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    μ€‘λ“±μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ 인식, μ‹€ν–‰ 및 ν•™μŠ΅ 방식에 κ΄€ν•œ 질적 연ꡬ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ‚¬λ²”λŒ€ν•™ 체윑ꡐ윑과, 2019. 2. 졜의창.The purpose of this study was to explore secondary school physical education (PE) teachers perceptions of character education and to investigate how character education is implemented in PE classes and other PE related activities, furthermore, where and how teachers acquire teaching method of character education. To achieve the purposes, the research questions were as follows: (1) How do secondary school PE teachers perceive character education? (2) What types of methods do PE teachers use for character education? (3) How do secondary PE teachers acquire teaching method of character education? This study adopted a qualitative approach from a methodological point of view, and was preceded through a constructive paradigm. This case study was conducted from July 2015 –when the research project was first proposedβ€” to February 2019. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, in-class observations and documents. Data analysis was conducted step-by-step, cyclically, and inductively consistent with transcripts, analysis, and interpretation. Fifteen secondary school PE teachers were recruited as research participants through purposeful sampling. Teaching experiences were considered when recruited as research participants: two teachers with less than five years of teaching experience, eight teachers with five to 15 years of teaching experience, and five teachers with more than 15 years of teaching experience participated in the study. Moreover, to enhance the trustworthiness of the study, the researcher engaged in triangulation, member check, and peer debriefing. Throughout the study, in compliance with research ethics regulations, it was made sure that all participants did not face disadvantages or ethical problems due to their participation of the study. The following shares the findings of the study. First, secondary school PE teachers perception of character education was categorized into meanings, methods, circumstances, and limitations. The meanings of character education were categorized as temporarily prescribed medication, individual battle, and wild goose chase. Due to the frequent change of policy and education curriculum, teachers perceived character education as temporarily prescribed medication and they felt as though it was an individual battle as not all faculty members were working together on building character education. In addition, teachers compared their situations to a wild goose chase which indicated the problems in teaching and the indifference in theory of character education. The methods for character education were found as teacher as the message and reconstruction of national curriculum for physical education. The teachers believed that they themselves were the message in character education and as those who were actively participating in reconstructing and implicating character education in their curriculum. The circumstances that secondary PE teachers perceived were directional and practical policy, character-friendly school environment and enrich education philosophy. It is necessary to understand and empathize among teachers of character education through direction-oriented policies and there needs actual budget support and management. Furthermore, it is suggested that the school should create a character-friendly environment for teachers to carry out character education whilst letting teachers form their own educational philosophy despite their wild goose chasing circumstances. The limitations of character education that secondary PE teachers experienced were frequent revision of the national curriculum and loose policy management, performance failing effort, helplessness and rejection. Though the character education policy was enacted, it was difficult to actually recognize it being enforced at schools and as a result of frequent revisions of the education curriculum and the guides of character education rather became a disturbance to character education. Moreover, the problems of what and how to teach character as well as even though character is being taught the helplessness and