14 research outputs found
Understanding Teaching Action Utilizing Digital Textbook in Social Studies Instruction - A Qualitative case study on 6th-grade social studies instruction at 'G' elementary school -
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (λ°μ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : μ¬νκ΅μ‘κ³Ό μΌλ°μ¬ν μ 곡, 2012. 8. μ‘°μλ¬.λμ§νΈ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§κ° λ°μ νκ³ μ 보μ¬νκ° κ³ λνλλ©΄μ μ¬νκ³Όλ₯Ό ν¬ν¨ν κ΅μ‘κ³μμ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ νμ©μ΄ μ¦κ°νκ³ μλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ μ΄λ¬ν μν© μμ μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ¬μ μν μ΄ μ΄λ ν΄μΌ νλμ§λ μμ§ λΆλΆλͺ
νλ€. μ 보 μλμ μλ―Όμ μμ§μ΄ μ 보λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ ν ν©λ¦¬μ μμ¬κ²°μ λ ₯μ΄λ μκΈ° μ£Όλμ νμ΅λ₯λ ₯μ μλ―Ένλ ν μ§μ μ μμλ‘μμ κΈ°μ‘΄μ κ΅μ¬ μν μ μΆμλ μλ°μ μλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ νμ΅μμ μκΈ° μ£Όλμ νμ΅μ ꡬ체μ μΌλ‘ μ€ννκΈ° μν΄ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ νμ©μ λν κ΅μ¬μ λ
Έλ ¨νκ³ μ κ΅ν κ΅μνμκ° μꡬλλ€λ μ μμλ μ€νλ € κ΅μ¬μ μν μ΄ μ¦λλ μλ μλ€.
μ΄μ κ°μ΄ μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ‘μ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§λ₯Ό λμ
νλ κ²μ κ΅μ¬ μν λ³νμ κ΄ν λ
Όμμ λΆλ¬μΌμΌν€μ§λ§, μ μ κ΅μ‘μ ν΅μ¬ μ£Όμ²΄μΈ κ΅μ¬κ° ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§λ₯Ό νμ©νλ μμ
μμ μ΄λ€ νλ¨κ³Ό κ²°μ μ λ΄λ¦¬κ³ μλμ§ μ΄ν΄λ³΄λ μ°κ΅¬λ λλ¬Όλ€. μ΅κ·Ό ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§μ μ±κ³΅μ ν΅ν©μ μν΄μ κ΅μ¬ λ³μΈμ μ£Όλͺ©ν νμκ° μλ€λ μ£Όμ₯μ΄ μ κΈ°λκ³ μκΈ΄ νμ§λ§ μ΄λ€ μ°κ΅¬ λν κ΅μ¬κ° μ€μ μμ
μμ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§λ₯Ό νμ©νλ κ²μ λν΄ μ΄λ€ κ΅μ‘μ κ²°μ μ λ΄λ¦¬κ³ μ΄λ₯Ό μ€ννλμ§ λ©΄λ°ν μ΄ν΄λ³΄μ§ λͺ»νλ€.
μ΄μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ λμ§νΈ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ κ΄λ ¨ 맀체μ λ±μ₯ μ΄ν μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μμ κ΅μ¬μ μν μ΄ μ΄λ€ μλ―Έλ₯Ό κ°μ§λμ§ μ΄ν΄νκΈ° μν΄ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό νμ©νλ κ΅μ¬μ κ΅μνμλ₯Ό μ΄ν΄λ³΄κ³ μ νμλ€. μ°κ΅¬μ λͺ©μ μ λ¬μ±νκΈ° μν΄ μ€μ λ μ£Ό μ°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ λ μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μμ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό νμ©νλ κ΅μ¬μ κ΅μνμλ μ΄λ»κ² λνλλκ°?μ΄λ©° νμ μ°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ λ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. 첫째, κ΅μνμμ νμμ μΈ‘λ©΄, μ¦ κ΅μμ νμ(instructional forms)μ μ΄λ»κ² λνλλκ°? λμ§Έ, κ΅μνμμ λ΄μ©μ μΈ‘λ©΄μ μ΄λ»κ² λνλλκ°? μ¦ μ΄λ€ λ΄μ©(content)μ΄ μ μ λκ³ μ΄λ»κ² μ μλλκ°? μ
μ§Έ, νμμ μΈ‘λ©΄κ³Ό λ΄μ©μ μΈ‘λ©΄μμ λλ¬λ κ΅μ¬μ κ΅μνμλ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ κ΅μ¬μ μν μ μ΄λ»κ² μ΄ν΄λ μ μλκ°?
