22 research outputs found

    과업쀑심 제2μ–Έμ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μƒν™©μ—μ„œμ˜ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ ν™œμš©: ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ ν•™μŠ΅μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μΆ”μ™€ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ ν™œμš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인식

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ™Έκ΅­μ–΄κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό(μ˜μ–΄μ „κ³΅), 2012. 2. μ˜€μ„ μ˜.This study examines the effectiveness of the use of blogs as reflective journals in relation to the learning tasks for second language learning. In particular, this study focuses on L2 learners reflection on learning represented in their reflective journal entries and perceptions of the use of blogs as a learning practice. For this study, a total of 17 students participated in the class and kept a reflective journal on their blogs for a period of 10 weeks in a high advanced ESL course at a public adult school. The course consisted of 162.5 hours of the natural setting of task-based instruction that made use of blogs. Based on a qualitative research approach, the data from students journal entries was analyzed according to the content analysis and principles of a category construction approach, in order to investigate reflection on L2 learning and the effect of task types on reflective writing. Moreover, for the analysis of students perceptions, a qualitative research approach was used, which includes participant observation, interviews, questionnaires, video-recording and document analysis. The results of this study are as follows: 1) The use of blogs encouraged students to reflect on their L2 learning and practice more authentic writing. This indicates that language learners can develop their critical reflective thinking for language learning though the use of blogs. 2) Task–based activities contributed to students reflective writing through blog use even if the amount of influence may be different according to the task type. For example, paricular task types such as opinion exchange and problem-solving activities facilitated students to write more reflectively on their blogs. This result suggests that ESL teachers should combine task-based instruction and blogging to improve reflective writing skills. 3) Most students were satisfied with and motivated by the task-based blog use to develop their writing skills and expand their knowledge beyond the classroom setting even though many differences were found in students individual perceptions. 4) In relation to awareness of audience when writing on blogs, more than half of the students benefited from the influence of a blog audience of a discourse community when writing on blogs. This finding also showed that the majority of L2 learners perceived that blog audience is an important part of blogging. These outcomes suggest that L2 instructors should be aware that blogs are very helpful for reflection on learning and take various tasks into consideration in order to encourage students reflective writing. Also the bloggers awareness of audience suggests that bloggers interact and negotiate meaning with a wider audience and post more authentic writing. Thus further research is encouraged to explore how teachers and learners can create a blog community with a wider audience so that students are able to interact more actively online and improve their language learning.λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 제2μ–Έμ–΄ μŠ΅λ“μ„ μœ„ν•΄ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έλ₯Ό ν•™μŠ΅κ³Όμ—…μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ˜ μˆ˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μž 사둀와 ν•¨κ»˜ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ ν™œμš©μ˜ 효과λ₯Ό μ‚΄ν•€λ‹€. 특히 λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ— λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ 제2μ–Έμ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ ν•™μŠ΅κ²½ν—˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μΆ”μ™€ ν•™μŠ΅λ‚΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ—°μŠ΅μœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 인식에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ‘”λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ°Έμ—¬μžλŠ” 미ꡭ의 μ„±μΈκ³΅λ¦½ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ 제2μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œ μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό λ°°μš°λŠ” μƒμœ„μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ ESL 학생 17λͺ…이닀. 