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    Gene expression analysis of hormone receptor positive breast cancer under the age of 35

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ μ˜ν•™κ³Ό 외과학전곡, 2016. 2. λ…Έλ™μ˜.35 μ„Έ λ―Έλ§Œμ—μ„œμ˜ μœ λ°©μ•”μ€ μ„œμ–‘λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” λ™μ–‘μ—μ„œ μƒλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ λΉˆλ„κ°€ λ†’λ‹€. 그리고 이 경우 일반적으둜 μ˜ˆν›„κ°€ λ‚˜μ˜λ©°, 특히 μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„±μ˜ μœ λ°©μ•”μ—μ„œλŠ” ν•­ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬μΉ˜λ£Œλ₯Ό 받은 κ²½μš°λΌλ„ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ—°λ Ήμ˜ 같은 κ²½μš°μ— λΉ„ν•΄ μ˜ˆν›„κ°€ 쒋지 μ•Šλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μž„μƒ 결과에 λŒ€ν•œ 기전은 잘 μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆμ§€ μ•Šλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” 이와 같이 λ‚˜μœ μ˜ˆν›„μ˜ μž„μƒμ  κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 보여 μ£ΌλŠ” 35 μ„Έ 미만 μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•”μ—μ„œμ˜ νŠΉμ§•μ μΈ μœ μ „μž λ°œν˜„ 양상을 보고자 ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” 35 μ„Έ 미만의 μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•” 쑰직과 40 μ„Έ 이상 폐경 μ „ μ—¬μ„±μ—μ„œμ˜ μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•” 쑰직을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ cDNA microarray λ₯Ό μ‹œν–‰ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 이λ₯Ό 톡해 두 κ΅°κ°„ μœ μ˜ν•œ λ°œν˜„μ˜ 차이λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μœ μ „μžλ“€μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ , 이듀 μœ μ „μžλ“€μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ pathway analysis λ₯Ό ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 그리고 120 λͺ…μ˜ μœ λ°©μ•” 쑰직을 μ΄μš©ν•œ whole transcriptome sequencing 을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 얻어진 λ°μ΄ν„°μ—μ„œ μ—μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œμ   수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•” 및 세포 주기와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ μœ μ „μžλ“€μ„ μ„ μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·Έ λ‹€μŒ, μ›Ή 기반의 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ (Kaplan-Meier plotter, SurvExpress)을 톡해 이 μœ μ „μžλ“€μ˜ μž„μƒμ  결과듀에 λŒ€ν•œ 예츑λ ₯을 μ˜€ν”ˆ μ†ŒμŠ€ μœ μ „μž λ°œν˜„ 데이터듀을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ²€μ¦ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΅œμ’…μ μœΌλ‘œ 35 μ„Έ 미만의 μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•” 쑰직과 그에 λŒ€μ‘ν•˜λŠ” 40 μ„Έ 이상 49 μ„Έ μ΄ν•˜μ˜ μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•” 쑰직을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬, μ„ μ •λœ μœ μ „μžκ΅°μ˜ λ°œν˜„μ„ RNA sequencing 을 톡해 비ꡐ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. cDNA microarray 결과상 세포 증식과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ μœ μ „μžλ“€μ˜ λ°œν˜„μ΄ 35 μ„Έ 미만의 μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•” μ‘°μ§μ—μ„œ λ†’κ²Œ λ‚˜μ™”κ³ , 이듀 μœ μ „μžλ“€μ„ μ΄μš©ν•œ pathway analysis κ²°κ³Ό, 세포 주기와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ pathway κ°€ μœ μ˜ν•˜κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 이 결과와 Whole transcriptome sequencing κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ—μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œκ² 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•”μ—μ„œ λ°œν˜„μ΄ 높은 μƒμœ„ 40 개의 μœ μ „μžλ“€κ³Ό 세포 주기와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬ μ£Όμš”ν•œ μœ μ „μžμΈ CCNB1 κ³Ό λ°œν˜„ 상 높은 상관성을 보여쀀 μƒμœ„ 40 개의 μœ μ „μžλ“€μ„ μ„ μ •ν•˜μ—¬ 총 80 개의 μœ μ „μžκ΅°μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆλ‹€. Kaplan-Meier plotter 와 SurvExpress 둜 μ˜€ν”ˆ μ†ŒμŠ€ 데이터λ₯Ό 톡해 μ˜ˆν›„ 연관성에 λŒ€ν•΄ κ²€μ¦ν•˜μ˜€λŠ”λ° Kaplan-Meier plotter μ—μ„œλŠ” μœ μ „μžκ΅°μ˜ 평균 λ°œν˜„μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆˆ 두 κ΅°μ—μ„œ 세포 μ£ΌκΈ° κ΄€λ ¨ μœ μ „μžλ“€μ˜ λ°œν˜„μ΄ 높은 경우 recurrence-free survival 에 λŒ€ν•œ Hazard ratio κ°€ 2.66(log rank p=8.4e-11)둜 λ‚˜μ™”μœΌλ©°, SurvExpress 둜 μ‹œν–‰ν•œ κ²€μ¦μ—μ„œλ„ μœ μ „μžκ΅°μ˜ λ°œν˜„μ— λ”°λ₯Έ μœ„ν—˜λ„λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆˆ 두 ꡰ을 4 개의 μ˜€ν”ˆ μ†ŒμŠ€ λ°μ΄ν„°μ—μ„œ λ³Έ κ²°κ³Ό, μœ λ°©μ•” ν™˜μžλ“€μ˜ μ˜ˆν›„λ₯Ό μœ μ˜ν•˜κ²Œ λ‚˜λˆŒ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 그리고 targeted RNA sequencing κ²°κ³Ό 35 μ„Έ 미만의 μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•” μ‘°μ§μ—μ„œ 같은 쑰건의 40 λŒ€μ— λΉ„ν•΄ 높은 λ°œν˜„μ„ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 세포 μ£ΌκΈ° κ΄€λ ¨ μœ μ „μžλ“€μ΄ λ§Žμ•˜λ‹€. μ •λ¦¬ν•˜λ©΄ 35 μ„Έ 미만의 μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„±μ˜ μœ λ°©μ•”μ€ κ·Έ 이상 μ—°λ Ήμ˜ 폐경 μ „ μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•”μ— λΉ„ν•΄ 세포 주기와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ μœ μ „μž λ°œν˜„μ΄ λ†’κ³ , μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ νŠΉμ§•μ΄ μž„μƒμ μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜μœ μ˜ˆν›„λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” 원인이 될 수 μžˆλ‹€.μ„œλ‘  1 μœ λ°©μ•”μ˜ ν˜„ν™© 1 35μ„Έ 미만의 μ—¬μ„±μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ μœ λ°©μ•”μ˜ λ‚˜μœ μ˜ˆν›„ 2 35μ„Έ 미만 μ—¬μ„±μ—μ„œμ˜ μœ λ°©μ•”μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μœ μ˜ˆν›„μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨λœ μž„μƒλ³‘λ¦¬ μΈμžλ“€ 4 35μ„Έ 미만 μ—¬μ„±μ—μ„œμ˜ μ—¬μ„±ν˜Έλ₯΄λͺ¬ 수용체 μ–‘μ„± μœ λ°©μ•”μ˜ λ‚˜μœ μ˜ˆν›„ 7 μ Šμ€ μ—¬μ„± μœ λ°©μ•”μ˜ λΆ„μž 생물학적 νŠΉμ§• 11 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ  13 연ꡬ방법 16 cDNA microarray 16 Whole transcriptome sequencing 17 In silico validation 18 Targeted RNA sequencing 19 연ꡬ결과 22 Analysis of cDNA microarray 22 Selection of genes by whole transcriptome sequencing data 28 In silico validation 35 Targeted RNA sequencing 41 κ³ μ°° 47 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 57 Abstract 65Docto

    The Impact of Primary Tumor Resection on the Survival of Patients with Stage IV Breast Cancer

