10 research outputs found

    Exploring Social Environmental Identity of Students Participated in a Social Action-Oriented Climate Change SSI Club

    Get PDF
    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ‚¬λ²”λŒ€ν•™ κ³Όν•™κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό(지ꡬ과학전곡), 2021. 2. κΉ€μ°¬μ’….As climate change threatens the survival of the Earth, many people have argued the need for climate change education. Compared to other countries, students in Korea have a high awareness of climate change. However, they do not take action for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Many researchers have begun to find that promoting environmentally sustainable behavior requires a strong community identity. Clayton (2003) claimed that the environmental identity can describe how abstract global issues become immediate and personal for an individual. And, the validity and utility of environmental identity have been proven by some evidence that it affects our thinking or behavior, and does so better than other determinants, such as attitudes. Moreover, Kempton and Holland (2003) suggest social environmental identity that is strongly influenced by social factors. Social Environmental society is self-definition with respect to ones reference group, the environmental movement, the government, the marketplace, and lifestyle choice. And, they found three stages of social environmental identity development. Because environmental identity inevitably contains a social component, I adapted social environmental identity as the main concept of this research. I explored the social environmental identity of students participating in a social action-oriented climate change SSI club program. For this purpose, a social action-oriented climate change education program was developed and implemented at a secondary school in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. Twelve high school students participated in individual pre-post interviews based on Kempton and Hollands (2003) social environmental identity theory. Analysis of student responses to interview questions revealed 12 characteristics that make Kempton and Hollands theory concrete. Students that do not have social environmental identity show indifference to climate, no influence on me, the lack of knowledge related to climate change. And, the social environmental identity 'stage 1' also indicates three characteristics: interest in climate change, awareness of climate change seriousness, attention to my actions. Next, the social environmental identity 'stage 2 represents four characteristics: 'for me (the purpose of environmental action), redefinition of self, human, the cause of climate change, correspondence between identity and behaviors. The social environmental identity 'stage 3, lastly, shows 2 characteristics: Knowing how to do properly, 'Expanding the scope of practice'. Secondly, students' social environmental identity has drawn environmental values, attitudes toward the environment for mitigating climate change. Moreover, social environmental identity can draw ones passion and a sense of agency in taking social action. Three students that show a high level of social environmental identity are confident of their social action ideas. They applied their ideas to group plans for social action, and developed ideas in detail. Lastly, students social environmental identities have changed during participation in the program. The main factor of the change in social environmental identity is social action. During the program, they found how to introduce the seriousness of climate change and make people take actions for mitigating climate change. Planning and implementing social action, they learned the impact of climate change, and gained a sense of agency. In other words. they realized the need for action and recognized themselves as actors. From the findings of the research, we implicate the effort for developing and applying for future action-oriented climate change education programs. In climate change education, it is necessary for providing the opportunity that students plan and implicate social action by themselves. I hope that the movement toward social action can make students future citizens for solving climate change.κ³Όν•™ κ΄€λ ¨ μ‚¬νšŒμ  쟁점(SSI) 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ 기후변화에 κ΄€ν•œ 관심이 μ¦κ°€ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 이와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ 학ꡐ λ‚΄μ™Έμ˜ ꡐ윑이 ν™œμ„±ν™”λ˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌ 학생듀은 기후변화에 λŒ€ν•΄ 높은 인식을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 것과 λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ, 해결을 μœ„ν•œ μ‹€μ œμ μΈ μ‹€μ²œμ—λŠ” μ†Œκ·Ήμ μ΄κ³  μ˜μ§€κ°€ λ‹€μ†Œ λΆ€μ‘±ν•˜λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹€μ²œμ˜ 뢀쑱을 κ·Ήλ³΅ν•˜κ³ , κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” κ΄€λ ¨ 행동을 μ΄λŒμ–΄λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μš”μΈμ„ νƒμƒ‰ν•œ 기쑴의 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λ§Žλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μš”μΈμ—λŠ” μ˜μ§€, νƒœλ„, 감정, κ°€μΉ˜κ΄€ 등이 ν¬ν•¨λœλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 행동과 μ‹€μ²œμ˜ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 기쑴에 κ°œλ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ—°κ΅¬λ˜μ—ˆλ˜ 기쑴의 μš”μΈλ“€μ„ 톡합할 수 