μ΄λ¬ν μ°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό ν΄κ²°νκΈ° μν΄ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ 2010λ
10μλΆν° 2011λ
10μκΉμ§ 1λ
κ° Gμ΄λ±νκ΅ 6νλ
μ¬ν μμ
μ λμμΌλ‘ λ―Έμλ¬ΈνκΈ°μ μ§(microethnography)λ₯Ό νμ©ν μ§μ μ¬λ‘μ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό μννμλ€. λ―Έμλ¬ΈνκΈ°μ μ§μ κ΅μ€μμ
μ°κ΅¬μμλ κ΅μ¬-νμ κ° μνΈμμ© μμμΌλ‘ μμ
μ‘°μ§, λνλ°°λΆ μ μ°¨, μ¬νμ μ°Έμ¬κ΅¬μ‘° λ±μ λ°νλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ κ΅μνμμ νμμ μΈ‘λ©΄μ λΆμνκΈ° μν΄ μ΄λ€μ μ°Έκ³ νμ¬ μ°κ΅¬μ λΆμνμ λ§λ ¨νμλ€. νμ΅μ μλν κ΅μ¬-νμ κ° μνΈμμ© μμμ κ΅μ¬κ° μ·¨νλ νλμ΄ κ΅μνμμ΄κΈ° λλ¬Έμ΄λ€. λν κ΅μνμμ λ΄μ©μ μΈ‘λ©΄μ λΆμνκΈ° μν΄ νμ΅μ£Όμ μ λ³νκ³Ό νμ΅νλ μ νμ λΆμνλ‘ νμ©νμλ€.
λΆμ κ²°κ³Ό, λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ λ΄μ©μ λ°κ²¬ν μ μμλ€. λ¨Όμ κ΅μνμμ νμμ μΈ‘λ©΄μ λΆμν κ²°κ³Όλ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. 첫째, κ΅μ μ λ΅ νμ(λ§₯λ½ν λ¨μμ λνλ°°λΆ μ μ°¨)μμ 보면 μ λ°μ μΌλ‘ μ§μμ μ§ μ λ΅μ΄ κ°νκ² λλ¬λ¬λ€. μ΄λ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμ νμ©μΌλ‘ λ°μνλ μμ
λ°©ν΄μμΈμ μ κ±°νκΈ° μν¨μ΄λ€. κ΅μ¬λ νΉν νλΈλ¦ΏPC ν΅μ μ κ΄λ ¨λ μΈμ΄μ , 곡κ°μ λ§₯λ½ν λ¨μλ₯Ό λλλ¬μ§κ² μ¬μ©νμλ€. λ§₯λ½ν λ¨μ μ¬μ©μ λ°λΌ νμ μ€μ¬μ μ°Έμ¬κ΅¬μ‘°μμ κ΅μ¬ μ€μ¬μ μ°Έμ¬κ΅¬μ‘°λ‘ μ νλκ±°λ κ·Έ μμΌλ‘ μ νλμλ€. λν κ΅μ¬λ μνν μμ
μ§νμ μν΄ κ΅μ¬-νμ κ° λνμ 리λ¬νκΈ°κ° νΉμ§μ μΈ μλΉν μ ννλ λνλ°°λΆ μ μ°¨λ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμλ€. λμ§Έ, κ΅μ μ λ΅ νμ(λ§₯λ½ν λ¨μμ λνλ°°λΆ μ μ°¨)λ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ μ΄ 7κ°μ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§-κΈ°λ° μ¬νμ μ°Έμ¬κ΅¬μ‘°(technology-based social participation structure)λ₯Ό νμΈν μ μμλ€. κ΅μ¬μ€μ¬μ μ°Έμ¬κ΅¬μ‘°μ νμμ€μ¬μ μ°Έμ¬κ΅¬μ‘°μ μΆν λΉμ€μ΄ μ λ°μ μΌλ‘ λΉμ·νκ² λνλ κΈ°μ‘΄ κ΅μ€μμ
μ λΉν΄ νμμ μ°Έμ¬λκ° λμ κ²μΌλ‘ νμΈλμλ€.