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    Purpose The main treatment for stage IV breast cancer is currently systemic therapy. Surgical resection of the primary tumor is usually done for treating the tumor-related complications Recent studies have suggested that surgery may improve the long-term survival of stage IV breast cancer patients We evaluated the impact of the primary surgical resection site on the survival of stage IV breast cancer patients. Methods We reviewed the records of the stage IV breast cancer patients who were treated at Seoul University Hospital between April 1992 and December 2007 The tumor and clinical characteristics, the type of treatments and the overall survival were compared between the surgically versus nonsurgically treated patients. Results. Of the 198 identified patients, 110 (55 8%) received surgical excision of their primary tumor and 88 (44 2%) did not The mean survival was 67 months vs. 42 months for the surgically treated patients vs the patients without surgery, respectively (p=0 0287) On a multivariate analysis with using the Cox model and after adjusting for the estrogen receptor status, visceral metastases, the number of metastatic sites and trastuzumab treatment, surgery was an independent factor for improved survival (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.31-0.97; p=0.041). Conclusion Surgical resection of the primary tumor in stage IV breast cancer patients was independently associated with improved survival. Randomized prospective trials are needed to firmly recommend surgical resection of the primary tumor in stage IV breast cancer patientsλ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 폐암, μœ λ°©μ•”/λ‚œμ†Œμ•” μœ μ „μ²΄ μ—°κ΅¬μ„Όν„°μ˜ 연ꡬ비λ₯Ό 지원받아 μˆ˜ν–‰ λ˜μ—ˆμŒ(01-PJ3-PG6-01GN07-0004).Bafford AC, 2009, BREAST CANCER RES TR, V115, P7, DOI 10.1007/s10549-008-0101-7Blanchard DK, 2008, ANN SURG, V247, P732, DOI 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181656d32*KOR BREAST CANC S, 2008, BREAST CANC FACTS FI, V1, P5Fields RC, 2007, ANN SURG ONCOL, V14, P3345, DOI 10.1245/s10434-007-9527-0Gnerlich J, 2007, ANN SURG ONCOL, V14, P2187, DOI 10.1245/s10434-007-9438-0Rapiti E, 2006, J CLIN ONCOL, V24, P2743, DOI 10.1200/JCO.2005.04.2226Morrow M, 2006, J CLIN ONCOL, V24, P2694, DOI 10.1200/JCO.2006.05.9824Babiera GV, 2006, ANN SURG ONCOL, V13, P776, DOI 10.1245/ASO.2006.03.033Hotta T, 2006, ANTICANCER RES, V26, P1377Abe O, 2005, LANCET, V366, P2087Andre F, 2004, J CLIN ONCOL, V22, P3302, DOI 10.1200/JCO.2004.08.095Giordano SH, 2004, CANCER, V100, P44, DOI 10.1002/cncr.11859Khan SA, 2002, SURGERY, V132, P620, DOI 10.1067/msy.2002.127544Flanigan RC, 2001, NEW ENGL J MED, V345, P1655Demicheli R, 2001, BRIT J CANCER, V85, P490Dauplat J, 2000, SEMIN SURG ONCOL, V19, P42Overgaard M, 1999, SEMIN RADIAT ONCOL, V9, P292DOGHETTO GB, 1999, AM SURGEON, V65, P352BLAND KI, 1998, BREAST COMPREHENSIVE, V2Ragaz J, 1997, NEW ENGL J MED, V337, P956OREILLY MS, 1994, CELL, V79, P315FISHER B, 1989, CANCER RES, V49, P1996*NAT CANC I, BREAST CANC TREATM P
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