μžˆλŠ” 뢄석 도ꡬλ₯Ό ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•œλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ Kempton κ³Ό Holland (2003)λŠ” 기쑴의 μš”μΈλ“€λ³΄λ‹€ 더 큰 인과적 μš”μΈμœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성(social environmental identity)을 μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜λ©°, 행동을 μ΄λŒμ–΄λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μš”μΈμœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성을 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, Clayton (2003)κ³Ό Stets와 Biga (2003)의 μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλ„ ν™˜κ²½ 정체성은 νƒœλ„, κ°€μΉ˜, 이념 λ“±κ³Ό 높은 연관성을 보이며, 기쑴의 μš”μΈλ³΄λ‹€ μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μΈ 행동을 μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•˜λŠ”λ° 더 μ μ ˆν•œ 이둠이라고 μ£Όμž₯ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν™˜κ²½ 정체성은 ν™˜κ²½ κ΄€λ ¨ 행동 및 μ‹€μ²œμ— 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 기쑴의 μš”μΈλ“€κ³Ό λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 연관성을 μ§€λ‹ˆλ©°, 이λ₯Ό 톡합할 수 μžˆλŠ” μš”μΈμ΄λΌλŠ” μ μ—μ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 뢄석 λ„κ΅¬λ‘œ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. νŠΉνžˆλ‚˜ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 ν˜•μ„±μ— μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ 및 μ°Έμ—¬ λ“±μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  츑면을 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λ©° Kempton κ³Ό Holland (2003)κ°€ μ œμ‹œν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ κ°œλ…μ„ νƒμƒ‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  츑면을 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜μ—¬ κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 완화와 적응을 μœ„ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œμ„ 지ν–₯ν•˜λŠ” SSI κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 동아리 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜κ³ , 동아리 ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 νŠΉμ§• 및 변화와 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ 과정을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ¬Έμ œλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. β‘  동아리에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ νŠΉμ§• μ–΄λ– ν•œκ°€? β‘‘ 동아리에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성이 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ 과정에 μ–΄λ–€ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”κ°€? β‘’ 동아리 ν™œλ™μ΄ ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 변화에 μ–΄λ–€ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”κ°€? 이 연ꡬλ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 회의λ₯Ό 거쳐 κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 동아리 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μžλŠ” μ„œμšΈνŠΉλ³„μ‹œ 도봉ꡬ μ†Œμž¬μ˜ A고등학ꡐ κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 동아리 학생 12λͺ…이닀. ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 νŠΉμ„±μ„ νƒμƒ‰ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ Kempton κ³Ό Holland (2003)의 μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 λ°œλ‹¬ λͺ¨λΈμ— κΈ°λ°˜ν•˜μ—¬ μ œμž‘ν•œ λ¬Έν•­μœΌλ‘œ 사전, 사후 인터뷰λ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μΆ”κ°€μ μœΌλ‘œ 동아리 ν™œλ™μ„ λ…Ήν™” 및 λ…ΉμŒν•œ μžλ£Œμ™€ ν™œλ™ 결과물을 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ³Όμ •κ³Ό μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ λ³€ν™” 과정을 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이 κ²°κ³Ό, 첫 번째둜 사전, 사후 인터뷰λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ 동아리 ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 νŠΉμ§• 12가지λ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” 기쑴의 Kempton κ³Ό Holland (2003)이 μ£Όμž₯ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 3가지 λ‹¨κ³„μ˜ νŠΉμ§•μ„ κ΅¬μ²΄ν™”ν•œ 것이닀. μš°μ„  μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 단계가 보이지 μ•ŠμŒμ˜ μœ ν˜•μ€ 기후변화에 관심 μ—†μŒ, (κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™”κ°€) λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ 영ν–₯을 주지 μ•ŠμŒ, κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 지식 λΆ€μ‘±μ˜ 3가지 νŠΉμ§•μ„ 보여쀀닀. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 1λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” 기후변화에 관심, κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 심각성 인식, λ‚˜μ˜ 행동에 μ£Όμ˜λΌλŠ” 3가지 νŠΉμ§•μ„ 보여쀀닀. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 2λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” (ν™˜κ²½ ν–‰λ™μ˜ λͺ©μ ) λ‚˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œ, λ‚˜μ˜ μž¬μ •μ˜, κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™”μ˜ 원인은 μ‚¬λžŒ, 정체성과 ν–‰λ™μ˜ 일치의 4자기 νŠΉμ§•μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έλ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 3단계 학생듀은 μ‹€μ²œ 방법 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μ•ŒκΈ°, μ‹€μ²œ λ²”μœ„μ˜ ν™•μž₯의 νŠΉμ§• 2가지λ₯Ό 가진닀. 두 번째둜 인터뷰, ν™œλ™ κ²°κ³Όλ¬Ό 및 λ…Ήν™”, λ…ΉμŒλ³Έμ„ μ’…ν•©μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성은 ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œμ—μ„œ 리더십, μ •λ³΄μ²˜λ¦¬μ—­λŸ‰ λ“±κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•˜λ©° 주도성을 λΆ€μ—¬ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 높은 μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성을 가진 학생듀은 μ£Όλ³€ μΉœκ΅¬λ“€κ³Ό μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œμ„ 함에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ, μžμ‹ μ΄ μ œμ•ˆν•œ 아이디어에 높은 확신을 가지고 있으며, 높은 확신은 아이디어λ₯Ό λ°˜μ˜μ‹œν‚€κ³  λ°œμ „μ‹œμΌœλ‚˜κ°€λŠ” 데 도움을 쀄 수 μžˆλ‹€. μ„Έ 번째둜 동아리 λ‚΄ μ‚¬νšŒμ  참여와 μ‹€μ²œμ˜ κΈ°νšŒκ°€ ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 변화에 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μΈμœΌλ‘œ μž‘μš©ν•œλ‹€. 