25 research outputs found

    The Mediating Effect of Basic Psychological Needs on the Relation of Perceived Social Support and High School Students' Career Identity: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ง„๋กœ์ง€์ง€ ๋ฐ ๋˜๋ž˜ ์ง€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ง„๋กœ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ€๋ชจแ†ž๋˜๋ž˜ ์ง€์ง€์˜ ์ง์ ‘ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งค๊ฐœ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์˜ํ–ฅ๋งŒ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์™„์ „๋งค๊ฐœ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋น„๊ต๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์˜ 1, 2ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค 299๋ช…์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์„์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์ง„๋กœ์ง€์ง€ ์ค‘ ๋„๊ตฌ์  ์กฐ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ •์„œ์  ์ง€์ง€๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ฐ๋œ ๋˜๋ž˜ ์ง€์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ง„๋กœ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์š•๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•˜์œ„ ์š”์†Œ(์ž์œจ์„ฑ, ์œ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ, ๊ด€๊ณ„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ) ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง„๋กœ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ชจ ์ง„๋กœ์ง€์ง€์™€ ๋˜๋ž˜ ์ง€์ง€๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•˜์œ„ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ๋„ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ถ€๋ชจแ†ž๋˜๋ž˜ ์ง€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„๋กœ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ์— ๊ฐ„์ ‘์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์™„์ „๋งค๊ฐœ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งค๊ฐœ ๋ชจํ˜•๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ์˜ ๋งค๊ฐœํšจ๊ณผ ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์ ์‘๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋งค๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด ์˜จ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์‘์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋กœ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ด๋ก ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ง„๋กœ์ •์ฒด๊ฐ ํ˜•์„ฑ์˜ ์„ ํ–‰์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ง„๋กœํƒ์ƒ‰ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์š•๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š•๊ตฌ์ถฉ์กฑ์„ ๋•๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ๋˜๋ž˜์—ญํ• ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต์œก์  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ๊ณผ ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ์–ธ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.According to the theory of identity formation, parents and peers are assumed to be a major social agency in helping adolescents achieve career identity, but this assumption has rarely been tested empirically. Besides, the previous research has shown mixed results regarding the effects of parent and peer support on career identity so that it is difficult to reach a consistent conclusion. This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of basic psychological need satisfaction on the relation of perceived social support and adolescents' career identity based on the self-determination theory. For this purpose, a total of 299 students from two high schools in Seoul participated in the study. The results of correlational analyses showed that instrumental and emotional support from parents and peer support were positively correlated to career identity; basic psychological needs (for competence, relatedness, and autonomy) which are the foundation of self-determination were positively correlated to career identity; and career-related parent support and peer support were positively correlated to basic psychological need satisfaction. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that needs satisfaction mediated the effects of perceived parent and peer support on career identity and that the direct effect of perceived social support on career identity was not significant. The finding suggests that basic psychological needs facilitate the development of career identity through adolescents voluntary and intentional career exploration behaviors in pursuing their needs satisfaction and by allowing them for a sense of confidence in their chosen career. These psychological needs, in turn, can be fulfilled through parents' support on their offsprings' school and career related behaviors and the supportive relations with peers. Based on the findings, educational implications and future research directions were suggested

    The Relationship of Epistemological Beliefs and Critical Thinking Dispositions as Predictors for College Course Achievement

