17 research outputs found
The role of SMN in type III SMA mouse model
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κ³ΌνλΆ, 2021. 2. 곡μμ€.μ κ²½-κ·Όμ‘ μ ν© (neuromuscular junction, NMJ)λ μ΄λμ κ²½μ΄ κ·Όμ¬μ μ μ κΈ°μ μ νΈλ₯Ό μ λ¬νμ¬ μμΆν μ μκ² νλ ꡬ쑰λ‘, μ κ²½ λ§λ¨μμ μμΈνΈμ½λ¦° μμ©μ²΄(Acetylcholine receptor, AChR)λ‘ μ κ²½μ λ¬λ¬Όμ§μ μ λ¬νμ¬ μ νΈλ₯Ό 보λΈλ€.
νλ°μ± μ²μμ± κ·ΌμμΆμ¦(type III Spinal Muscular Atrophy, type III SMA)μ SMN(Survival of Motor Neuron)μ΄λΌλ μμΈ μ μ μμ λμ°λ³μ΄κ° μ겨 μ±μΈμ΄ λ ν λ°λ³νλ μ μ μ§νμΌλ‘, μ μ°¨μ μΈ κ·Όκ°μμ¦μ΄ μΌμ΄λλ μ§λ³μ΄λ€. μ μμ λ λ°λ³νλ type I, II SMAμ κ²½μ°λ μμ‘΄μ μΉλͺ
μ μ΄κΈ° λλ¬Έμ, λΉκ΅μ λ°λ³ κΈ°μ μ λνμ¬ μ λΆμλμ΄ μκ³ μΉλ£μ λ κ°λ°λμ΄ μλ€. νμ§λ§, type III SMAλ μΌμμνμ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μΌμΌν€λ μ§λ³μμλ λΆκ΅¬νκ³ , μμΈ μ μ μμ λν΄μλ§ λ°νμ Έ μμΌλ©° μ‘°μ§μ΄λ μ₯κΈ° λ¨μμμμ μ§λ³μ λ°λ³ κΈ°μ μ λν΄μλ μ μλ €μ Έ μμ§ μμ λμ¦ μΉλ£λ§μ΄ μ§νλκ³ μλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ type III SMAμ λ°λ³ κΈ°μ μ λ°νλ΄κΈ° μνμ¬ νμμ μ μ νμ΄ μ μ¬ν SMNC/C λ§μ°μ€λ₯Ό μ΄μ©νμλ€. SMNC/C λ§μ°μ€μ μ£Όλ Ήλ³ κΈ°λ₯μ , ꡬ쑰μ λΆμμ ν΅νμ¬ AChR cluster dispersionμ΄λΌλ μλ‘μ΄ νννμ λ°κ²¬νμμΌλ©°, type III SMAμ λ°λ³ κΈ°μ μ λνμ¬ μλ‘μ΄ κ°μ€μ μ μνμλ€. λν, type III SMAμ ννν ν볡μ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμ λ°ν 맀컀λμ¦μ μ μ©ν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ μ΄λ―Έ λ°λ³ν μ΄νμ κ·Όκ³¨κ²©κ³ μ§λ³μ μΉλ£μ λν μλ‘μ΄ κ°λ₯μ±μ μ μν μ μμλ€.NMJ (Neuromuscular junction) is a structure composed of motor neuron axon terminal and Acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clusters of muscle fiber. Motor neurons transfer the electronic signals from the central nervous system to muscle fibers by releasing neurotransmitters like Acetylcholine (ACh).
Type III Spinal Muscular Atrophy (type III SMA) is a genetic neuromuscular disease caused by a mutation in the SMN1 (Survival of Motor Neuron 1) gene. There has been extensive research and curative therapeutic suggestions about type I and II SMA which show severe symptoms since infants. Yet, the mechanism of type III SMA onset is poorly understood despite the fact that patients also suffer from progressive muscle weakness in adulthood. Symptomatic treatments are the only treatments available for type III SMA in the status quo.
In this study, SMNC/C mouse, which has similar genotype with human patients, was used for the animal model for type III SMA. Functional and structural analysis of the NMJ with developmental stage showed Lower CMAP (Compound Muscle Action Potential), wider AChR cluster band, and arborization of motor neuron axons in SMNC/C mouse. Both SMN overexpression in the myofiber and subsequential NMJ remodeling were required for the rescue of the SMNC/C model phenotypes.
