Review of SOLAS Regulation and Structural Design of Bow Structure superior to Crashworthiness

목차 목차 = i 도표목록 = ii 그림목록 = iii Abstract = vii 1. 서론 = 1 2. 충돌 시뮬레이션 code의 검증 = 4 3. 충돌 시나리오와 시뮬레이션 모델 = 7 4. 충돌 수치 시뮬레이션 결과 및 고찰 = 14 4.1 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과 = 14 4.2 300,000 DWT VLCC 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과에 대한 고찰 = 20 4.3 6,800 TEU 컨테이너선 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과에 대한 고찰 = 21 4.4 종합적인 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과에 대한 고찰 = 23 5. 결론 = 24 참고문헌 = 26 부록 A : 300,000 DWT VLCC 선박간 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과 = 27 부록 B : 300,000 DWT VLCC 강체 충돌 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과 = 45 부록 C : 6,800 TEU 컨테이너선 선박간 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과 = 61 부록 D : 6,800 TEU 컨테이너선 강체 충돌 시뮬레이션 결과 = 7

High-touch 제품 개발 지원을 위한 인간공학적 database 구축 방안

학위논문(석사)--서울大學校 大學院 :産業工學科,1995.Maste

방사성구리-알부민-앱타머를 이용한 HER2 표적 암세포 생체영상

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 협동과정 종양생물학전공, 2014. 8. 강건욱.Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2) is one of the most important cancer biomarkers. It has been reported that HER2 overexpression in breast cancer patients correlates with a poor prognosis and resistance to therapy. A humanized HER2 monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab (Herceptin), has been used for HER2-targeted imaging and therapy. However, immunosintigraphy showed a relatively low target-to-background ratio, which induced low detectability. Therefore, there is a need for a new imaging probe to detect HER2 expression in vivo. To develop a new imaging probe using aptamer, single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides, 64Cu-labeled human serum albumin (HSA) with HER2-specific aptamer was designed and in vitro and in vivo properties of targeting HER2 expressing cancer cells were evaluated. Methods: HER2-targeted aptamer was developed using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology (SELEX) and the aptamer was conjugated with human serum albumin (HSA) for prolonged blood circulation. FITC-labeled aptamer was used for confocal microscopy to monitor in vitro targeting. HSA was consecutively conjugated with SCN-Bn-NOTA and the bifunctional cross-linker sulfo-SMCC, which was then covalently conjugated with HER2-specific aptamer. The resulting NOTA-HSA-aptamer was further radiolabeled with 64CuCl2. Labeling efficiencies and purity of 64Cu-HSA-aptamer were determined by instant thin layer chromatography (ITLC). For in vivo tumor imaging, 64Cu-HER2 aptamer and 64Cu-HSA-HER2 aptamer were intravenously injected to MDA-MB468 and KPL4 tumorbearing nude mice and their uptakes were imaged by PET from 0 to 46 h. The biodistribution of 64Cu-HER2 aptamer and 64Cu-HSA-HER2 aptamer was examined in KPL4 and MDA-MB468 human breast tumor-bearing mice at 1 and 22 h postinjection. Autoradiography was performed to compare radiouptake between 64Cu- HER2 aptamer and 64Cu-HSA-HER2 aptamer in tumor tissues. Results: FITC-HER2 aptamer uptakes were visualized by confocal microscopy in HER2-positive cells (T47D and KPL4 cells), but not in HER2-negative cells (MCF7 and MDA-MB468 cells). Purity of both 68Ga-HER2 aptamer and 64Cu-HSA-HER2 aptamer was over 95% and in vitro uptake test showed their specific binding to HER2 in KPL4 cells (up to 3-fold increase). In KPL4 cells, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for the HSA-aptamer, NOTA-aptamer and aptamer-biotin were estimated to be 1.44 ± 0.23, 12.97 ± 0.23 and 9.68 ± 0.26 nM, respectively. 68Ga-HER2 aptamer was quickly excreted in the urine or hepatic pathway within 46 h after tail vein injection. However, HSA conjugated HER2 aptamer was excreted slowly in the urine compared to HER2 aptamer. In tumor tissues, radio uptake of 64Cu-HSAHER2 aptamer was increased compared to HER2 aptamer. Serial PET imaging revealed that KPL4 tumor uptake of 64Cu-HSA-HER2 aptamer was 1.67 ± 0.15, 4.63 ± 2.66, 5.72 ± 3.22 and 6.63 ± 1.22 %ID/g at 5 min, 10, 22, and 46 h post-injection, respectively. In KPL4 tumor, 64Cu-HSA-HER2 aptamer biodistribution were also examined to be over 4.74 ± 1.60 and 8.98 ± 0.19 %ID/g at 1 and 22 h post-injection respectively, which was about 3.4-fold higher than that of 64Cu-HER2 aptamer. Moreover, the KPL4 tumor uptake of 64Cu-HSA-HER2 aptamer was about 4.2-fold higher than the MDA-MB468 tumor uptake. Autoradiograms revealed accumulation of HSA-HER2 aptamer in HER2-positive tumor tissues. The localizations of HSAHER2 aptamer-FITC in KPL4 tumor indeed corresponded to the distribution of the HER2-positive cells. Conclusion: Tumor uptake of HSA-conjugated aptamer was increased compared to HER2 aptamer. 64Cu-HSA modified aptamer could be a promising probe for HER2-specific molecular imaging. The strategy using HSA as a carrier to prolong blood circulation of biomolecules such as aptamer could be applied in the design of many other radiolabeled probes and radionuclide therapy agents.Introduction 1 Material and Methods 7 Results 15 Discussion 42 References 48 Abstract in Korean 60Docto