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    ์ธ์‹๋ก ์  ์‹ ๋…์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์—๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ(๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜)๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” Kuhn์˜ ์ธ์‹๋ก ์  ์ดํ•ด ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ธ์‹๋ก ์  ์‹ ๋…๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ธ์ง€์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ธ์ง€์  ์„ฑํ–ฅ ๋ณ€์ธ(์‹ ๋…, ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑํ–ฅ, ๋™๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ)์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด, ์ธ์‹๋ก ์  ์‹ ๋…๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ ฅ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ์˜ ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์†Œ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹ ๋…๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ์‹ ๋…์ด ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์†Œ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹ ๋… ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ํ•™์Šต๋งŒ์ด ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•˜์œ„ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ •์ค€์ƒ๊ด€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ, ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ, ์„ฑ์ˆ™, ๋ถ„์„์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์  ํŒ๋‹จ, ์ฆ์ง„๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ์ž‘์—…, ์ ์ง„์  ํ•™์Šต์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ์ธ์‹๋ก ์  ์‹ ๋…์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑํ–ฅ์€ ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ณ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ธ์‹๋ก ์  ์‹ ๋…์€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋ณ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ž ์ •์  ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์ ์ง„์  ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋…์€ ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ๋ฅผ ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋…์€ ํ•™์—…์„ฑ์ทจ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ, ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ์ธ์‹๋ก ์  ์‹ ๋…์˜ ์ฆ์ง„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์ด ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. This study, based on Kuhn's developmental model linking levels of epistemological understanding and critical thinking, attempted to investigate the relationship of epistemological beliefs and critical thinking dispositions and also to analyze the effects of epistemological beliefs and critical thinking dispositions on college course achievement which requires a variety of thinking skills of college students. The results of correlation analysis showed that sophisticated belief rather than naive belief was significantly related to critical thinking dispositions, and among sub factors of naive belief, especially 'quick learning' was negatively correlated with all sub factors of critical thinking dispositions. The results of canonical correlational analysis indicated that critical thinking dispositions representing curiosity, confidence, openness, maturity, and analytic disposition were strongly related to sophisticated epistemological beliefs representing beliefs in critical evaluation, incremental ability, rational process, and gradual learning. The results of regression analysis showed that thinking disposition was not a significant predictor of college course achievement while epistemological belief was a significant predictor. Beliefs in tentative knowledge and gradual learning positively predicted achievement, but rational process negatively predicted achievement. Based on the results, the implications for increasing sophisticated epistemological beliefs were discussed

    A Review of Research on the Effects of Critical Thinking Instruction: Issues and Future Research Directions

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    ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ต์œก ํšจ๊ณผ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ์™€ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ด๋ก ์  ์Ÿ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์˜์—ญ์„ฑ ๊ด€์ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ต์ˆ˜์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์—ญ-์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ์ž…์žฅ๊ณผ ํŠน์ • ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๋Š” ์˜์—ญ-ํŠน์ˆ˜์  ์ž…์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์„ฑ ๊ด€์ ์€ ๊ต์ˆ˜์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์˜ ์„ ํƒ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. Ennis๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ๊ต๊ณผ๋…๋ฆฝํ˜•, ๊ต๊ณผ์ ‘๋ชฉํ˜•, ๊ต๊ณผ๋‚ด์žฌํ˜•, ๊ต๊ณผํ˜ผํ•ฉํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์ค‘ ๊ต๊ณผ๋…๋ฆฝํ˜•์€ ์˜์—ญ-์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ก ์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์„ ํ˜ธ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ต๊ณผ-๋‚ด์žฌํ˜•์€ ์˜์—ญ-ํŠน์ˆ˜๋ก ์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์˜นํ˜ธ๋˜๋Š” ๊ต์ˆ˜์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ต์ˆ˜์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ต๊ณผ๋…๋ฆฝํ˜• ์ ‘๊ทผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์—…ํ™œ๋™ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•  ๋•Œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๊ต๊ณผ๋‚ด์žฌํ˜• ์ ‘๊ทผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต๊ณผ์ˆ˜์—… ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ ฅ ๊ต์œก์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ต๊ณผ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ณผ์ œ์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ๋•Œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๊ต์ˆ˜์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ์ผ๊ด€๋  ๋•Œ ๊ต์œกํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ „๋žต์€ ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๋ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์ž์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์ทจ์ˆ˜์ค€, ๊ต์ˆ˜์ž ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ, ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ต์œก์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์‹์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ, ๋น„ํŒ์  ํƒœ๋„ ๊ณ„๋ฐœ๊ณผ ์ „์ด, ๊ต๊ณผ๋…๋ฆฝํ˜• ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ดˆ์  ํ™•๋Œ€, ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ์ œ์–ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. This study reviews research on the effects of critical thinking instruction and draws the implication for future research directions. Firstly, the study discusses the concept of critical thinking and the issues related to generalizability of and instructional approaches to critical thinking. There are two conflicting perspectives-domain-general and domain-specific approaches-on the nature and genenralizability of critical thinking which, in turn, affect instructional approaches to critical thinking. These approaches can be classified into 4 different types according to Ennis: general, infusion, immersion, and mixed approaches. Advocates of the domain-general approach prefer a general approach while specificists prefer an immersion approach. Previous empirical research on the effects of critical thinking instruction show that in a general approach, stand-alone critical thinking programs were implemented and their effects were examined using standardized, domain-general critical thinking tests while in an immersion approach, critical thinking was immersed in the subject matter instruction and evaluated by domain-specific tasks. Moreover, meta-analytic studies show that when the instructional approach was consistent with evaluation methods, that is, domain-general tests were used in a general approach and domain-specific tasks in an immersion approach, the effect size tended to be the largest. Based on the review, studies exploring the moderating effect of knowledge on critical thinking instruction, transfer of critical thinking skills and dispositions, extension of the curriculum content of stand-alone programs, and evaluation studies of critical thinking were suggested as future research