λ€μμΌλ‘ κ΅μνμμ λ΄μ©μ μΈ‘λ©΄μ λΆμν κ²°κ³Όλ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. 첫째, νμ΅μ£Όμ λ³ν μΈ‘λ©΄μμ κ΅κ³Όμ λ³Έλ¬Έμ κΈλ³΄λ€λ λ΄μ©μ ν¨μΆμ μΌλ‘ λ΄κ³ μμΌλ©΄μ νμλ€μ ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό λΆλ¬μΌμΌν¬ λ§ν μ½νλ λ©ν°λ―Έλμ΄ μλ£ μμ£Όλ‘ νμ΅μ£Όμ κ° μ μ λμλ€. μ΄λ μ΄λ± μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ‘κ³Όμ μ λν ν΄μ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ νμμ μμ
μ°Έμ¬λλ₯Ό λμ΄κΈ° μν κ³Όμ
(academic task) λ° νλ(activity)μ νμμ±μ λν μΈμ λλ¬Έμ΄λ€. μ΄μ κ°μ΄ μ μ λ νμ΅μ£Όμ λ κ΅μ¬κ° μ£Όλνμ¬ μ€λͺ
νλ λ°©μμ΄ μλλΌ νμμ νλμ΄ μ νλ ν κ΅μ¬μ μ λ¦¬κ° λ€λ°λΌκ°λ μΌμ’
μ νλ-μ 리 μ
νΈλΌλ λ°©μμΌλ‘ μ μλμλ€. λμ§Έ, νμ΅νλμ μ νμμλ μ 체νμ΅+ν΄μ¦γλ°ν, κ°λ³γμ‘°λ³νμ΅+κ²μγκΈμ°κΈ°λΌλ 2κ°μ§ νμ΅νλ μ
νΈμ λΉμ€μ΄ μ 체 μμ
μ μ λ° μ΄μμ μ°¨μ§νμλ€. μ΄λ νμμ νλμ κ³ λ €νμ¬ νμ΅μ£Όμ λ₯Ό μ μ νλ€λ κ΅μ¬μ μ μ κΈ°μ€μ΄ μμ
μμ κ·Έλλ‘ μ€νλκ³ μμμ 보μ¬μ£Όλ κ²μ΄λΌ νκ² λ€.
μ΄μ κ°μ λΆμ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°νμΌλ‘ μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μμ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό νμ©νλ κ΅μ¬μ κ΅μνμλ₯Ό λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΄ μ΄ν΄ν μ μλ€. λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμλ‘ μΈν΄ λ°μνλ λ°©ν΄μμΈμ 극볡νλ €λ μ§μμ μ§ μ λ΅μ΄ λλλ¬μ‘μΌλ©°, κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό μμ±
ν κ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό νμ©νλ μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μ λΉν΄ νμ νλμ λν ν΅μ κ° λμ± κ°νκ² λνλ¬λ€. λν κ΅μ¬λ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμ νμ©μ΄ κ°μ Έμ¬ μ μλ μλ‘μ΄ νμ΅ κ°λ₯μ±μλ μ£Όλͺ©νμ¬ νμλ€μ κ°λ³ νμ΅νλμ λ
λ €νλ μμ
μ μ κ°νμλ€. λ°λΌμ κ΅μ¬λ ν μ°¨μμ νμ΅λͺ©νλ₯Ό λͺ
μμ μΌλ‘ λ¬μ±νκΈ° μν΄ νμ΅μ£Όμ λ€μ λ
Όλ¦¬μ μ°νκ² μ€λͺ
νλ μ νμ μμ
μ κ° λ°©μ보λ€λ μ¬λ¬ νμ΅μ£Όμ λ€μ νμ νλ μμ£Όλ‘ μ¬νΈμ±νμ¬ μ΄λ₯Ό νμμ ν₯λ―Έγμꡬμ λ§μΆμ΄ μ μνλ λΉμ νμ μμ
μ κ° λ°©μμ 보μλ€. νμ νλ μ€μ¬μ λΉμμ°¨μ μμ
μ§νμμ κ΅μ¬λ μ§μμ μ λ¬μκ° μλλΌ νμ΅ μ΄μ§μλ‘μ κΈ°λ₯νλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ μ΄λ¬ν κ΅μ¬ μν μ λ³νκ° μμ
μ μ£ΌλκΆμ΄ νμμκ² μλλλ κ²μ μλ―Ένμ§λ μμΌλ©° κ΅μ¬λ νμ΅μ£Όμ μ μ κ³Ό νμ΅νλ μ‘°μ§μ μμ΄ μ£Όλμ κΆνμ κ°μ§κ³ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ νμ© λ°©μμ λ₯λμ μΌλ‘ κ²°μ νλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ κ΅μ¬μ μ΄λ¬ν μ£Όλμ μ
μ₯μ 보μ¬μ£Όλ κ°λ
μ κ΄λ¦¬μ λ°©λͺ©μ΄λΌκ³ λͺ
λͺ
νμλ€. μμ±