rejections from the learners was understood as a limitation. Second, the types of ways secondary PE teachers implicated character education were categorized by the attitude of the teacher, class management, and creating an environment. The attitude of the teacher included being a role model, and the relationship that was formed between the student and teacher was an important part of educating character. For class operation, teaching sports skills and rules, providing indirect experience activities, preparing character-emphasized class material, operating cooperative group projects, crating class chants and ceremonies, and holistic evaluation methods were utilized. Furthermore, posting activity assignments, character education messages were delivered through class equipment which helped created an environment to enhance character. These methods were developed through PE classes and especially, it was highlighted that being a role model was most important in initiating character education. Third, character education was acquired through personal experiences, formal teacher education courses, and informal teacher education situations. Personal experiences involved reflections of taught classes and reading books and using online media, and formal teacher education courses included participating in teacher education training courses and attending graduate school for further education. Informal teacher education situations in obtaining character education were related to participating in teachers communities of practice and experiences in various presentation and material development. Overall, each of these experiences helped implement character education. Of the various learning methods, reflecting and recording previously taught classes and participating in teachers communities of practice were to two most influential in learning character education. In order for physical education classes to be a filed of character education, teachers needed to be reflective practitioners and specifically record information from classes that they taught. Additionally, teachers communities of practice were the source of acquiring knowledge and information. The communities gave teachers the opportunity to be influenced by other devoted and passionate teachers as role models as well as their participation helped teachers feel psychological stability and belongingness. Through the mentioned findings of this study, conclusions were as follows. First, in exploring the perceptions, implementation, and learning methods of PE teachers character education, it was found that the competence of the PE teachers was the most important in all categories. The character and competence of the teachers themselves was presented in several ways throughout PE classes, guidance in sports clubs and after-school activities as well as the attitudes of the teacher highly influenced their students. Therefore, it is needed for the PE teachers to reflect and think deeply about the type of person they need to be, also, to put much effort into developing their competence as a human being. Second, it is needed for PE teachers to have their own educational philosophy of character education. Though it was found that teachers were experiencing hardship in relation to teaching character, problems related to character education, difficulties inherent to character education, or a combination of the two results produced another problem. Therefore, to overcome these difficulties, individually built educational philosophy based on the context and environment of the schools should be implemented through reflection and later needs to be revised and developed. Third, the overall findings conclude that PE teachers who give good classes are well-prepared teachers. PE Classes can be seen as a field of character education for students, though simultaneously it is also a field of character education for teachers. It is highlighted that PE teachers use their attitude, class management and creating the environment all work as a way to teach character. At the same time, classes are an opportunity for teachers to interact with students and discover teachers strengths and weakness which also becomes a reflective moment. In addition, it is positive cycle in where the teachers happiness due to having a good class influences character