마우스 비강으로 전달된 콜레라 톡신과 바실러스 서브틸리스 포자의 면역 조절 작용

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 농생명공학부, 2014. 2. 윤철희.In the respiratory system, chemokines, cytokines and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play important roles for regulation of immune response. AMPs can protect the foreign molecules and chemokines can recruit the leukocytes that can remove the pathogen. Cytokines can enhance the effect of AMPs and chemokines and activate various immune cells. The mucosal adjuvant has been studied by many researchers. Cholera toxin (CT), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Bacillus subtilis spore were, also, examined for the development of mucosal adjuvant. However, the effects of these adjuvants have not been understood completely through the administration of intranasal route in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In the present study, the effect of the mucosal adjuvants, CT, B. subtilis spore and LPS, was examined by the analysis on the expression of effector molecules and migration of leukocytes in the lung. The adjuvants, CT, B. subtilis spore or LPS, were administered through the intranasal route to mice maintained at SPF facility. Then lung, BALF and serum were taken from the mice at 6, 12, 24 and 72 hr and analyzed mRNA and protein levels of effector molecules. Furthermore, the migration of cells into BALF was examined through analysis of the surface marker using flow cytometer. The results showed that mRNA of CCL2, CCL4 and CXCL10 were induced by spore or LPS in the lung. However, there are no differences on the mRNA expression of AMPs between the adjuvants. Spore and LPS promoted the expression and secretion of CCL2 and CCL4 proteins in the lung and BALF. In analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, spore and LPS dramatically induced the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the lung and BALF. CT induced the increase of IL-6 in the serum. In analysis of surface marker, spore highly promoted the migration of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells at 6 hr and F4/80+CD11b+Gr-1- cells at 72 hr. LPS, also, induced the migration of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells at 12 and 24 hr. In conclusion, B. subtilis spore can induce the chemokine and cytokine expression in the lung and BALF and enhance the migration of neutrophils into BALF.I. Introduction 1 II. Review of Literature 3 1 Immune modulation in the lung 3 1.1 Recruitment of leukocytes in respiratory tract 3 1.2 Mucosal immunization via intranasal administration 3 2 Effector molecules in the lung 4 2.1 Chemokines 4 2.2 Anti-microbial peptides 5 2.3 Cytokines 7 3 The effect of mucosal adjuvant in lung 8 3.1 Cholera toxin 8 3.2 Lipopolysaccharide 9 3.3 Bacillus subtilis spore 10 III. Materials and Methods 12 1. Reagents 12 2. Preparation and isolation of Bacillus subtilis spore 12 3. Approval for animal study 12 4. Isolation of serum, lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) 13 5. Isolation of total lysate from lung 13 6. Isolation of total RNA from lung 13 7. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction 14 8. Real time - polymerase chain reaction 15 9. Analysis of surface marker 16 10. Measurement of chemokines and cytokines production 16 IV. Results and discussion 17 1. The mRNA of chemokines, CXCL10, CCL2 and CCL4, was remarkably increased in the whole lung of mouse treated with B. subtilis spore or LPS during the early phase of immune response 17 2. B. subtilis spore and LPS enhanced the secretion of CCL2 and CCL4 proteins into BALF during the early immune response. 20 3. CCL2 and CCL4 expression were induced by administration of B. subtilis spore and LPS in the lung 21 4. B. subtilis spore and LPS induced IL-1β expression in the lung 23 5. B. subtilis spore and LPS induced IL-6 and TNF-α secretion into BALF 24 6. B. subtilis spore and LPS promoted the recruitment of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells into BALF in early phase 27 V. Literature Cited 30 VI. Summary in Korean 41Maste

임신 쥐 모델에서 메틸수은 독성에 대한 셀레늄 및 참치의 해독작용

Thesis(master`s)--서울대학교 대학원 :협동과정 뇌과학전공,2005.Maste

배치 프로토콜을 위한 3진 트리를 이용한 ELK

학위논문(석사) --서울대학교 대학원 :수리과학부,2007.Maste

소재의 의인화를 통한 내면의식의 상징적 표현 연구 : 행운목을 소재로 한 본인의 작품을 중심으로

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :동양화과,1997.Maste

Langmuir-Blodgett 방법을 이용한 온도감응성 엘라스틴 유사 폴리펩타이드의 계면 거동 연구

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 바이오시스템.소재학부(바이오소재공학전공), 2014. 2. 현진호.본 연구에서는 Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) 방법을 이용하여 공기-물 계면에 흡착된 elastin-like polypeptide(ELP) 분자의 거동을 살펴보았다. ELP는 온도 자극에 의한 상전이(phase transition) 특성을 나타냄으로 다양한 온도 조건에서 물리적 압력에 따른 ELP의 계면 거동을 분석하기 위하여 표면압력-면적 등온선(surface pressure-area(π-A) isotherm)을 측정하였고 특정 조건하에서 계면에 형성된 단분자막을 mica 기판으로 전사하여 atomic force microscopy(AFM)으로 표면 구조를 측정하였다. 모든 조건에서 단분자막이 형성된 것으로 보아 ELP 분자가 계면에 안정적으로 흡착된다는 것을 확인하였으며 표면압력-면적 등온선의 형태와 단분자막의 표면 구조의 변화를 토대로 온도와 물리적 압력이 계면에 흡착된 ELP 분자의 이차구조와 분자 간 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다.제 1 장 서 론 1 제 2 장 문헌 연구 3 2.1 Elastin-like polypeptide(ELP)의 특성 3 2.2 Langmuir-blodgett(LB) 방법의 기본 이론 및 응용 6 2.2.1 LB 방법의 개념 6 2.2.2 LB 방법을 이용한 계면에서의 분자 거동 연구 9 제 3 장 재료 및 방법 13 3.1. Elastin-like polypeptide(ELP)의 제조 및 분석 13 3.1.1 ELP의 발현 및 정제 13 3.1.2 ELP의 특성 평가 16 3.2 Langmuir-blodgett(LB) 방법을 이용한 elastin-like polypeptide(ELP)의 계면 거동 분석 17 3.2.1 표면압력-면적 등온선(π-A isotherm) 측정 17 3.2.2 LB 방법을 이용한 ELP 단분자막 제조 17 3.2.3 Atomic force microscopy(AFM)를 이용한 ELP 단분자막의 표면 구조 분석 18 제 4 장 결과 및 고찰 19 4.1 Elastin-like polypeptide(ELP)의 특성 19 4.1.1 ELP의 상전이(phase transition) 19 4.1.2 ELP의 이차 구조(secondary structure) 19 4.2 Elastin-like polypeptide(ELP)의 계면 거동 23 4.2.1 ELP의 표면압력-면적 등온선(π-A isotherm) 분석 23 4.2.2 온도에 따른 표면압력-면적 등온선(π-A isotherm)의 변화 28 4.3 Elastin-like polypeptide(ELP) 단분자막의 표면 구조 분석 31 4.3.1 온도에 따른 ELP 단분자막의 표면 구조 변화 31 4.3.2 특정 온도 조건하에서 물리적 압력에 따른 ELP 단분자 막의 표면 구조 변화 36 4.4 온도와 물리적 압력에 따른 계면에서의 elastin-like polypeptide(ELP) 분자 구조와 분자 간 상호작용에 대한 도식화 43 4.5 계면에서의 elastin-like polypeptide(ELP) 이차구조 46 제 5 장 결 론 48 참고 문헌 50 Abstract 57Maste

Improvement in response speed of piezo actuator using digital PID servo-positional control and FIR filter