계면활성제가 흡착된 침강성 탄산칼슘 입자의 분산 안정성에 관한 연구

학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 화학공학과, 1998.2, [ viii, 76 p. ]The electrostatic and rheological properties of precipitated calcium carbonate suspension adsorbed with surfactant layers were investigated. In this experiment, alkyl polyglycoside (APG) and sodium stearate was used as coating materials of calcium carbonate particle. The pH of suspension was adjusted to 6, 8, and 12 by using HCl and NaOH standard solution to investigate the pH effect (various surface charge effects) on adsorption of APG surfactant onto calcium carbonate particle. As an electrostatic property of particle, zeta potential was measured by using electrophoretic method and viscosity of suspension was investigated using rheometrics with Coutte geometry. From the measurement of suspension viscosity, yield value of suspension with surfactant concentration was determined using Casson equation. The dispersion stability of suspension was determined by measurement of settling time and compared with other properties of calcium carbonate suspension. Total potential energy of calcium carbonate in aqueous medium was calculated using DLVO theory and the minimum surface potential to disperse calcium carbonate particle stably without surfactant adsorption was revealed as 28mV. The adsorption amount of APG onto calcium carbonate particle was exhibited to depend on surface charge of particle. The higher surface charge, the more amount of APG was adsorbed onto particle surface and by the adsorption of APG molecules, the surface potential of calcium carbonate particle was markedly decreased. This indicates that APG molecule has a negative charge in solution. In low APG concentration, the dispersion stability of suspension does not show a relationship with zeta potential at all suspension pHs and exhibits very poor stability. This indicates that the hydrophobic interaction among particles caused by hydrophobic surface property destabilizes the suspension, and this destabilization region continued to monolayer coverage of surfactant layer. After this monolayer satur...한국과학기술원 : 화학공학과

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes for Femoral Neck System and Cannulated Compression Screws in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture

목적: 본 연구에서는 CCS 및 FNS를 이용한 대퇴골 경부 골절의 내고정술의 임상적, 방사선학적 결과를 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2016년 1월부터 2022년 1월까지 본원 정형외과에서 대퇴 경부 골절로 CCS 혹은 FNS를 이용한 내고정술을 시행 받은 환자를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 환자들의 수술 후 3개월, 1년 후 각각의 HHS를 비교하였다. 수술 시간, 수술 후 골절 유합에 걸린 시간 및 합병증을 비교 분석하였다. 결과: CCS군 41명과 FNS군 38명, 총 79명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. FNS군에서 수술에 소요된 시간이 더 길었으며, 수술 후 3개월에 시행한 HHS가 더 높게 평가되었다 (p<0.01). 대퇴 경부 단축은 FNS군에서 유의하게 적었다(p=0.022). 골유합 기간 및 주요 합병증에서는 유의한 차이 가 없었다. 결론: 수술 후 3개월 HHS와 대퇴 경부 단축을 제외한 대부분의 임상 결과 및 합병증에서 두 군 간의 차이는 없었다. 대퇴 경부 골절 수술에서 FNS를 이용한 방법은 기존의 CCS를 이용한 수술 방법과 더불어 하나의 선택지가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: This study compared the clinical and radiological results of the femoral neck system (FNS) and cannulated compression screws (CCS) for the fixation of femoral neck fractures. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent FNS or CCS internal fixation for femoral neck fractures between January 2016 and January 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The hip joint function using the Harris hip score (HHS) was evaluated three months and one year after surgery. The operation time, fracture healing time, and associated surgical complications in the two groups were compared and analyzed statistically. Results: Seventy-nine patients were categorized into 38 FNS and 41 CCS groups. The FNS group had a longer operation time and higher postoperative HHS at three months (p<0.01). Femoral neck shortening was lower in the FNS group (p=0.022). There were no significant differences in the fracture healing time and other complications. Conclusion: There were no differences in most clinical outcomes and complications between the two groups except for the three-month HHS and femoral neck shortening. This study suggests that FNS could be an alternative to CCS for treating femoral neck fractures