ν κ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νλ κΈ°μ‘΄μ μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μμ€νκ³Ό λΉκ΅ν΄λ³Ό λ, κ΄λ¦¬μ λ°©λͺ©μ΄λ κ΅μ¬κ° κ΅μ€ μ§μλ₯Ό ν립νκΈ° μν΄ μμ
ν΅μ μ λ΅μ λμ± μ격νκ² μ¬μ©νλ ννΈ, νμλ€μ νμ΅νλμ κ°ννκ³ νμ΅ λ΄μ©μ κ΅μ€ λ°κΉμ§ νμ₯μν€λ κ΅μνμλ₯Ό μλ―Ένλ€. λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό νμ©ν¨μ λ°λΌ λ°μνλ μμ
λ°©ν΄μμΈμ 극볡νκΈ° μν΄ κ΅μ¬μ κ΅μνμλ λμ± μ격νκ² λνλ μλ°μ μλ€. λν κ΅μ¬λ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμ νμ©μ μλ―Έλ₯Ό μ κ·Ήμ μΌλ‘ ν΄μνμ¬ μκΈ°-μ£Όλμ νμ΅μ κ°λ₯μ±μ λ°κ²¬νκ³ μ΄λ¬ν κ°λ₯μ±μ μΆ©λΆν μ΄λ¦¬κΈ° μν΄ νμ νλμ κ°ννλ€.
μ΄μ²λΌ μλ‘μ΄ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§κ° λμ
λ μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μμ κ΅μ¬λ κ΅μγνμ΅ κ³Όμ μ λν μμ¨μ±κ³Ό κ²°μ κΆμ κ°μ§κ³ μμΌλ©°, λ°λΌμ κ΅κ³Όκ΅μ‘ 주체λ‘μ μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ¬μ μν μ μ¬μ ν μ£Όλμ μ
μ₯μ 보μ νκ³ μλ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμ κ΅μ¬λ μΈλΆμ μμΈμ μν΄ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ νμ©μ μ§λ©΄νμ λ, μμ
μμ νμλ€μ λ₯λμ νΉμ μκΈ°-μ£Όλμ νμ΅μ΄ μ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§ μ μλλ‘ μ΄λ₯Ό μ΄λ»κ² νμ©ν κ²μΈκ°μ λν΄ μ§μμ μΌλ‘ κ³ λ―Όνκ³ κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ΅μνμμ λ°μνλ€. μ¦ κ΄λ¦¬μ λ°©λͺ©μλ‘μμ κ΅μ¬λ μλ‘μ΄ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§λ₯Ό μλμ μΌλ‘ λ°μλ€μ΄λ κ²μ΄ μλλΌ λ₯λμ μΌλ‘ ν΄μνμ¬ μμ
μ μ£Όλμ μΌλ‘ μ΄λμλ€. μ΄λ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§κ° ν΅ν©λ κ΅κ³Ό μμ
μμ μ κ·Ήμ μΈ κ΅μ¬μ μν μ΄ μΆ©λΆν κ΅μ‘μ μΌλ‘ μλ―Έ μμ κ°λ₯μ±μ 보μ¬μ€λ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ κ²°κ³Όλ μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μμμ κ΅μ¬μ μν λ° μ 체μ±μ λν λ
Όμμμ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§μ 맀λͺ°λμ§ μλ μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ¬μμ μ 립νλλ° λ§€μ° μ€μν μν μ νλ€. μ΄μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§κ° ν΅ν©λ κ΅μγνμ΅ κ³Όμ μμ κ΅μ¬μ μ£Όλμ μν μ λ°νμΌλ©°, λ₯λμ γμμ¨μ κ²°μ μ λ΄λ¦΄ μ μλ κ΅μ‘ 주체λ‘μμ κ΅μ¬μ μ 체μ±μ νμΈνμλ€. λν μ΄λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μλ‘μ΄ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ νκ²½μμ κ΅μ¬μ μ λ¬Έμ±μ΄ λ¨μν νμ΅ λ΄μ© μ λ¬μ΄λ κ΅μ€κ΄λ¦¬μ μλ κ²μ΄ μλλΌ ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§, νμ΅ λ΄μ©, κ΅μλ²μ λν 볡ν©μ μ΄κ³ μ΄μ²΄μ μΈ κ²°μ κΆμ μμμ μ μ μμλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ―λ‘ μ΄μ κ΅μ¬ μν μ νμμ± λ