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :기계항공공학부,2005.Maste

Design of a SMA Coil Spring Actuator for Application in Micro Robotics

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 기계항공공학부, 2011.2. 조규진.Maste

EXPRESSION OF OD314 DURING AMELOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION AND MATURATION

법랑모세포는 법랑질을 형성하고 유지하는 세포로, 법랑질의 유기기질을 분비하고 법랑질 석회화 과정에도 관여한다. 치아 발생과정에서 법랑모세포의 분화는 순차적인 상피-간엽 상호작용에 의하여 조절되나, 분화나 성숙과정의 정확한 기전은 아직까지 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 최근에 상아모세포에서 처음 발견된 OD314가 치아 발생과정에서 상아질을 형성하는 상아모세포 뿐 아니라 법랑모세포에도 발현된다고 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 생쥐 하악 전치의 다양한 시기의 법랑모세포를 이용하여, 형태학적 분석과 in-situ hybridization에 의한 OD314 mRNA의 발현 그리고 OD314 항체를 이용한 면역조직화학적 분석을 통하여 OD314유전자의 법랑모세포 분화와 성숙과정에서의 역할을 연구하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 형태학적으로 법랑모세포는 분화 단계에 따라 분비 전단계 법랑모세포, 분비기 법랑모세포, 성숙기의 평탄끝 법랑모세포와 성숙기의 주름끝 법랑모세포로 구분되었다. 2. OD314 mRNA는 분비기의 법랑모세포에서부터 발현되기 시작하여 법랑모세포가 성숙해갈 수록 그 발현이 증가하였다. 3. OD314 단백질은 분비 전단계의 법랑모세포에서는 발현되지 않고, 분비기의 법랑모세포에서는 세포질에 전체적으로 발현되었다. 성숙기의 평탄끝 법랑모세포와 주름끝 법랑모세포에서는 세포의 근심과 원심끝단에 OD314 단백질이 강하게 발현되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 OD314는 법랑모세포의 분화와 성숙과정에서 세포질 내부에서 특징적인 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. Ameloblasts are responsible for the formation and maintenance of enamel which is an epithelially derived protective covering for teeth. Ameloblast differentiation is controlled by sequential epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. However, little is known about the differentiation and maturation mechanisms. OD314 was firstly identified from odontoblasts by subtraction between odontoblast/pulp cells and osteoblast/dental papilla cells, even though OD314 protein was also expressed in ameloblast during tooth formation. In this study, to better understand the biological function of OD314 during amelogenesis, we examined expression of the OD314 mRNA and protein in various stages of ameloblast differentiation using in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The results were as follows : 1. The ameloblast showed 4 main morphological and functional stages referred to as the presecretory, secretory, smooth-ended, and ruffle-ended. 2. OD314 mRNA was expressed in secretory ameloblast and increased according to the maturation of the cells. 3. OD314 protein was not expressed in presecretory ameloblast but expressed in secretory ameloblast and maturative ameloblast. OD314 protein was distributed in entire cytoplasm of secretory ameloblast. However, OD314 was localized at the proxiamal and distal portion of the cytoplasm of smooth-ended and ruffle-ended ameloblast. These results suggest that OD314 may play important roles in the ameloblast differentiation and maturation.한국과학재단 목적기초연

H2 Plasma and PMA Effects on PEALD-Al2O3 Films with Different O2 Plasma Exposure Times for CIS Passivation Layers

In this study, the electrical properties of Al2O3 film were analyzed and optimized to improve the properties of the passivation layer of CMOS image sensors (CISs). During Al2O3 deposition processing, the O2 plasma exposure time was adjusted, and H2 plasma treatment as well as post-metallization annealing (PMA) were performed as posttreatments. The flat-band voltage (Vfb) was significantly shifted (ΔVfb = 2.54 V) in the case of the Al2O3 film with a shorter O2 plasma exposure time; however, with a longer O2 plasma exposure time, Vfb was slightly shifted (ΔVfb = 0.61 V) owing to the reduction in the carbon impurity content. Additionally, the as-deposited Al2O3 sample with a shorter O2 plasma exposure time had a larger number of interface traps (interface trap density, Dit = 8.98 × 1013 eV−1·cm−2). However, Dit was reduced to 1.12 × 1012 eV−1·cm−2 by increasing the O2 plasma exposure time and further reduced after PMA. Consequently, we fabricated an Al2O3 film suitable for application as a CIS passivation layer with a reduced number of interface traps. However, the Al2O3 film with increased O2 plasma exposure time deteriorated owing to plasma damage after H2 plasma treatment, which is a method of reducing carbon impurity content. This deterioration was validated using the C–V hump and breakdown characteristics.11Ysciescopu