6 research outputs found

    `้ซ˜้บ—่Œถ็ข—`์˜ ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅ‚ณไพ† ็ก็ฉถ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ณ ๊ณ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์‚ฌํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ์‚ฌ์ „๊ณต,2005.Maste

    ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ต ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ธ๊ณต๊ทผ์œก ๋กœ๋ด‡ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2018. 8. ์•ˆ์„ฑํ›ˆ.์ธ๊ณต๊ทผ์œก์€ ์ตœ์‹ ๋กœ๋ด‡๊ณตํ•™์—์„œ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ณต๊ทผ์œก์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋กœ๋ด‡ํŒ”, ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ๋“ฑ ๊ฐ์ข… ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ณต๊ทผ์œก์˜ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์ธ ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋†’์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ๋†’์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ€๋„๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํž˜์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€๋Šฅ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •๋ฐ€๊ตฌ๋™ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ, ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์™€์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ธ๊ณต๊ทผ์œก์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋กœ๋ด‡ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •๋ฐ€๊ตฌ๋™์˜ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜๋Š” ๊ทผ์œก๊ธธ์ด์˜ 40%๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์ „๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ ๊ธธ์ด์˜ 6% ๋ฐ–์— ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹จ์ˆœ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™๋ณ€์œ„๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํšŒ์ „์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์™€์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฆ„๋ชจ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๊ฐ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์™€์ด์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐ์„  ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํž˜๊ณผ ๋ณ€์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ด๋‚˜๋ชจ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ–ฅ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํž˜ 56N์ด ์ธก์ •๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ณ€์œ„๋Š” 20mm ์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๋™ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๊ฐ๋„๋Š” ๊ผฌ์ธ ํ…๋˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ผฌ์ธ ํ…๋˜์€ ์ตœ์†Œ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํšŒ์ „ ๊ฐ๋„ 90๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํšŒ์ „๋œ ๋ชจ์–‘์—์„œ์˜ ์›๋ž˜ ํ˜•์ƒ ๋ณต๊ท€๋Š” ์Šคํ”„๋ง์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์ „๊ตฌ๋™๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ๊ตต๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ๊ธธ์ด, ๊ผฌ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ๋งˆ๋ฆ„๋ชจ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ, ๋งˆ์ฐฐ๋ ฅ ๋“ฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ œํ’ˆ์€ 3D ํ”„๋ฆฐํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ABS๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์—ด์  ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์ข‹๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งํฌ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์„ ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์™€์ด์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์€ ๊ธˆ์†์ฒด๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํž˜์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ญ๋ณต๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ(0.2% ์˜คํ”„์…‹) ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํž˜์ธก์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์˜คํ”„์…‹ ๋ผ์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜คํ”„์…‹ ๋ผ์ธ์€ ํž˜์ธก์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ x์ถ• ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ • ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์ ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํž˜์ธก์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์˜คํ”„์…‹ ๋ผ์ธ์˜ ๊ต์ ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํž˜์ด๋ผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ชจํ„ฐ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ์™€ ์ง์„ ๋ชจํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์ƒ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€๋งŒ(ํž˜์„ ์ผ๋ฅ ์˜ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ๊ฒƒ, ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ : 9.29, ๋ชจํ„ฐ : 7.56) ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋Š” 1.4g ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ง์„ ๋ชจํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋Š” 45g ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋กœ๋ด‡ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜๋Š” ํ…๋˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ ๋งํฌ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ์ฐฉ์šฉ๋กœ๋ด‡์— ์‘์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋™์ค‘์— ์†Œ์Œ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์พŒ์ ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ๊ตฌ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋กœ๋ด‡ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋กœ๋ด‡ ํŒ”๊ฟˆ์น˜๋Š” 90๋„์˜ ๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์†Œ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.Artificial muscle is one of the more prominent topics in modern robotics as it can be used in robotic arms, mobile phones, and electric vehicles. The advantages of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) artificial muscle are lightness and high energy density. The high energy density allows the actuator to make powerful motions. Compared to other smart materials, the SMA wire has better strain properties that can conduct various motions. However, in terms of repeatability and precision, an artificial muscle using SMA wire indicates lower performance than other actuators. In this research, a robotic elbow joint using SMA wire was designed, which can overcome the repeatability and precision disadvantages, among others. The human elbow joint gets its rotational angle and torque by contracting 40% of the muscle length. Meanwhile, SMA wire contracts 6% of its length, which means that the required displacement cant be achieved by a simple connection and precise rotation is also impossible with the current design. To solve these disadvantages, the SMA wires are coiled in a diamond-shaped structure. If the electric current is given by contracting wires in the longitudinal direction, the actuator can exert force and displacement in the diagonal direction. The force was measured to be 56N maximum at square configuration with the 3-axis force sensor while the displacement was measured to be 20 mm. The desired angle can be achieved repeatedly by a crossed tendon connection. As the crossed tendon finds its minimal length when actuated, the rotation angle converges to 90ยฐ. Furthermore, the shape retention from the rotated configuration is done by the spring. Parameters related with the rotating motion were selected, such as SMA wires diameter and length, distance between the crossed part and elbow part, size of the diamond-shaped structure, friction, etc. The prototype was fabricated using the 3D-printer and the ABS was selected as a rigid link material with good mechanical and thermal properties. In addition, the holes which the SMA wire passes through are reinforced by a metallic object. To determine the maximum force of the actuator, a graphical method was used, which is similar to the yield strength determination (0.2% offset). The steepest gradient is calculated from the force data and used as a slope of the offset line. The offset line starts at the offset time from the steepest gradient point of the force data. The actuation force data and offset lines intersection point is selected as the maximum force value. The actuator constant is calculated by referring to the motor constant. Although the SMA actuator and linear motor has almost the same actuator constant (Force divided by square root Watt, SMA : 9.29, Motor : 7.56), the SMA weighs only 1.4g while the linear motor weighs 45g. Because the robotic elbow joint is connected by the tendon, the connections between links are flexible, so it can be applied to a wearable robot. Eventually, the workspace will become more pleasant since noise is not generated while actuating. The robotic elbow joint using the SMA actuator is designed and analyzed, which can rotate 90ยฐ repeatedly and generate no noise.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Shape Memory Alloy 3 Chapter 2. Design of artificial muscle elbow joint 7 2.1 Linear actuator 7 2.2 Overall design 9 2.3 Fabrication 11 Chapter 3. Analysis of artificial muscle elbow joint 13 3.1 Actuation force measurement 13 3.2 Maximum force determination 17 3.3 Actuator constant 19 Chapter 4. Experiments 20 4.1 Experiment system 20 4.1 Experiment process 21 Chapter 5. Conclusion 23 References 24Maste
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