Όμμμ λ²μ΄λμΌ ν κ²μ΄λ€. ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ νμ©μ λν΄μ κ΅μ¬κ° 주체μ κ²°μ μ λ΄λ¦΄ μ μλ μ‘΄μ¬λΌλ©΄ κ΅μ¬μ μν λ
Όμμ λ¨μν λΆνμμ± λ¬Έμ μμ λ²μ΄λ λ―Έλ κ΅μ€μμ μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ¬μ μ 체μ±γμ λ¬Έμ±μ΄ ꡬ체μ μΌλ‘ μ΄λ»κ² μ€μ λ μ μλμ§μ κ΄λ ¨λ λ¬Έμ λ‘ λμ΄κ°μΌν κ²μ΄λ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ λμ§νΈ μλμ κ΅μ¬μ μ 체μ±γμ λ¬Έμ± μ€μ λ¬Έμ μ λν μλ‘μ΄ λ
Όμμ μ₯μ λ§λ ¨νλ€λ μ μμ μλ―Έκ° μλ€κ³ νκ² λ€.With the development of digital technology, the utilization of technology has been increased in the field of education. Nevertheless, it is unclear what teachers role should be with this change. Current role of teacher as a transmitter of knowledge can not help being reduced as long as citizenship in information society means rational decision-making skills or self-directed learning ability with information. However, the role of teacher can be emphasized more than ever in that we require an elaborate teaching action for the self-directed learning.
Thus, the introduction of technology into social studies classes causes a debate about the change of teachers role. Nevertheless, it is rare for studies to inquire how teachers make decisions on the use of technology. Recently there have been claims that teacher variable is worth noting, but these studies do not examine thoroughly what educational decisions are made by teachers on the integration of technology with classroom activities.
Therefore, this research attempts to investigate teacher action with digital textbook in the social studies classes to understand what teachers role should be after the emergence of educational media related to digital technology
Main research question for this purpose is that How does the teachers teaching action appear in the social studies with digital textbook? In this context, specific questions were suggested as follows. First, how do the formal aspects of teaching action (i.e. instructional forms) appear? Second, how do the content aspects of teaching action appear? In other words, how is the subject matter taught? Third, how is the teachers role understood through teachers teaching action shown in the formal/ content aspects?