그듀은 μ˜μ–΄μƒμœ„μˆ˜μ€€ ν•™μƒλ“€λ‘œλ§Œ κ΅¬μ„±λœ ESLλ°˜μ—μ„œ 맀일 3μ‹œκ°„ 15λΆ„μ”© 10μ£Ό λ™μ•ˆ 총 162.5 μ‹œκ°„μ„ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έλ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•œ κ³Όμ—…μ€‘μ‹¬μˆ˜μ—…μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜λ©° κ³Όμ—…κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ„ 각자 μžμ‹ μ˜ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ— κ²Œμž¬ν–ˆλ‹€. 특히 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ§ˆμ μ—°κ΅¬ 접근법에 κΈ°λ°˜μ„ 두고 λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ— 게재된 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ μ˜μ–΄μž‘λ¬ΈμœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° μˆ˜μ§‘ν•œ λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έ 자료λ₯Ό λ‚΄μš©λΆ„μ„(content analysis)κ³Ό 범주ꡬ성접근법 (category construction approach)의 원리에 따라 λΆ„μ„ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 제2μ–Έμ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μΆ”μ˜ 사둀λ₯Ό 찾아보고 κ³Όμ—…μœ ν˜•μ΄ λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 효과λ₯Ό κ³ μ°°ν•˜κ³ μž ν–ˆλ‹€. μ—°κ΅¬μ—λŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 인식 정도λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ°Έμ—¬κ΄€μ°°, 인터뷰, 섀문지, λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ…Ήν™”, λ¬Έμ„œλΆ„μ„ 등을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ” μ§ˆμ μ—°κ΅¬ 접근법이 μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. 1) ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έλ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 제2μ–Έμ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ„ 더 많이 λ°˜μΆ”ν•˜κ³  μ‹€μ œμƒν™©μ— κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ 진정성 μžˆλŠ” μž‘λ¬Έμ„ 더 자주 μ—°μŠ΅ν–ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” 제2μ–Έμ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έλ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ λΉ„νŒμ  μž…μž₯μ—μ„œ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ°˜μΆ”μ  사고λ₯Ό 함양할 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 보여쀀닀. 2) 비둝 κ³Όμ—…μœ ν˜•μ— 따라 μž‘λ¬Έμ‚°μΆœμ˜ μ–‘μ—λŠ” 차이가 μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ, κ³Όμ—…κΈ°λ°˜ν™œλ™μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ ν•™μŠ΅μžλŠ” κ³Όμ—…μ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 각자의 λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ— 더 많이 λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬ΈμœΌλ‘œ μ‚°μΆœν•΄ λƒˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄, μ˜κ²¬κ΅ν™˜κ³Όμ—…(opinion exchange task)κ³Ό λ¬Έμ œν•΄κ²°κ³Όμ—…(problem-solving task)κ³Ό 같은 νŠΉμ •ν•œ 과업에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•  λ•Œ ν•™μŠ΅μžλŠ” 각자 μžμ‹ μ˜ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ— 더 λ§Žμ€ λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ„ κ²Œμž¬ν–ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” λ°”λŠ” ESL ꡐ사듀이 λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έ λŠ₯λ ₯을 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κ³Όμ—…μ€‘μ‹¬μˆ˜μ—…κ³Ό λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ μ‚¬μš©μ„ κ²°ν•©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. 3) λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ˜ μˆ˜λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έλ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•œ 것에 λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 인식을 μ‘°μ‚¬ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό κ°œμΈμ°¨κ°€ μžˆκΈ°λŠ” ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 학생은 κ³Όμ—…κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ ν™œμš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§Œμ‘±μ„ 느끼며, 자발적인 동기λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  λ°˜μΆ”μ μΈ μ˜μ–΄μž‘λ¬Έμ„ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ ν™œμš©μ΄ μžμ‹ μ˜ μ˜μ–΄μž‘λ¬ΈλŠ₯λ ₯을 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚€λŠ” 것은 λ¬Όλ‘  ꡐ싀 λ°–μ—μ„œλ„ 자발적으둜 지식을 ν™•μž₯ν•˜λŠ”λ° 도움이 되기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. 4) λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ— λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ„ ν•  λ•Œ ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ λ…μžμ˜ 영ν–₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ μΈμ‹ν•˜λŠ” 것과 κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄μ„œλŠ”, 참여학생 쀑 절반 μ΄μƒμ˜ ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ μžμ‹ μ˜ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έμ— 게재된 λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ„ 읽고 λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λŠ” λ…μžλ“€μ˜ 관심이 μžμ‹ μ˜ μž‘λ¬Έμ— κΈμ •μ μœΌλ‘œ 영ν–₯을 미치고 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ―Ώμ—ˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 학생이 μžμ‹ μ˜ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έλ₯Ό μ½λŠ” λ…μžλ₯Ό μ˜μ‹ν•˜κ³  있고, 이것이 μ˜μ–΄μž‘λ¬ΈλŠ₯λ ₯ ν–₯상에 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 역할을 ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΈμ‹ν–ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 연ꡬ결과가 μ˜μ–΄κ΅μœ‘μ— μ£ΌλŠ” μ‹œμ‚¬μ μ€ λ¨Όμ € 제2μ–Έμ–΄ ꡐ사듀은 λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έκ°€ ν•™μŠ΅μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μΆ”μ˜ 기회λ₯Ό μ΄‰μ§„μ‹œν‚€λŠ” μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ κ³Όμ—…κ³Ό ν†΅ν•©μ‹œμΌœ ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ μ˜μ–΄λ°˜μΆ”μž‘λ¬Έμ„ ν•˜λ„λ‘ 독렀해야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. λ˜ν•œ λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έ ν™œμš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 인식 μ€‘μ—μ„œ μžμ‹ μ˜ μž‘λ¬Έμ„ μ½λŠ” λ…μžμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ˜μ‹μ΄ μ£ΌλŠ” μ‹œμ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μžλŠ” μ‹€μ œμƒν™©μ— κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ 진정성 μžˆλŠ” μ˜μ–΄μž‘λ¬Έν™œλ™μ„ 톡해 더 폭넓고 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ²”μœ„μ˜ λ…μžμ™€ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜κ³  의미 ν˜‘μƒμ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. 더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” ꡐ사와 ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ μ–Έμ–΄λŠ₯λ ₯을 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ…μžμ™€ 더 ν™œλ°œν•˜κ²Œ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λΈ”λ‘œκ·Έλ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ꡬ성할 지λ₯Ό 탐색해야 ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μΆ”ν›„ μ—°κ΅¬κ³Όμ œλ‘œ μ œμ‹œν•œλ‹€.Maste

    (The)Influence of exercise on telomere length as biomarker of cell senescence in middle aged women

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(박사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :체윑ꡐ윑과,2006.Docto

    Toughness Enhancement of Brittle Aragonite Through Multi-level Hierarchy in Combination with Nanoscale Twins

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    MasterStrombus gigas conch shell is composed of 99 vol. % aragonite and only 1 vol. % biopolymers. Despite being composed of weak materials, it exhibits three orders of magnitude higher fracture toughness and similar strength compared to that of aragonite single crystal. This remarkable enhancement in mechanical properties originates from its multi-level hierarchical structure. The smallest building block of Strombus gigas conch shell is an aragonite single crystal which possesses high density of the nanoscale growth twins. Although the toughening mechanisms exist at the all length scales, preliminary studies have been limited to suggest toughening mechanisms at the coarse levels (micrometer length scales) of the hierarchical structure which involves crossed-lamellar stacking of the building blocks. Mechanical modeling based on the crossed-lamellar stacking of untwinned aragonite plates reproduces only a fraction of the empirical data, implying that unknown toughening mechanisms exist at smaller length scales. Using in situ TEM deformation tests, two operant toughening mechanisms at the nanoscale are found for the first timeformation of a nanocrack zone ahead of propagating crack tip, and toughening effects by the nanoscale twins. The observed toughening effects are corroborated by coarse grained simulations and molecular dynamics simulations.