education. Thus, PE teachers, who want to teach character well, should put efforts to be well-prepared for classes. Forth, for character education to be well carried out, school culture and environment as well as policy support is essential. As character education cannot be fulfilled by the PE teacher alone, support and cooperation of policies, the school culture, and environment and all teachers need to work together. There needs actual policies and school needs to arrange an atmosphere for teachers to communicate with each other about character education. Last, in conclusion to the findings and discussions of the study, the following are suggestions for in-service teacher education and future direction for research. For in-service teacher education, first, character education training courses need to be provided. Second, teachers need support to actively participate in teachers communities of practice. Third, PE teachers need the opportunity to share and present their experiences. Forth, integrated online material sharing platforms are needed. For future direction for research, first, Baek and Park(2012) highlighted the principles of character educationsportization, academicization, socialization, habitualization, cognization and internalization which need further organization and specialization. Second, it is necessary to develop an assessment tool for teaching and learning about character. Last, institutions and organizations which promote character education need to be researched in the future.λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ΄ κ°–κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인식, μ²΄μœ‘μˆ˜μ—…κ³Ό 기타 μ²΄μœ‘ν™œλ™ μ§€λ„μ—μ„œ ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μ‹€ν–‰ 방법을 μ•Œμ•„λ³΄λ©°, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ 지도 방법을 μ–΄λ””μ„œ, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•™μŠ΅ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ νƒμƒ‰ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ—°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ œλ‘œ 첫째, 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ°€? λ‘˜μ§Έ, 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ–΄λ– ν•œ 방법듀을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ°€? μ…‹μ§Έ, 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 방법을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ°°μš°λŠ”κ°€? 둜 μ„€μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 방법둠적인 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 질적 접근을 νƒν•˜κ³  있으며, κ·Έ μ€‘μ—μ„œ κ΅¬μ„±μ£Όμ˜ νŒ¨λŸ¬λ‹€μž„μœΌλ‘œ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ꡬ체적으둜 사둀 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 2015λ…„ 7μ›” μ—°κ΅¬κ³„νšμ„ μˆ˜λ¦½ν•œ 이후 2018λ…„ 6μ›”λΆ€ν„° 본격적인 ν˜„μ§€ 자료λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ§‘ν•˜μ—¬ 2019λ…„ 2μ›”κΉŒμ§€ μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μ§€ μžλ£ŒλŠ” 심측 λ©΄λ‹΄, μˆ˜μ—… κ΄€μ°°, ν˜„μ§€ λ¬Έμ„œλ₯Ό 톡해 μˆ˜μ§‘λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 자료 뢄석은 기술, 뢄석, 해석에 따라 단계적, μˆœν™˜μ , κ·€λ‚©μ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€. 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬ κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” λͺ©μ  ν‘œμ§‘μ˜ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬ 15λͺ…을 μ„ μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 특히 ꡐ직경λ ₯에 따라 κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜μ—¬ ꡐ직 κ²½λ ₯ 5λ…„ 미만의 μ €κ²½λ ₯ ꡐ사 2λͺ…, 5λ…„μ—μ„œ 15λ…„ 미만의 쀑경λ ₯ ꡐ사 8λͺ…, 15λ…„ μ΄μƒμ˜ κ³ κ²½λ ₯ ꡐ사 5λͺ…μœΌλ‘œ μ—°λ Ήκ³Ό ꡐ직 κ²½λ ₯을 κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μžλ₯Ό μ„ μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 연ꡬ간 λͺ¨λ“  μ ˆμ°¨λŠ” μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 진싀성을 높이기 μœ„ν•΄ 자료의 닀각도 뢄석, 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μžμ˜ κ²€ν† , λ™λ£Œ κ°„ ν˜‘μ˜λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 연ꡬ 윀리 κ·œμ •μ„ μ€€μˆ˜ν•˜μ—¬ λͺ¨λ“  κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μžμ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ– ν•œ λΆˆμ΄μ΅μ΄λ‚˜ 윀리적 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ°œμƒν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ„λ‘ μœ μ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ 연ꡬ 과정을 톡해 λ„μΆœλœ κ²°κ³Ό 및 λ…Όμ˜λŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. 