To answer these questions, the current research conducts qualitative case study, adopting microethnography, on 6th-grade social studies class at G elementary school. In a microethnography of classroom lessons, structure of a lesson, turn-taking allocation machinery, and social participation structure(SPS) were found as a pattern of interaction between a teacher and students. Considering these findings, the present research prepared suitable analytical lens to figure out instructional forms. Besides, to analyze the contents taught by a teacher, this research used analytical lens such as the transformation of learning topic and the types of learning activities.
As a result of this analysis, followings have appeared as key findings. First, order-maintaining strategy through contextualization cues and turn allocation machinery was prominent. This strategy was adopted so as to overcome the disturbing factors arose from digital textbook. The teacher frequently used spatial contextualization cues as well as verbal contextualization cues related to Tablet PC control. Depending on teachers use of contextualization cues, participation structure kept changed between student-centered and teacher-centered. Also, for the seamless flow of class, the teacher used highly formal turn-allocation machinery. Based on contextualization cues and turn-allocation machinery, 7 types of technology-based social participation structure(T-SPS) were identified.
Second, in terms of transformation of learning topic which is one of the content aspects of teaching action, the teacher chose learning topic based on illustrations or multimedia materials instead of text. This results from the teachers necessity to add academic tasks to promote students participation or activities with digital textbook, as well as the teachers interpretation of social studies curriculum and his view of education. Next, learning topics were presented in the way of student activity-teacher summary sets. Under this way, students activities preceeded the teachers explanation, and teacher-centered way of presentation was hard to find.
Based on these results of the analysis, this research interprets teaching action utilizing digital textbook in the social studies classes as follows. The teacher recognized the need for a change in teaching method with the emergence of digital textbook. The order-maintaining strategy of instructional forms stood out to overcome the disturbing factors to instruction arose from digital textbook, compared to the traditional classroom lesson. Besides, the teacher developed the lesson emphasizing students learning activities due to new chance brought by digital textbook. Therefore, nonlinear development among various subject matters was shown more often than linear development to accomplish learning goals. When the teacher led the lesson nonsequentially with students-centered activities, he played a role of learning facilitator, not a knowledge transmitter. However, this change in the teachers role does not mean that the initiative is transferred from the teacher to students, and the teacher actively interprets and decides the selection of contents and the organization of learning activities with the authority.
The current study refers to the idea of teachers leading role as "managerial grazier(shepherd)". Compared to the existing instruction using traditional textbook, "managerial grazing" means teaching action that students activities are strengthened and the contents are expanded out of classroom, while teaching actions for maintaining-order is tightened. However, even when students learning activities is strengthened, the initiative of class is on the teachers hand. This is because the teacher actively interprets potentiality of digital textbook for learning and strengthens students activities to promote participation in the social studies class for realizing the potential.
As seen above, in the social studies class with new technology, the teacher still has a power to decide the process of instruction, so the leading role of teachers is still valid. So far, studies have implied passive role of teachers and have described teachers as rejecting the utilization of new technology with conservative attitude. However, the teacher confronted by a sudden introduction of new technology in this study practiced teaching action reflecting his consideration for the students self-directed learning. The teacher as a "managerial grazier(shepherd)" did not accept technology passively but appreciated the potentiality of a given technology and actively led the instruction.