    College Students' Approaches to Writing Processes and Their Relation to Writing Performance: An Exploratory Study

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    ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง€์‹์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ ฅ ๊ณ„๋ฐœํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ต์ˆ˜ใ†ํ‰ ๊ฐ€์  ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ต์œก์€ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์ธ์ง€์ฃผ์˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆœ์ฐจ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋…ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ถ€๊ฐ๋˜ ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ(approach to writing processes) ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ๋…(๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?)๊ณผ ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ „๋žต์„ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์€ ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ๋…ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‹ ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ๋…๊ณผ ์ „๋žต๋“ค์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค ํƒœ๋„์š”์ธ์ด ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์— ์žฌํ•™ ์ค‘์ธ ํ•™์ƒ 303 ๋ช…์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(deep writing)๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(surface writing)์„ ์ธ์ง€์™€ ์ •์„œ ์  ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”ํ•œ IPCC(the Inventory of Processes in College Composition)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜์™€ ์—์„ธ์ด ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ ์„ฑ์ ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ฌ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(์“ฐ๊ธฐํšจ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ, ํ•™์Šต๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ, ๋…์ž๋ฏผ๊ฐ์„ฑ, ์˜๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์„ฑ, ๋ฐ˜์ถ”/๊ต์ • ์ ‘๊ทผ)๊ณผ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ(์ฆ‰ํฅ์„ฑ/๋ฌด๊ณ„ํš์„ฑ, ์™ธ์žฌ์  ๋™๊ธฐ, ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ฌ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์  ์ƒ๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ํ•˜์œ„ ์š”์ธ ์ค‘ ๋ฐ˜์ถ”/๊ต์ • ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ๋…์ž๋ฏผ๊ฐ์„ฑ์€ ์—์„ธ์ด ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋ฌผ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐ˜์ถ”/๊ต์ • ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ ์ „์ฒด ์„ฑ์ ์„ ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์ธต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์ค€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ•์ขŒ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ์˜ˆ ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์ด๋ก ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ ๋„ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ต์œกํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋…ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Writing has been employed as an valuable instructional and evaluative tool for enhancing knowledge production and thinking skills as well as academic communication at the context of higher education. While various programs for college writing are being provided, writing instruction is still conceptualized as an activity to teach sequential and independent skills and procedures based on the traditional cognitive model of writing. Recently, the approach-to-writing model is receiving attention as an alternative model for explaining writing processes, which assumes that in order to improve students' writing performance, their beliefs and understanding of writing processes (e. g. What is writing? For what purposes do we write?), identity as a writer, and writing strategies they use should be modified first. Based on this notion, this study aims to explore college students' different approaches to writing and to analyze the relation between writing approaches and writing performance. To this end, a total of 303 students who were enrolled at a private university participated in the study. The Inventory of Process in College Composition (IPCC) was administered to the students and the relation of the scale scores of IPCC with the quality of essay writing and course grades were analyzed. As a result, five factors constituting a deep approach (writing efficacy, writing as a learning tool, reader sensitivity, meaning-making, and reflection/revisionist) and three factors representing a surface approach (spontaneity/no plan, extrinsic motivation, and rule-bound) were identified. All deep approaches were negatively correlated with all other surface approaches except for the rule-bound orientation. Reader sensitivity and reflection/revisionist approach predicted the quality of essay, while reflection/revisionist and rule-bound approaches were predictive of course grades. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications for college writing were suggested