첫째, 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인식은 의미, 방법, 쑰건, ν•œκ³„λ‘œ λ²”μ£Όν™”λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ΄ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ μ˜λ―ΈλŠ” μž„μ‹œμ²˜λ°©μ•½, κ°κ°œμ „νˆ¬, λœ¬κ΅¬λ¦„ 작기둜 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μ •μ±…μ΄λ‚˜ κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •μ΄ 자주 λ³€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μƒν™©μœΌλ‘œ 인해 μž„μ‹œμ²˜λ°©μ•½κ³Ό 같은 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 느끼고 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©° ꡐ내 ꡬ성원과 ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œμ˜ λͺ¨λ“  ν™œλ™μ΄ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ λ°©ν–₯으둜 ν•¨κ»˜ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 상황을 두고 κ°κ°œμ „νˆ¬μ™€ κ°™λ‹€κ³  느끼고 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ§€λ„μ˜ λ‚œμ κ³Ό 이둠에 λŒ€ν•œ 무관심, λ¬΄μ§€λ‘œ 인해 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ„ λœ¬κ΅¬λ¦„ μž‘κΈ°μ™€ 같은 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ΄ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ 방법은 κ΅μ‚¬μžμ²΄κ°€ λ©”μ‹œμ§€, 적극적 κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ • μž¬κ΅¬μ„±μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. ꡐ사 μžμ‹ μ„ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 방법이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°, κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ • μ „λ‹¬μžκ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •μ„ 적극적으둜 μž¬κ΅¬μ„±ν•΄μ„œ μ‹€μ²œν•˜λŠ” 것이 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 방법이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ΄ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ 쑰건은 λ°©ν–₯성을 가진 μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ μ •μ±…, μΈμ„±μΉœν™”μ  학ꡐ 풍토, κ΅μœ‘μ² ν•™ μ„Έμš°κΈ°λ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ°©ν–₯성을 가진 μ •μ±… 지원을 톡해 κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ˜ 이해와 곡감을 μ΄λŒμ–΄λ‚΄μ•Ό ν•˜λ©° μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ μ˜ˆμ‚° 지원과 관리가 ν•„μš”ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 그리고 학ꡐ ν™˜κ²½κ³Ό 풍토λ₯Ό μΈμ„±μΉœν™”μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ„œ κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ 싀행을 지원해야 ν•˜λ©°, ꡐ사 슀슀둜 μžμ‹ λ§Œμ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ² ν•™μ„ μ„Έμš°λŠ” 것이 λœ¬κ΅¬λ¦„μ„ μž‘λŠ” 것과 같은 상황 μ†μ—μ„œλ„ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ„ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 쑰건으둜 μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ΄ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ ν•œκ³„λŠ” μž¦μ€ κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ • κ°œμ •κ³Ό λŠμŠ¨ν•œ μ •μ±… 관리, μ„±κ³Όκ°€ 보이지 μ•ŠλŠ” λ…Έλ ₯, 무기λ ₯κ³Ό κ±°λΆ€κ°μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ§„ν₯법이 μ‹œν–‰λ˜μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ 학ꡐ ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” μ²΄κ°λ˜λŠ” λ°”κ°€ λ³„λ‘œ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 점과 μž¦μ€ κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ • κ°œμ •μ΄λ‚˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ‹œν–‰λ Ήμ˜ 지침듀이 였히렀 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ„ λ°©ν•΄ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ •μ±… μ‹œν–‰μ— λŒ€ν•œ ν•œκ³„λ‘œ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 무엇을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‚΄μš©κ³Ό λ°©λ²•μ˜ 문제점과 무엇을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λ”라도 받아듀이지 μ•ŠλŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 무기λ ₯함과 거뢀감은 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ ν•œκ³„λ‘œ μΈμ‹λ˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μ‹€ν–‰ 방법은 ꡐ사 νƒœλ„ μΈ‘λ©΄, μˆ˜μ—… 운영 μΈ‘λ©΄, ν™˜κ²½ μ‘°μ„± 츑면으둜 λ²”μ£Όν™”λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. ꡐ사 νƒœλ„ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œλŠ” λͺ¨λ²”보이기, 학생과 관계 λ§ΊκΈ°κ°€ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ‹€ν–‰ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬κ³ , μˆ˜μ—… 운영 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 슀포츠 기술과 κ·œμΉ™ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κΈ°, κ°„μ ‘ μ²΄ν—˜ ν™œλ™ μ œκ³΅ν•˜κΈ°, 인성 κ°•μ‘° ν•™μŠ΅μžλ£Œ μ œκ³΅ν•˜κΈ°, ν˜‘λ ₯적 λͺ¨λ‘ ν™œλ™ μš΄μ˜ν•˜κΈ°, νŒ€κ΅¬ν˜Έ 및 