This study can have contribution to the discussion on teachers role or identity in the class full of technology. Further this study may play an important role in establishing an exemplary teacher model not being overwhelmed by technology. In this study, teachers identity as a key agent of educational activity, who can decide actively and spontaneously, is confirmed by finding out the leading role of teacher in the technology-integrated class. From this, it can be said that teacher professionalism does not exist in the management and transmission of subject matters merely, but in the complex and holistic decision on technology, content, and pedagogy. Therefore, now it is time to get away from the dispute over the need for teachers role. If a teacher is active decision-maker in the use of technology, the debate over teachers role should be about how teachers identity and professionalism will be set in the future class. The present research, from this point of view, has significant implication that it provides a place for discussion to establish teachers identity and professionalism required in the information society.β
. μλ‘ 1
1. μ°κ΅¬μ νμμ± λ° λͺ©μ 1
2. μ°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ 6
3. μ°κ΅¬μ μ£Όμ κ°λ
8
(1) κ΅μνμ(teaching action)μ κ΅μμ νμ(instructional forms) 8
(2) ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§(technology) 9
(3) λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμ(digital textbook) 11
4. μ°κ΅¬μ μμ λ° νκ³ 13
β
‘. μ΄λ‘ μ λ°°κ²½ 17
1. μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ€μμ
κ³Ό ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ 18
(1) ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§μ κ΅μ¬μ μν λ³νμ λν λ
Όμ 18
(2) μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ¬μ μΈμκ³Ό ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§ νμ©μ μνΈκ΄κ³ 22
2. μ¬νκ³Ό κ΅μ€μμ
κ³Ό κ΅μνμ μ°κ΅¬ 28
(1) κ΅μ€μμ
, κ΅μ, κ΅μνμμ μλ―Έ 28
(2) κ΅μνμμ λΆμμ μν μ°κ΅¬ 30
β
’. μ°κ΅¬μ€κ³ 43
1. μ°κ΅¬ λ°©λ²μ νΉμ§ 43
(1) μ§μ μ¬λ‘μ°κ΅¬ 43
(2) λ―Έμλ¬ΈνκΈ°μ μ§(microethnography) 46
2. μμ
κ΄μ°° λ° λΆμμ ν 48
(1) κ΅μνμμ νμμ μΈ‘λ©΄μ λν λΆμν 49
(2) κ΅μνμμ λ΄μ©μ μΈ‘λ©΄μ λν λΆμν 52
3. μ°κ΅¬ λμ 53
(1) λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμ μ°κ΅¬νκ΅: Gμ΄λ±νκ΅ 54
(2) λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμ μ°κ΅¬νκΈ 55
(3) μ°κ΅¬ μ°Έμ¬ κ΅μ¬μ νμ 56
(4) κ΅μνμ΅ λ΄μ© 58
4. μ°κ΅¬μ μ μ°¨ 61
β
£. μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μμ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό νμ©ν κ΅μνμμ λν λΆμκ³Ό μ΄ν΄ 67
1. κ΅μμ νμ 67
(1) μ 체 μμ
μ μκ°μ νλ¦ 67
(2) κ΅μ μ λ΅ νμ 73
(3) ν
ν¬λλ‘μ§-κΈ°λ° μ¬νμ μ°Έμ¬κ΅¬μ‘° 86
2. νμ΅μ£Όμ λ³νκ³Ό νμ΅νλ μ ν 92
(1) νμ΅μ£Όμ λ³ν 92
(2) νμ΅νλ μ ν 101
β
€. μ¬νκ³Ό μμ
μμ λμ§νΈκ΅κ³Όμλ₯Ό νμ©ν κ΅μνμμ λν ν΄μ 105
1. κ΅μνμ λ³νμ λν μꡬμ κ΅μ¬μ μΈμ λ³ν 105
2. κ΅μνμ λ³ν 107
(1) κ΅μμ νμ 107
(2) νμ΅μ£Όμ λ³νκ³Ό νμ΅νλ μ ν 112
3. κ΅μ¬μ μν λ³ν: κ΄λ¦¬μ λ°©λͺ©μλ‘μμ κ΅μ¬ 114
β
₯. μμ½ λ° ν¨μ 120
1. μμ½ 120
2. ν¨μ 123
(1) μ΄λ‘ μ μ°¨μ 123
(2) μ€μ²μ μ°¨μ 129
(3) κ²°μΈ 133
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 137
λΆλ‘ 151
Abstract 153Docto
Webμμ κ²½μ κ΅μ‘μ ν΅ν νμλ€μ κ²½μ μ§μ λ³νμ λν μ¬λ‘μ°κ΅¬ : μλ₯κ³ μ€νκ΅μ κ³λ°νλ(CA)μ 맀κ°λ‘ νλ ββκ²½μ νμ΅μ μ€μ¬μΌλ‘
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :μ¬νκ΅μ‘κ³Ό μΌλ°μ¬νμ 곡,2006.Maste