    A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of School Violence Prevention Programs in Korea

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    This study purports to evaluate the effectiveness of school violence prevention programs and to identify the success factors of these programs. To search for the previous studies, we searched through web databases including keris, nanet, kiss, dapia, the Korean Psychology Association, etc., using as key words school violence, aggressiveness, bullying, delinquency, perpetrators, victims, prevention, and effect size. We selected a total of 23 publications including journal articles, theses, and dissertations which employed a pretest-posttest control group design and standardized measurement tools. A total of 96 effect size values were calculated by using the CMA(Comprehensive Meta Analysis) V2 program. The results show that the total program effect size value based on the random effect model was high. The analysis of effect sizes as to program characteristics reveal that the effect size values for intensive awareness-evoking programs were significantly higher than those for programs which attempted to indirectly intervene the participants psychological traits. Such program strategies were associated with not only a reduction in violent behavior but also enhanced social-emotional skills. It was also shown that as the total number of sessions increased, the effect size values became significantly higher. Small group activities focused on high school students had a larger effect size value. Based on the findings, implications for future research and program implementation were discussed.์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™๊ตํญ๋ ฅ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ •๋ณด์„œ๋น„์Šค, ๊ตญํšŒ๋„์„œ๊ด€, ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ์ค‘์•™๋„์„œ๊ด€, ํ•œ๊ตญ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™ํšŒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์—์„œ ํ•™๊ตํญ๋ ฅ, ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ฑ, ๊ดด๋กญํž˜, ์™•๋”ฐ, ๋น„ํ–‰, ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž, ํ”ผํ•ด์ž, ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ, ํšจ๊ณผํฌ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ค‘์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ, ํ†ต์ œ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ด 23ํŽธ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์ด 96๊ฐœ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผํฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ’์€ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ถ„์„ ์ „๋ฌธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ CMA(Comprehensive Meta Analysis) V2๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋žœ๋คํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผํฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ’์ด ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํšจ๊ณผํฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ•™๊ตํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์ ‘๊ต์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์ฒดํ—˜๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์š”์ธ์— ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์  ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์ •์„œ ๊ฐœ์„  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์—ฐ๋ น์ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™์ƒ์ผ ๋•Œ, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์‹ค์‹œ ํšŒ๊ธฐ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋Œ€์ง‘๋‹จ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ์ง‘๋‹จ ํ™œ๋™์—์„œ ํšจ๊ณผํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ›„์†์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์šด์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์ด ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค

    Importance-Performance Analysis on College Students' Conceptions of Academic Ethics