기쑴의 지식 μœ„μ£Όμ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜, 학생듀 슀슀둜 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œμ„ κ³„νšν•˜κ³  μ‹€ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν—˜μ€ κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™”μ˜ 심각성을 μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³ , μ‹€μ²œ 방법을 μŠ΅λ“ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움을 μ€€λ‹€. 특히, μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œμ„ 톡해 학생듀은 μžμ‹ μ„ κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” 해결을 μœ„ν•œ ν–‰μœ„μžλ‘œ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³  주체성을 νšλ“ν•œλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ³€ν™”λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성을 λ†’μ΄λŠ” 결과둜 μ΄μ–΄μ§„λ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ, μ‚¬νšŒμ  참여와 μ‹€μ²œμ˜ κ²½ν—˜μ€ 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Όλ‘œλΆ€ν„° ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성은 기쑴의 μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ‘°μ‚¬ν•œ ν™˜κ²½μš΄λ™κ°€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 νŠΉμ§•κ³Ό λ‹€λ₯Ό 수 μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성은 개인의 μ‹€μ²œλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 주도적인 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œκΉŒμ§€ μ΄λŒμ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ, κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” κ΅μœ‘μ„ ν†΅ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 λ°œλ‹¬μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 λ°œλ‹¬μ—λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ°Έμ—¬ 및 μ‹€μ²œμ˜ κ²½ν—˜μ΄ λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ μˆ˜λ°˜λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ , μ΄λŠ” 지식 μœ„μ£Όμ˜ κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” ꡐ윑이 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€μ•Ό ν•  지ν–₯점이라고 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 이 연ꡬλ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œμ„ 지ν–₯ν•˜λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” ꡐ윑 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ κ°œλ°œμ„ κΈ°λŒ€ν•˜λ©°, μ΄λŠ” κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” μ™„ν™” 및 적응을 μœ„ν•œ μ‹€μ²œμ— 적극적인 미래 μ‹œλ―Όμ„ μ–‘μ„±ν•˜λŠ”λ° κΈ°μ—¬ν•  것이닀.제 1 μž₯ μ„œλ‘  1 제 1 절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„± 1 제 2 절 연ꡬ λͺ©μ  및 연ꡬ 문제 7 제 2 μž₯ 이둠적 λ°°κ²½ 8 제 1 절 SSI(Socio-Scientific Issues) ꡐ윑 8 1. SSI의 μ •μ˜ 8 2. SSI ꡐ윑의 ν•„μš”μ„± 10 3. SSI ꡐ윑 사둀 및 효과 13 제 2 절 μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 16 1. μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ κ°œλ… 16 2. ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ κ°œλ… 18 3. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ κ°œλ… 21 제 3 μž₯ 연ꡬ 방법 26 제 1 절 연ꡬ 절차 26 제 2 절 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μž 32 제 3 절 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ κ°œμš” 35 제 4 절 연ꡬ 자료 μˆ˜μ§‘ 및 뢄석 42 1. 연ꡬ 자료 μˆ˜μ§‘ 42 2. 연ꡬ 자료 뢄석 46 제 5 절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 타당성 51 제 4 μž₯ 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό 53 제 1 절 동아리 ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ 사전, 사후 μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 νŠΉμ§• 53 1. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성이 보이지 μ•ŠμŒ 55 2. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 1단계 60 3. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 2단계 68 4. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성 3단계 77 제 2 절 μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성이 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ 과정에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯ 83 1. 자료 쑰사 단계 84 2. 아이디어 μ œμ‹œ 단계 88 3. (3인, 6인) 쑰별 κ³„νš 수립 단계 90 4. μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ 단계 99 제 3 절 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œμ΄ ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ 정체성에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯ 101 1. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ λ³€ν™” 101 2. μ‚¬νšŒμ  ν™˜κ²½ μ •μ²΄μ„±μ˜ λ³€ν™” μš”μΈ 110 제 5 μž₯ κ²°λ‘  및 μ œμ–Έ 122 제 1 절 κ²°λ‘  122 제 2 절 μ œμ–Έ 125 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 127 뢀둝 136 [뢀둝 1] 동아리 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ μˆ˜μ—… μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€ 136 [뢀둝 2] 3인 쑰별 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ³„νšμ„œ 142 [뢀둝 3] 1ν•™λ…„ 6인 쑰별 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ³„νš λ°œν‘œ 자료 147 [뢀둝 4] 2ν•™λ…„ 6인 쑰별 μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ³„νš λ°œν‘œ 자료 150 [뢀둝 5] 1ν•™λ…„ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ²°κ³Ό 섀문지 μ œμž‘ 155 [뢀둝 6] 1ν•™λ…„ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ²°κ³Ό λΆ„λ¦¬μˆ˜κ±° ν¬μŠ€ν„° 160 [뢀둝 7] 2ν•™λ…„ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ²°κ³Ό λ„λ΄‰λ‰΄μŠ€ 162 [뢀둝 8] 2ν•™λ…„ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ‹€μ²œ κ²°κ³Ό SNS κ²Œμ‹œλ¬Ό 163 Abstract 169Maste

