘ μΈμ λμλ€
(A) study of the mechanism of improving acid resistance of bovine tooth enamel after pulsed Nd-YAG laser irradiation
μΉμνκ³Ό/λ°μ¬[νκΈ]
μΉμμ μ μλμ§ λ°λμ λ μ΄μ μ‘°μ¬μ μΉμμ ν° μμμ μ£Όμ§ μμΌλ©΄μ λ΄μ°μ±μ΄ μ¦κ°νλ€κ³ μλ €μ Έ μλ€. λ μ΄μ μ‘°μ¬μ μν λ΄μ°μ± μ€κ°μ κΈ°μ μ λν΄μ λ²λμ§ ν¬κ³Όλ κ°μ, μ°μ λν μ©ν΄λ κ°μλ±μ΄ μ μλκ³ μμ§λ§ κ·Έ μ νν κΈ°μ μ λν΄μλ μμ§ λ
Όλμ λμμ΄ λκ³ μλ€. μ΄μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ μ μΉμ λ²λμ§μ νμ€ν Neodymium-Yittrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd-YAG) λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬ν ν, λ²λμ§μ λ΄μ°μ± μ€κ° μ¬λΆλ₯Ό λΆμνκ³ , λ μ΄μ κ° μ΄λ»κ² λ²λμ§μ λ΄μ°μ±μ λμ¬μ£Όλ μ§μ λνμ¬ μ°κ΅¬νμλ€.
μμ μΉμ λ²λμ§μ λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬ν ν λ΄μ°μ± μ€κ°μ¬λΆλ₯Ό 보기 μν΄, νμ€ν Nd-YAG λ μ΄μ 10, 30, 50, 70j/γ μλμ§ λ°λλ‘ μ‘°μ¬νμλ€. μνΈ μΌλΆλ₯Ό μ° (7.5 N HCIQ 4 + 0.5 % LaCl 3)μ μ©ν΄μμΌ μ©μΆλ μΉΌμκ³Ό μΈμ μμ μ λλΆμνμ¬ λ΄μ°μ± λ³νλ₯Ό νκ°νμλ€ μμΈλ¬ λ΄μ°μ± μ€κ° κΈ°μ μ λ°νκΈ° μνμ¬ X-μ νμ λΆμ, μ μΈμ λΆκ΄λΆμ, μ£Όμ¬μ μνλ―Έκ²½ μ견 λ±μ κ΄μ°°νμλ€.
X-μ νμ κ²μ¬λ μλμ§ λ°λλ₯Ό λ¬λΌν΄μ λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬ν κ° κ΅°μμ λκ°μ μνΈμ SRA M18XHE (Mac science Co.)λ₯Ό μ΄μ©νμ¬ μννμλ€. λΆμ쑰건μ Cu-Kaμ , κ°μμ μ 40kv, κ°μμ λ₯ 300γ, μ£Όμ¬μλ 4Β°/minμΌλ‘ 10Β°<2ΞΈ<80Β°μμ μΈ‘μ νμλ€. νΉν Ξ±-Tri Ca
lcium Phosphate(TCP)μ f-TCPμ μμ±μ¬λΆλ₯Ό νμ
νκΈ° μνμ¬ 25Β° <2ΞΈ<35Β° ꡬκ°μμλ 0.01Β° κ°κ²©μΌλ‘ 4μ΄λμ μ μ§νλ step scanningλ°©λ²μ μ±ννμλ€.
μ μΈμ λΆκ΄λΆμμ λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬ν λ²λμ§νλ©΄μ λ€μ΄μλͺ¬λ μ€μ μ΄μ©μ±μ½ 1 mg μ±μ·¨ν ν μ½ 300 mg KBrκ³Ό μμ ν κ°μνμ±νμ¬ 10 mmμ diskνμΌλ‘ μ μ‘°ν ν Jasco 300Eλ₯Ό μ΄μ©νμ¬ 4000-4GO cm**-1 μμμμ ꡬνμλ€.
λ μ΄μ μλμ§ λ°λμ λ°λ₯Έ λ²λμ§μ νλ©΄λ³νλ₯Ό μμ보기 μν΄ κ°κ΅°μ μνΈμ κΈμΌλ‘ νΌλ³΅ νμ¬ μ£Όμ¬μ μνλ―Έκ²½ (JSM 6400, JEOL Co.)μΌλ‘ 500λ°°, 2000λ°°λ‘ κ΄μ°°νμ¬ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ»μλ€.
1. μΉΌμμ μ©μΆλμ μ‘°μ¬ν λ μ΄μ μ μλμ§ λ°λκ° μ¦κ°ν μλ‘ κ°μνμμΌλ,70 J/γ μμ μ€κ°νμλ€. κ°κ΅°μ νκ· μΉκ°μ κ°λ³λΉκ΅ κ²°κ³Ό 50 J/γ μ λλ¨Έμ§ κ΅°κ°μ ν΅κ³νμ μ μ μ°¨κ° μμλ€. (P<0.05)
2. X-μ νμ λΆμκ²°κ³Ό λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬ν ν μ©ν΄λλ₯Ό μ€κ°μν€λ Ξ²-TCPκ° μ½κ° μμ±λμμ§λ§ μλμ§ λ°λκ° λμμλ‘ (002), (004) νΌν¬κ° κ°λκ³ ν¬κ² λνλ κ²°μ μ΄ cμΆλ°©ν₯μΌλ‘ μ±μ₯νμμ λνλ΄μ΄, κ²°μ₯μ μ°μ λν μ©ν΄λλ κ°μν κ²μΌλ‘ μκ°λλ€.