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    ์ง€์‹๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์„ฑ์ˆ™๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์œค๋ฆฌ์›์น™ ๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์–‘์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์œค๋ฆฌ ํ™•๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฒœ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ K๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์žฌํ•™์ƒ 183(๋‚จ: 142, ์—ฌ: 41)๋ช…์ด๋ฉฐ, ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋Š” โ€˜ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌโ€™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑ, ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋„์šฉ, ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ๋งค ๋“ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœ๊ณผ ์งœ๊น๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ์ธ์‹์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ํ•™์Šต ์œค๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํ–‰๋„(์ค€์ˆ˜์ •๋„)์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑ, ์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœ, ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ๋งค ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๋†’๊ฒŒ(์ฆ‰, ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ) ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์งœ๊น๊ธฐ์™€ ํ‘œ์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ–‰๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœ, ์งœ๊น๊ธฐ, ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ ๋งค, ํ‘œ์ ˆ, ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑ์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ ์œ„๋ฐ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” โ€˜๋” ์ข‹์€ ํ•™์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•์‹ฌโ€™, โ€˜์‹œ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑโ€™, โ€˜์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑโ€™์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํ•™์—…์ˆ˜ํ–‰(์ถœ์„, ํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ œ, ์‹œํ—˜ ๋“ฑ) ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์‹œํ—˜, ์‹œํ—˜๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„, ๋ฌด์ž„์Šน์ฐจ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋†’์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ถœ์„๊ณผ ๋ฌด๋‹จ์กฐํ‡ด๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํ–‰๋„์—์„œ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„-์‹คํ–‰๋„ ์ ์ˆ˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ถœ์„, ๋ฌด๋‹จ์กฐํ‡ด, ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ํ•™์Šต์œค๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„ ์ฐจ์ด ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๋†’์œผ๋‚˜ ์‹คํ–‰๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์•ฝ์  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์ค‘๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ โ€˜ํ‘œ์ ˆโ€™, โ€˜์œ„์กฐโ€™, โ€˜๋ณ€์กฐโ€™๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ•์  ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” โ€˜๊ณผ์ œ๋ฌผ ๊ตฌ๋งคโ€™, โ€˜๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ž‘์„ฑโ€™, โ€˜์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋„์šฉโ€™๊ณผ โ€˜๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์‹œํ—˜โ€™, โ€˜๋ฌด์ž„์Šน์ฐจโ€™, โ€˜์‹œํ—˜๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„โ€™๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„์™€ ์‹คํ–‰๋„์˜ ์ธ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ โ€˜์งœ๊น๊ธฐโ€™๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ โ€˜๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ถœ์„โ€™, โ€˜๋ฌด๋‹จ์กฐํ‡ดโ€™ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”๋„๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹คํ–‰๋„๋Š” ๋น„๊ต์  ๋†’์€ ํˆฌ์ž ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘๋„ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” โ€˜์ค‘๋ณต์ œ์ถœโ€™ ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Nowadays โ€˜academic honesty/academic integrity' becomes an important issue in the research community. The issue of โ€˜academic ethicsโ€™ is particularly relevant to college students. The purpose of the present study was to analyze college students' conceptions of โ€˜academic ethics'. For this purpose, one hundred eighty-three (142 males and 41 female) college students were recruited from K University in Seoul. The survey instrument used for the study consisted of thirteen questions regarding academic ethics. The results of the study were summarized as follows: First, the college students reported high importance in compliance with the items of agency creating, idea stealing, and homework buying, but they reported lower importance on the items of weaves in writing and duplicate submission. Second, students also reported high importance in compliance with the items of surrogate test, test cheating, and free riding in homeworks, but they reported lower importance on the items of valet attendance and unauthorized leaving early. For the items of performance, compliance scores showed a similar trend. Lastly, the results of the importance-performance analysis showed that the items of academic ethics in the 'concentrate' area were 'plagiarism', 'fake', and 'modulation', respectively. In conclusion, plagiarism as a violation of academic ethics may occur when students don't know how to appropriately quote from resources. In order to establish 'academic ethics' code for college students in university, we should design, develop, and implement appropriate courses such as 'research ethics,' 'academic writing,' etc
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