μ„Έλ ˆλͺ¨λ‹ˆ λ§Œλ“€κΈ°, 총체적으둜 ν‰κ°€ν•˜κΈ°μ˜ 방법을 ν™œμš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 그리고 κ³Όμ œν™œλ™λ¬Ό κ²Œμ‹œν•˜κΈ°, μˆ˜μ—… 용기ꡬλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ 인성 λ©”μ‹œμ§€ μ „λ‹¬ν•˜κΈ° λ“±μœΌλ‘œ 인성을 κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ ν™˜κ²½μ„ μ‘°μ„±ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 이 방법듀은 μ²΄μœ‘μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν™œμš©λ˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 특히 λͺ¨λ²”보이기λ₯Ό κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μ‹€μ²œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ…‹μ§Έ, 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μ€ 개인적 κ²½ν—˜, 곡식적 κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘, 비곡식적 κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘μ„ 톡해 ν•™μŠ΅ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 개인적 κ²½ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ μžμ‹ μ˜ μˆ˜μ—…μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ„±, λ…μ„œ 및 온라인 맀체λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , 곡식적 κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘μœΌλ‘œ μ—°μˆ˜ μ°Έμ—¬, λŒ€ν•™μ› 진학을 톡해 배우고 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 비곡식적 κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘μœΌλ‘œ κ΅μ‚¬ν•™μŠ΅κ³΅λ™μ²΄ μ°Έμ—¬, 각쒅 λ°œν‘œ 및 자료 개발 κ²½ν—˜μ„ 톡해 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄ ν•™μŠ΅ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 이와 같은 각각의 ν•™μŠ΅ 방식듀은 μ’…ν•©μ μœΌλ‘œ μž‘μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μ‹€μ²œμ— 도움을 μ£Όκ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅ 방식듀 μ€‘μ—μ„œ 특히 μˆ˜μ—…μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ„±κ³Ό 기둝, κ΅μ‚¬ν•™μŠ΅κ³΅λ™μ²΄ μ°Έμ—¬κ°€ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ ν•™μŠ΅μ— κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯을 μ£Όκ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ ꡐ사 μžμ‹ μ—κ²Œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ ν•™μŠ΅μ˜ μž₯이 되기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ°˜μ„±μ  λ…Έλ ₯이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ©°, ꡬ체적인 μˆ˜μ—… λ°˜μ„±μ˜ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ κΈ°λ‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ κ΅μ‚¬ν•™μŠ΅κ³΅λ™μ²΄ μ°Έμ—¬λŠ” μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ ν™œμš©κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 지식과 정보λ₯Ό μŠ΅λ“ν•˜λŠ” μ›μ²œμ΄ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ , λ‹€λ₯Έ ν—Œμ‹ μ μ΄κ³  열정적인 κ΅μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ 긍정적인 영ν–₯을 λ°›κ²Œ λ˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ‘€λͺ¨λΈλ‘œ 삼을 수 μžˆλŠ” 기회λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•΄μ£Όμ—ˆμœΌλ©°, μ°Έμ—¬ κ΅μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ 심리적 μ•ˆμ •κ°κ³Ό μ†Œμ†κ°μ„ 느끼게 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 이와 같은 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 결둠을 얻을 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 첫째, μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 인식, μ‹€ν–‰ 및 ν•™μŠ΅ 방식을 νƒμƒ‰ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ 심성적 자질이 인식과 μ‹€ν–‰, ν•™μŠ΅ λ°©μ‹μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬ 슀슀둜의 인성과 μžμ§ˆμ€ 체윑 μˆ˜μ—…κ³Ό 슀포츠클럽 지도, λ°©κ³Όν›„ ν™œλ™ μ§€λ„μ—μ„œ μ–΄λ–€ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œλ“  λ“œλŸ¬λ‚˜κ³  있으며, 학생듀은 μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ νƒœλ„μ— κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯을 λ°›κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬ 슀슀둜 μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ§„μ§€ν•˜κ³ λ„ 깊이 μžˆλŠ” 고민이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ©°, λŠ₯λ ₯적 μžμ§ˆμ„ κ°–μΆ”λ €λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 심성적 μžμ§ˆμ„ κ³„λ°œν•˜λ €λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ μžμ‹ λ§Œμ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ² ν•™μ„ κ°–μΆ”λŠ” 것이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 어렀움을 κ²ͺκ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μœΌλ©°, 이와 같은 어렀움은 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ ν˜„ν™©κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ 어렀움일 μˆ˜λ„ 있고, μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μžμ²΄μ— λ‚΄μž¬ν•œ 어렀움일 μˆ˜λ„ 있으며, 