μžμ—°κ³„μ— μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 닀차원 κ³„μΈ΅κ΅¬μ‘°μ˜ λ‚˜λ…Έλ³΅ν•©μž¬λ£ŒλŠ” κ΅¬μ„±μž¬λ£Œμ— λΉ„ν•΄ μš°μˆ˜ν•œ 기계적 μ„±μ§ˆμ„ 보인닀. κ·Έ μ€‘μ—μ„œλ„ κ°€μž₯ 많이 연ꡬ가 μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ†ŒλΌ (Strombus gigas conch shell)λ₯Ό 예둜 λ“€λ©΄, μ™Έν”ΌλŠ” 99 vol. % 의 CaCO3와 1 vol. %의 맀우 적은 μ–‘μ˜ 유기물둜 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ Έμžˆμ§€λ§Œ, νŒŒκ΄΄μΈμ„±μ΄ κ΅¬μ„±μž¬λ£ŒμΈ CaCO3에 λΉ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ•½ 3000λ°° 이상을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ²œμ—° λ‚˜λ…Έλ³΅ν•©μž¬λ£Œκ°€ κ°€μ§€λŠ” νŒŒκ΄΄μΈμ„± 증가 λ©”μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜μ„ 규λͺ…ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯이 μ§€μ†λ˜κ³  μžˆμœΌλ‚˜ 수백 nm의 λ‹¨μœ„μ²΄λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ–΄ 아직 λ©”μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ 뢀뢄듀이 λ‚¨μ•„μžˆλ‹€. μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ λ―Έμ„Έκ΅¬μ‘°λŠ” λ‚˜λ…Έλ―Έν„° μŠ€μΌ€μΌ 뢄석 λΆ„ν•΄λŠ₯κΉŒμ§€ 이λ₯΄λ €μœΌλ‚˜ λ³€ν˜•κ±°λ™μ— λŒ€ν•œ 뢄석은 λ§ˆμ΄ν¬λ‘œλ―Έν„° μŠ€μΌ€μΌμ— λ©ˆμΆ”μ–΄ 있으며 μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•œ 사둀가 μ—†λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ Strombus gigas conch shell을 λͺ¨λΈμ‹œμŠ€ν…œμœΌλ‘œ μ‚Όμ•„ in situ TEM λ³€ν˜• μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ λ‚˜λ…Έλ―Έν„° μŠ€μΌ€μΌμ—μ„œ μž‘μš©ν•˜λŠ” νŒŒκ΄΄μΈμ„± ν–₯상 λ©”μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜μ„ μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. Strombus gigas conch shell은 μ—¬λŸ¬ μ™Έν”Όλ“€μ˜ 미세ꡬ쑰 쀑 κ°€μž₯ 높은 νŒŒκ΄΄μΈμ„±μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” 미세ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό 가진닀. κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ ꡬ쑰적 νŠΉμ§• 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” Strombus gigas conch shell을 κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ μž‘μ€ λ‹¨μœ„μ²΄μΈ aragonite 단결정이 수 nm 크기의 μŒμ •λ©΄μ„ 맀우 높은 λ°€λ„λ‘œ 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 점이닀. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μŒμ •μ˜ μ›μžλ‹¨μœ„ λΆ„ν•΄λŠ₯ 뢄석과 ν•¨κ»˜ μŒμ •μ΄ νŒŒκ΄΄μΈμ„±μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 μ§‘μ€‘μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μŒμ •λ©΄μ— κ΅­λΆ€μ μœΌλ‘œ lattice strain이 κ±Έλ €μžˆλŠ” 것을 λ°ν˜€λ‚΄μ—ˆκ³  μŒμ •λ©΄μ— κ΅λŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ°˜λ³΅λ˜λŠ” lattice fringeκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” 것을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μžμ—°μƒνƒœμ˜ μ†ŒλΌκ°€ μ™ΈλΆ€μ—μ„œ νž˜μ„ κ°€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„λ„ strain이 κ±Έλ €μžˆλŠ” μƒνƒœλΌλŠ” 것을 말해쀀닀. 아직 이 strain에 λŒ€ν•œ μ •ν™•ν•œ 원인은 μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λ‚˜, 유기물이 격자ꡬ쑰 λ“€μ–΄κ°€ μžˆκ±°λ‚˜ κ°€μž₯ μž‘μ€ λ‹¨μœ„μ²΄κ°€ μ„œλ‘œ λ§žλ¬Όλ¦¬λ©΄μ„œ νž˜μ„ κ°€ν•˜μ—¬ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λͺ‡ 가지 κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ œμ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‚˜μ•„κ°€, in situ TEM λ³€ν˜• μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ κ°€μž₯ μž‘μ€ λ‹¨μœ„μ²΄ 내뢀에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” μŒμ •μ΄ ν¬λž™ μ „νŒŒμ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ·¨μ„± 재료인 단결정 aragoniteμ—μ„œμ˜ ν¬λž™ μ „νŒŒκ±°λ™κ³Ό λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ, ν¬λž™μ΄ μŒμ •λ©΄μ— μ˜ν•΄ μ •μ§€λ˜κ³  주변에 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν¬λž™μ„ μƒμ„±ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ λ‹€μ‹œ ν¬λž™ μ „νŒŒλ₯Ό μ΄μ–΄λ‚˜κ°€λŠ” νŒ¨ν„΄μ˜ ν¬λž™μ „νŒŒ 거동을 κ΄€μΈ‘ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ›μžλ‹¨μœ„ μ „μ‚°λͺ¨μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ ν¬λž™μ΄ λ‚˜λ…Έλ―Έν„° μŠ€μΌ€μΌμ˜ μŒμ •λ©΄μ„ μ§€λ‚˜κ°ˆ λ•Œ μ „νŒŒμ— λ°©ν•΄λ₯Ό λ°›κ³ , λ”μš± λ§Žμ€ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό ν‘μˆ˜ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ νŒŒκ΄΄μΈμ„± 증가에 κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κ²€μ¦ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 졜근 fcc κΈˆμ†μ—μ„œ λ‚˜λ…Έλ―Έν„° μŠ€μΌ€μΌμ˜ μŒμ •λ©΄μ΄ 인성과 강도λ₯Ό λ™μ‹œμ— λ†’μ΄λŠ” 데에 κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 역할을 ν•˜μ—¬ λ§Žμ€ 관심을 λ°›μœΌλ©° ν™œλ°œνžˆ 연ꡬ가 μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 같은 ν˜„μƒμ„ 세라믹 μž¬λ£Œμ—μ„œ λ°νžŒλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€
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