4 research outputs found

    ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์•• ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ 

    No full text
    DoctorRenal denervation (RDN) is a procedure that surgically blocks the nerve signals between the central nervous system and the kidneys. This surgical approach has been used to treat patients with resistant hypertension who cannot control their blood pressure even with multiple antihypertensive medications. When the renal sympathetic nerve is blocked, it lowers hormone levels in the kidneys, leading to vasodilation and inhibiting water reabsorption. Thus, RDN can lower blood pressure. Among diverse methods to conduct RDN, catheter-based approach was the most studied. A catheter inserted into a renal artery locates the ablation electrodes on the inner wall of the renal artery. It generates heat around the artery using radio-frequency (RF) energy. The heat causes thermal damage to the renal nerves, eventually blocking the renal nerve signals. A recent large-scale clinical trial SPYRAL HTN-OFF MED demonstrated the safety and efficacy of catheter-based RDN by lowering -3.9 mmHg in systolic blood pressure compared to the control group after RDN. However, the reduction in BP was modest, so it raised questions as to the future role of RDN in clinical practice. Herein, this thesis analyzes the fundamental limitations of catheter-based approaches and proposes a novel laparoscopic RDN to overcome these shortcomings. The scope of this thesis is to cover an electrosurgical system for laparoscopic RDN (LRDN) that can completely interrupt renal sympathetic nerve signals from brain to kidney. The specific aims include: (1) anatomical analysis of renal artery and proposal of a laparoscopic approach to conduct RDN; (2) development of laparoscopic electrosurgical instrument and RF energy delivery system; and (3) demonstration of complete interruption of renal nerve signals via LRDN. The first chapter of this thesis retrospectively analyzes renal arteries via 64-channel multi-detector computed tomography (CT) angiograms of 314 donors who underwent living donor nephrectomy. The results show that about half of the donors have multiple small renal arteries, making catheterization impossible. Next, the novel laparoscopic approach for RDN is proposed to overcome the fundamental limitations of catheter-based approaches. The proof-of-concept is demonstrated via computer simulation, validation experiment, and animal study using swine model with a prototype of laparoscopic electrosurgical instrument for RDN. The second chapter of this thesis cover the development of laparoscopic electrosurgical system for LRDN and demonstrates their feasibility with survival animal study using pigs. The proposed electrosurgical system is described in two part: a circular ablation electrode and an RF energy delivery system. To demonstrate its effectiveness, 28-day survival animal study using pigs is conducted. Renal arteries and nerves are evaluated 28 days post RDN using immunohistochemical staining to successfully identify the complete interruption of renal sympathetic nerve signals. Overall, this thesis introduces a novel laparoscopic approach for conducting RDN to treat resistant hypertension and presents a laparoscopic electrosurgical system to implement LRDN in clinical practice. From these results, an improved therapeutic effect can be expected by supplementing the shortcomings of the existing catheter-based RDN.์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์€ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์‹ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต๊ฐ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์™ธ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ˆ ๋กœ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์•• ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹ ์žฅ์˜ ๊ต๊ฐ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ด ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋˜์–ด ์‹ ์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋ฉด ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์€ ์ด์™„๋˜๊ณ , ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ ์žฌํก์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–ต์ œ๋˜์–ด ํ˜ˆ์••์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ„๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด ์‹œ์ˆ ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์นดํ…Œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™๋งฅ์— ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ ์นดํ…Œํ„ฐ๋Š” ์‹ ์žฅ ๋™๋งฅ ๋‚ด๋ฒฝ์— ์ „๊ทน์„ ์œ„์น˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ์—ด์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์—ด์€ ๋™๋งฅ ์™ธ๋ฒฝ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜์–ด ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์†์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค. ์นดํ…Œํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์€ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ž„์ƒ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ๊ณผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์œ ์˜์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜ˆ์•• ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ž„์ƒ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์นดํ…Œํ„ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์™„์ „์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์ž„์ƒ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” (1) ์‹ ์žฅ ๋™๋งฅ์˜ ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•™์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์นดํ…Œํ„ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์  ๋ฐ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ  ์†Œ๊ฐœ, (2) ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  (3) ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์‹ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต๊ฐ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์™„์ „์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์˜ ์‹คํ˜„์ด๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฑ•ํ„ฐ๋Š” 314๋ช…์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ ๋™๋งฅ์˜ CT ์ž„์ƒ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์‹ ์žฅ ๋™๋งฅ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ์™ธ๊ฒฝ, ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹ ์žฅ ๋™๋งฅ์˜ ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•™์  ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ์นดํ…Œํ„ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜, ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋™๋ฌผ์‹คํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ์ž„์ƒ์—์„œ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์—๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฑ•ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์นœ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ์‹ค์ œ ์ž„์ƒ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋™๋ฌผ์‹คํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์‹ ์žฅ๋™๋งฅ์„ ์™ธ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์ „๊ทน๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ๋ผ์ง€์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ๋™๋งฅ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ์ˆ  28์ผ ํ›„ ์‹ ์žฅ์˜ ๋™๋งฅ ๋ฐ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ฉด์—ญ์—ผ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ์™„์ „์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์ฆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‚œ์น˜์„ฑ ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณต๊ฐ•๊ฒฝ ์ „๊ธฐ์ˆ˜์ˆ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์นดํ…Œํ„ฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฐจ๋‹จ์ˆ ์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค
    corecore