이 두 가지 어렀움이 ν•¨κ»˜ μž‘μš©ν•΄μ„œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚Έ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 어렀움일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 이λ₯Ό κ·Ήλ³΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 무엇을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ  것인지에 λŒ€ν•œ κ΅μœ‘μ² ν•™μ  고민을 λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μžμ‹ μ˜ ν˜„μž₯κ³Ό λ§₯락에 μ ν•©ν•œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ„ μ‹€μ²œν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ°˜μ„±μ„ ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ μˆ˜μ •ν•˜κ³  λ³΄μ™„ν•˜λ €λŠ” 지속적 λ…Έλ ₯이 μ ˆμ‹€νžˆ μš”κ΅¬λœλ‹€. μ…‹μ§Έ, μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 인식, μ‹€ν–‰ 및 ν•™μŠ΅ 방식을 μ’…ν•©ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό 인성을 잘 κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” μ²΄μœ‘μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 잘 μ€€λΉ„ν•˜κ³  κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” κ΅μ‚¬λΌλŠ” 것이닀. μˆ˜μ—…μ€ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μ‹€ν–‰μ˜ μž₯이기도 ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ™μ‹œμ— ν•™μŠ΅μ˜ μž₯이 λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€. μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ€ ꡐ사 νƒœλ„, μˆ˜μ—… 운영, ν™˜κ²½ μ‘°μ„±μ˜ 방법을 총체적으둜 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ„ μ „λ‹¬ν•˜λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν•œλ‹€. λ™μ‹œμ— κ΅μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ μˆ˜μ—…μ€ ν•™μƒλ“€κ³Όμ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ 톡해 μžμ‹ μ˜ μž₯점과 단점을 λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³ , λ°˜μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°νšŒκ°€ λœλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ 잘 λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ꡐ사 μžμ‹ λ„ 행볡해지고, μžμ‹ μ΄ 행볡해져야 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ΄ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 될 수 μžˆλŠ” μ„ μˆœν™˜μ΄ λ°œμƒλ˜λŠ” 것이닀. λ”°λΌμ„œ 인성을 잘 κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λ €λŠ” μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λŠ” μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 잘 μ€€λΉ„ν•˜κ³  κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λ €λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. λ„·μ§Έ, μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ΄ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μ‹€μ²œλ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ν•™κ΅μ˜ 문화와 풍토, 정책적 지원이 ν•„μˆ˜μ μ΄λ‹€. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ€ μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬ ν˜Όμžμ„œ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹Œ 만큼 μ •μ±…κ³Ό ν•™κ΅μ˜ λ¬Έν™”, 풍토가 ꡐ사듀끼리 ν˜‘λ ₯ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 지원해주어야 ν•œλ‹€. ꡐ사듀끼리 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ„œλ‘œ μ†Œν†΅ν•˜κ³  κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” 기회λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•΄μ€„ 수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹€μ§ˆμ  μ •μ±… 지원과 κ΄€λ¦¬μžμ™€ ꡐ사 κ³΅λ™μ˜ 풍토 μ‘°μ„± λ…Έλ ₯이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³Ό 및 λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό ν† λŒ€λ‘œ ν˜„μ§κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό 후속연ꡬλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같이 μ œμ–Έν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν˜„μ§κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 첫째, 체윑과 ν˜„μ§κ΅μ‚¬μ—°μˆ˜μ—μ„œ 적극적으둜 μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ—°μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•΄μ£Όμ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, ꡐ사듀이 κ΅μ‚¬ν•™μŠ΅κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ— 적극적으둜 μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜λ„λ‘ 지원할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. μ…‹μ§Έ, μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ μžμ‹ μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό λ°œν‘œν•˜κ³  κ³΅μœ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κΈ°νšŒκ°€ 제곡될 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ„·μ§Έ, 톡합적 온라인 자료 곡유 ν”Œλž«νΌμ΄ 제곡될 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. 