    κ°€μ‘±μ„±μ‚ΌμΆœμœ λ¦¬μ²΄λ§λ§‰λ³‘μ¦μ—μ„œ FZD4, LRP5, TSPAN12의 λΆ„μžμœ μ „ν•™μ  연ꡬ

    Get PDF
    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜ν•™κ³Ό, 2014. 2. λ°•μ„±μ„­.Introduction: Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by failure of peripheral retinal vascularization. Clinical manifestation of the disease can be variable, ranging from nonsymptomatic vascular anomalies in the peripheral retina to bilateral retinal detachments with blindness. FEVR is genetically heterogeneous, and it is found in various modes of inheritance. Autosomal dominant inheritance is the most common form in FEVR and FZD4, LRP5, and TSPAN12 are known to be associated with the disease. These genes are essential components of wingless (Wnt) pathway and pathogenic mutations affecting the function of these genes result in abnormal retinal vascular formation. In the Korean population, there had not been any report on the molecular identification of FEVR. We performed mutation screening for FZD4, LRP5 and TSPAN12 in patients with clinical diagnosis of FEVR. Identification of the molecular spectrum in Korean FEVR patients will be helpful in establishing an effective testing strategy, as well as providing informative genetic counseling for the family members of the proband. Methods: Mutational studies were carried out in 42 unrelated patients with diagnosis of FEVR during 2008 to 2012 at Seoul National University Hospital. Diagnosis of FEVR was established by ophthalmic examinations. All patients had been previously screened for NDP mutation, which were found to be negative. Sequencing analyses for three causal genes (FZD4, LRP5, and TSPAN12) were performed. Gross deletions and duplications were screened via Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification. Results: Two previously reported mutations (c.313A>G, c.1282_1285delGACA), four novel pathogenic mutations (c.160C>T, c.539_540delAG, c.653_676dup24, c.1210_1211delTT) and a whole gene deletion of FZD4 were found in 11 patients. Three novel missense variants (c.456C>G, c.470T>C, c.676T>A) were also found. A previously reported mutation of c.3361A>G in LRP5 was detected in three patients, and two novel missense variants (c.731C>G, c.4098C>G) were detected in two patients. In case of TSAPN12, a previously reported mutation, c.212_218delGCTGTTT was found in one patient, and three more novel missense variants (c.56T>G, c.194C>T, c.484G>A) were found in another three patients. Conclusions: In this study, we have identified four known mutations, four novel pathogenic mutations and a whole gene deletion in 15 patients. In cases of novel missense variants detected in nine patients, five of them were considered as pathogenic according to the predictions by in-silico analyses and allele frequencies in normal control group. Among 20 patients with pathogenic mutation detected, 13 were due to FZD4 mutations, showing the largest proportion of this gene in attribution to the autosomal dominant FEVR (13/42 patients, 31.0%). By applying this result, testing strategy of FEVR starting with screening for FZD4 mutations can be applied in the clinical fields. Genetic counseling of asymptomatic family members as well as proband will be helpful in further management and prevention of the disease progression.Introduction 1 Materials and Methods 5 Results 13 Discussion 23 References 26 Abstract in Korean 29Maste

    Monooxygenaseλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•œ isoflavone의 μœ„μΉ˜νŠΉμ΄μ  hydroxylation에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ

    No full text
    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :화학생물곡학뢀,2006.Maste

    λŒ€μš©μ‚¬μ˜ 결속이둠

    No full text
    λŒ€μš©μ‚¬λž€ μž¬κ·€μ‚¬μ™€ μƒν˜Έμ‚¬λ₯Ό ν†΅μΉ­ν•˜λŠ” κ°œλ…μ΄λ‹€. λŒ€μš©μ‚¬μ˜ 결속 μ›λ¦¬λŠ” λŒ€λͺ…사, μ§€μ‹œμ  λͺ…μ‚¬κ΅¬μ˜ 결속 원리와 λ”λΆˆμ–΄ 지배결속이둠(Government-Binding Theory)의 핡심을 μ΄λ£¨λŠ” 보편적인 이둠이닀. Chomsky(198l)λŠ” λŒ€μš©μ‚¬μ˜ 결속 ν˜„μƒμ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 결속이둠을 μ œμ•ˆν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. (1) λŒ€μš©μ‚¬μ˜ 결속 원리 λŒ€μš©μ‚¬λŠ” κ·Έ 지배 λ²”μ£Ό(governing category) μ•ˆμ—μ„œ κ²°μ†λœ λ‹€. (An anaphor is bound in its governing category.) 지배 λ²”μ£ΌλŠ” λŒ€μš©μ‚¬μ™€ κ·Έκ²ƒμ˜ μ§€λ°°μž(governor) 그리고 그것에 μ ‘κ·Ό κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λŒ€μ£Όμ–΄(accessible SUBJECT)λ₯Ό λͺ¨λ‘ λ‚΄ν¬ν•˜λŠ” μ΅œμ†Œ 범주이닀

    μž¬κ·€μ‚¬μ˜ λ…Όλ¦¬ν˜•νƒœ

    No full text
    μ’…λž˜μ˜ 결속이둠은 μ˜μ–΄μž¬κ·€μ‚¬ himselfλ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ 지배범주λ₯Ό μ„€μ •ν•˜κ³  각 μ–Έμ–΄λ§ˆλ‹€ 이 지배범주λ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” μš”μ†Œλ“€μ— 차이가 μžˆμŒμ„ λ°νžˆλŠ” 것이 μž¬κ·€μ‚¬ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μΆ§μ μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ΅œκ·Όμ—λŠ” μž¬κ·€μ‚¬μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬ 주어지ν–₯μ„±, 곡범주 μ›λ¦¬μ™€μ˜ 관계, μž₯벽효과 (blocking effect)λ“± μ˜μ–΄μ΄μ™Έ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ–Έμ–΄λ“€μ˜ μž¬κ·€μ‚¬μ˜ 성격이 κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•˜κ²Œ λ…Όμ˜λ˜λ©΄μ„œ 결속이둠은 본래의 μ‘°ν•©μ„±(modularity)을 μžƒκ³  μ œν•œλœ λ²”μœ„μ˜ μžλ£Œμ— ν•œν•΄ μœ νš¨ν•œ μ£Όμž₯듀을 각기 μ œκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆλ‹€. 특히 λ…Όλ¦¬κ΅¬μ‘°μ—μ„œμ˜ μž¬κ·€μ‚¬μ΄λ™μ— κ΄€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ ν•™μžλ“€μ˜ 연ꡬ가 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜ μ•„μ§κΉŒμ§€ μΌκ΄€μ„±μžˆλŠ” 뢄석이 μ •λ¦½λ˜μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” 주둜 μ˜μ–΄, ν•œκ΅­μ–΄, μ•„μ΄μŠ¬λž€λ“œμ–΄μ˜ μž¬κ·€μ‚¬μ˜ κ²°μ†ν˜„μƒμ„ μ΄κ΄„ν•˜μ—¬ μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 이둠체계λ₯Ό μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€
    corecore