3. λ΄μ°μ±μ΄ ν¬κ² μ¦κ°ν 50 J/γ μμ 격μμμ (lattice parameter)λ aμΆμ μ μ₯λμμΌλ©° cμΆμ μ½κ° κ°μνμμΌλ ν° λ³νλ μμλ€.
4. μ μΈμ λΆκ΄λΆμ κ²°κ³Ό λ μ΄μ μ‘°μ¬ μλμ§ λ°λκ° μ€κ°ν μλ‘ posphate band (600-550 cm**-1 )μ B-carbonate band (= 870, 1415-1455 cm**-1 )λ κ°μνκ³ A-carbonate band (1590 cm**-1 )λ μ¦κ°νμλ€.
5. λ μ΄μ μ‘°μ¬ν μ£Όμ¬μ μνλ―Έκ²½μ κ΄μ°°μ 50 J/γ μ‘°μ¬ κ΅°κΉμ§λ μΉλ©΄ μ μ΅ν©μ΄ μΌμ΄λ ννν λ©΄μ 보μ΄λ―λ‘ ν¬κ³Όλκ° κ°μν κ²μΌλ‘ μκ°λλ©° 70J/γ λ μ΄μ μ‘°μ¬ κ΅°μμλ μΉμ§μ νκ΄΄λ₯Ό λ³΄μ¬ λ²λμ§ ν¬κ³Όλκ° μ¦κ°ν κ²μΌλ‘ μκ°λλ€.
μ΄μμ κ²°κ³Όλ‘ λ³΄μ λ²λμ§μ νμ€ν Nd-YAG λ μ΄μ λ₯Ό 50 J/γ μ‘°μ¬ κ΅°μμ λ΄μ°μ±μ΄ κ°μ₯ ν¬κ² μ¦κ°νμμΌλ©°, λ μ΄μ μ‘°μ¬μ μν λ²λμ§ λ΄μ°μ±μ¦κ°λ λ²λμ§ μ΅ν©μ μν ν¬κ³Όλμ κ°μμ νμ°μΌ μμ€ λ° κ²°μ ν¬κΈ° μ¦κ°λ‘ μΌκΈ°λ μ©ν΄λ κ°μμ μν κ²°κ³Όλ‘ μκ°λλ€.
[μλ¬Έ]
The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanism of improving acid resistance of Nd-YAG laser irradiated tooth enamel and determine the most effective energy density for improving acid resistance. The bovine tooth enamel were lased with a pulsed Nd-YAG laser. The energy densities of exposed laser beam were varied from 10 to 70 J/γ .
To investigate the degree of improving acid resistance by irradiation. all the samples were submerged to demineralize in 0.5 N HCIO 4 solution for 1 minute. After 1 minute, 0.05% LaCI 3 was added to the solution for interrupting the demineralization reaction. The amounts of dissolved calcium and phosphate in the solution were measured by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the UV/VIS spectrophotometer, respectively.
To examine the mechanism of improving acid resistance, X-ray diffraction analysis, infra-red spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were taken. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the samples were obtained in the 10Β° -80Β° 2ΞΈ range with Cu-K Ξ± radiation using M18HF(Mac Science Co.) with X-ray diffractometer operating at 40 KV and 300 mA. The infra-red spectra of the ground samples in Δ²300 mg KBr pellets 10 mm diameter were obtained in the 4700 cm**1 to 400 cm**-1 range using JASCO 300E spectrophotometer. The scanning electron microscopy was carried out using JSM6400(JEOL Co.) with 500-2000 times magnification.
The results were as follow
1. The concentration of calcium dissolved from laser irradiated enamel with 50j/cm2 was significantly lesser than that of unlased control group (pγ0.05)
2. From the result of the X-ray diffraction analysis, Ξ² -TCP, which increases acid solubility, was identified in lased enamel but the diffraction peaks of (002) and(004) became sharp with increasing energy density of laser irradiation. This means that the crystals in lased samples were grown through the c-axis and
subsequently, the acid solubility of enamel deceased.
3. The a-axis parameter was slightly increased by laser irradiation, whereas the c-axis parameter was almost constant except for a little decrease at 50J/cm2.
4. In the infra-red spectra of lased enamels, phosphate bands (600-500 γ**-1 ),B-carbonate bands (870, 1415-1455 cm**-1 ), and A-carbonate band (1545cm**-1 ) were observed. The amounts of phosphate bands and the B-carbonate bands were reduced, on the others hand, the amount of the A-carbonate band was increased by increase the energy density.
5. The SEM experiments reveal that the surface melting and recrystallization were appeared at 30 J/γ and the cracks were observed at 70 J/γ .
From above results, It may be suggested that the most effective energy density for improving acid resistance of tooth enamel with the irradiation of Nd-YAG laser was 50J/γ . The mechanism of improving acid resistance were reduction of permeability due to surface melting and recrystallization of lased enamel and reduction of acid solubility of enamel due to decrease of carbonate content and growth of crystal.restrictio