후속연ꡬλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 첫째, λ°±μŠΉμˆ˜μ™€ λ°•μ •μ€€(2012)의 μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ œμ‹œν•œ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ μ‹€ν–‰ λ°©λ²•μ΄μž 원리인 μš΄λ™ν™”, ν•™μŠ΅ν™”, μ‚¬νšŒν™” 그리고 μŠ΅κ΄€ν™”, 인지화, 심성화에 λŒ€ν•œ 보닀 체계적이고 μžμ„Έν•œ 연ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, 쀑등학ꡐ μ²΄μœ‘μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κ³  λ°°μš°λŠ” 인성에 κ΄€λ ¨λœ 평가 도ꡬ 개발이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ ν•™κ΅μ²΄μœ‘ 인성정책 좔진을 μœ„ν•œ κΈ°κ΄€κ³Ό 쑰직의 μ—­ν• κ³Ό 쀑μž₯κΈ° μš΄μ˜μ— κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€.I. μ„œλ‘  1 1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„± 1 2. 연ꡬλͺ©μ  7 3. μ—°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ œ 7 4. μš©μ–΄μ˜ μ •μ˜ 7 5. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ œν•œμ  8 β…‘. 이둠적 λ°°κ²½ 9 1. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ 동ν–₯ 9 κ°€. κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •κ³Ό μ •μ±… 동ν–₯ 9 λ‚˜. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ 연ꡬ 동ν–₯ 26 λ‹€. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ§„ν₯법 36 2. 인성과 체윑·슀포츠 39 κ°€. μŠ€ν¬μΈ λ§¨μ‹­ ꡐ윑 40 λ‚˜. λΉ„ν–‰ν™œλ™ 예방 ꡐ윑 47 λ‹€. 전인적 μ²­μ†Œλ…„ μœ‘μ„± 49 3. ν•™κ΅μ²΄μœ‘κ³Ό μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ 53 κ°€. μ •κ·œ 체윑 μˆ˜μ—… 53 λ‚˜. ν•™κ΅μŠ€ν¬μΈ ν΄λŸ½ 56 λ‹€. 기타 체윑 ν™œλ™ 60 β…’. 연ꡬ방법 63 1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 섀계 63 κ°€. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 방법둠적 관점 63 λ‚˜. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 절차 65 2. 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μž 67 3. μžλ£Œμˆ˜μ§‘ 69 κ°€. 심측 λ©΄λ‹΄ 69 λ‚˜. λΉ„μ°Έμ—¬ κ΄€μ°° 72 λ‹€. ν˜„μ§€ λ¬Έμ„œ 73 4. μžλ£ŒλΆ„μ„ 74 κ°€. 자료 기술 76 λ‚˜. 자료 뢄석 76 λ‹€. 자료 해석 77 5. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 진싀성 77 κ°€. 닀각도 뢄석 77 λ‚˜. 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μžμ— μ˜ν•œ κ²€ν†  μž‘μ—… 78 λ‹€. λ™λ£Œ κ°„ ν˜‘μ˜ 78 6. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 윀리 78 β…£. κ²°κ³Ό 및 λ…Όμ˜ 80 1. μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인식 80 κ°€. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 의미 80 1) μž„μ‹œμ²˜λ°©μ•½ 80 2) κ°κ°œμ „νˆ¬ 82 3) λœ¬κ΅¬λ¦„ 작기 86 λ‚˜. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 방법 89 1) κ΅μ‚¬μžμ²΄κ°€ 메세지 89 2) 적극적 κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ • μž¬κ΅¬μ„± 94 λ‹€. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ 쑰건 98 1) λ°©ν–₯성을 가진 μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ μ •μ±… 98 2) μΈμ„±μΉœν™”μ  학ꡐ 풍토 101 3) κ΅μœ‘μ² ν•™ μ„Έμš°κΈ° 108 라. μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘μ˜ ν•œκ³„ 112 1) μž¦μ€ κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ • κ°œμ •κ³Ό λŠμŠ¨ν•œ μ •μ±… 관리 112 2) μ„±κ³Όκ°€ 보이지 μ•ŠλŠ” λ…Έλ ₯ 115 3) 무기λ ₯κ³Ό 거뢀감 120 마. μš”μ•½ 및 μ’…ν•© 뢄석 124 2. μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ μ‹€ν–‰ 방법 127 κ°€. ꡐ사 νƒœλ„ 128 1) λͺ¨λ²”보이기 128 2) 학생과 관계 λ§ΊκΈ° 131 λ‚˜. μˆ˜μ—… 운영 134 1) 슀포츠 기술과 κ·œμΉ™ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κΈ° 134 2) κ°„μ ‘ μ²΄ν—˜ ν™œλ™ μ œκ³΅ν•˜κΈ° 140 3) 인성 κ°•μ‘° ν•™μŠ΅μžλ£Œ ν™œμš©ν•˜κΈ° 144 4) ν˜‘λ ₯적으둜 λͺ¨λ‘ ν™œλ™ μš΄μ˜ν•˜κΈ° 146 5) νŒ€κ΅¬ν˜Έ 및 μ„Έλ ˆλͺ¨λ‹ˆ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° 151 6) 총체적으둜 ν‰κ°€ν•˜κΈ° 153 λ‹€. ν™˜κ²½ μ‘°μ„± 158 1) κ³Όμ œν™œλ™λ¬Ό κ²Œμ‹œν•˜κΈ° 158 2) μˆ˜μ—… 용기ꡬλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ 인성 λ©”μ‹œμ§€ μ „λ‹¬ν•˜κΈ° 161 라. μš”μ•½ 및 μ’…ν•© 뢄석 163 3. μ²΄μœ‘κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μΈμ„±κ΅μœ‘ ν•™μŠ΅ 방식 167 κ°€. 개인적 κ²½ν—˜ 168 1) μˆ˜μ—…μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ„±κ³Ό 기둝 168 2) λ…μ„œμ™€ 온라인 맀체 ν™œμš© 173 λ‚˜. 곡식적 κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘ 180 1) μ—°μˆ˜ μ°Έμ—¬ 180 2) λŒ€ν•™μ› 진학 185 λ‹€. 비곡식적 κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘ 189 1) κ΅μ‚¬ν•™μŠ΅κ³΅λ™μ²΄ μ°Έμ—¬ 190 2) λ°œν‘œ 및 자료 개발 κ²½ν—˜ 195 라. μš”μ•½ 및 μ’…ν•© 뢄석 199 β…€. κ²°λ‘  및 μ œμ–Έ 204 1. κ²°λ‘  204 2. μ œμ–Έ 206 κ°€. ν˜„μ§κ΅μ‚¬κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μ œμ–Έ 206 κ°€. 후속연ꡬλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ œμ–Έ 208 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 212 λΆ€ 둝 241 Abastract 253Docto

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