Consequently, this study provided a novel histological phenotype of type III SMA mouse model and a suggestion for curative treatment of type III SMA.β
. κ΅λ¬Έμ΄λ‘(Abstract in Korean) 1
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‘. λͺ©μ°¨(Table of Contents) 3
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’. μλ¬Έ(Introduction) 5
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£. μ€νμ¬λ£ λ° λ°©λ²(Materials and Methods) 9
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£-1. λ§μ°μ€(Mice) 9
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£-2. νλ μ€ν(Behavior test) 9
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£-3. λ©΄μνκ΄μΌμλ²(Immunohistochemistry) 9
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£-4. κ·Όμ λ μ€ν(Electromyogram) 11
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£-5. AAV μ μ λ° μ£Όμ
(AAV purification and injection) 12
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£-6. κ·Όμ‘ μμ(Muscle injury) 12
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£-7. ν΅κ³μ²λ¦¬(Statistical Analysis) 13
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€. κ²°κ³Ό(Results) 14
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€-1. SMNC/C λ§μ°μ€λ type III SMAμ μ§λ³ λͺ¨λΈλ‘ μ¬μ©ν μ μλ€. 14
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€-2. SMNC/C λ§μ°μ€λ μ΄λμ κ²½μ ꡬ쑰μλ μ΄μμ΄ μμΌλ μ κ²½-κ·Όμ‘ κΈ°λ₯μ΄ κ°μνμλ€. 17
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€-3. SMNC/C λ§μ°μ€μ μμΈνΈμ½λ¦° μμ©μ²΄ κ΅°μ§μ μΌμν λ§μ°μ€λ³΄λ€ λκ² λΆν¬ν΄ μλ€. 20
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€-4. μ΄λμ κ²½μμμ SMN κ³Όλ°νμ SMNC/C λ§μ°μ€μ νννμ ν볡μν€μ§ λͺ»νλ€. 23
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€-5. κ·Όμ¬μ μμμ SMN κ³Όλ°νμ SMNC/C λ§μ°μ€μ νννμ ν볡μν¬ μ μλ€. 26
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₯. κ³ μ°°(Discussion) 29
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¦. μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν(References) 32
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§. μλ¬Έμ΄λ‘(Abstract in English) 36Maste
μ¨λΌμΈ κ΅μ‘ μ΄μ©μμ μ 보 νλΌμ΄λ²μ μΈμκ³Ό μμ¬κ²°μ κ³Όμ μ κ΄ν μ°κ΅¬
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μ 곡, 2023. 8. ν©μ€μ.Online education is a type of distance education, which enables education anytime, anywhere. With the development of digital technology and other more advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and learning analytics, gathering and analyzing data in the education sector is growing. However, not many studies have investigated privacy issues in the context of education. Therefore, in this study, the educational service users perception of privacy and their according behavior will be investigated in an effort to analyze the privacy issues in the educational field.
The main theories are privacy paradox, and privacy calculus. The privacy paradox explains a situation where individuals decide to give away their information even though they are concerned about disclosing their information. Privacy calculus theory is one of the theories that explain this paradoxical phenomenon, where individuals economically and rationally compare the benefit and risk of disclosing information before deciding what to do. Survey and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were conducted for analysis and the hypothesis testing result showed that there are privacy concern, and privacy paradox in the education sector also, with privacy calculus theory explaining why individuals decide to reveal their information.μ¨λΌμΈ κ΅μ‘μ μ격 κ΅μ‘μ ν μ’
λ₯λ‘ μΈμ μ΄λμλ κ΅μ‘μ΄ κ°λ₯νκ² νλ€. κ·Έλ° μμ€μ λμ§νΈ κΈ°μ κ³Ό μΈκ³΅ μ§λ₯, νμ΅ λΆμ λ± λ³΄λ€ λ°μ λ κΈ°μ μ λ°λ¬λ‘ κ΅μ‘ λΆμΌμ λ°μ΄ν° μμ§ λ° λΆμμ΄ μ¦κ°νκ³ μλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ κ΅μ‘ λΆμΌμμ νλΌμ΄λ²μ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό μ‘°μ¬ν μ°κ΅¬λ λ§μ§ μμ, λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμλ κ΅μ‘ νμ₯μ νλΌμ΄λ²μ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό λΆμνκ³ μ νμλ€. κ·Έ μ€μμλ νΉν κ΅μ‘ μλΉμ€ μ΄μ©μμ νλΌμ΄λ²μμ λν μΈμκ³Ό κ·Έμ λ°λ₯Έ νλμ μ‘°μ¬νμλ€.
λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μμ μ¬μ©λ μ£Όμ μ΄λ‘ μ νλΌμ΄λ²μ μμ€κ³Ό νλΌμ΄λ²μ κ³μ°μ΄λ‘ μ΄λ€. νλΌμ΄λ²μ μμ€μ κ°μΈμ΄ μμ μ μ 보λ₯Ό 곡κ°νλ κ²μ λν΄ μ°λ €νλ©΄μλ μμ μ μ 보λ₯Ό 곡κ°νκΈ°λ‘ κ²°μ νλ μν©μ μ€λͺ
νλ€. νλΌμ΄λ²μ κ³μ°μ΄λ‘ μ μ΄λ¬ν μμ€μ νμμ μ€λͺ
νλ μ΄λ‘ μ€ νλλ‘, κ°μΈμ΄ 무μμ ν΄μΌ ν μ§ κ²°μ νκΈ° μ μ μ 보λ₯Ό 곡κ°νλ κ²μ λν μ΄μ΅κ³Ό μνμ κ²½μ μ , ν©λ¦¬μ μΌλ‘ λΉκ΅νλ μ΄λ‘ μ΄λ€. λΆμμ μν΄ μ€λ¬Έμ‘°μ¬μ ꡬ쑰방μ μ λͺ¨ν(SEM)μ μ€μνμμΌλ©°, κ°μ€ κ²μ κ²°κ³Ό κ΅μ‘ λΆλ¬Έμμλ νλΌμ΄λ²μ μΌλ €κ° μμΌλ©°, νλΌμ΄λ²μ μμ€μ΄ μ‘΄μ¬νλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬μΌλ©°, μ΄μ€μμ νλΌμ΄λ²μ κ³μ°μ΄λ‘ μ κ°μΈμ΄ μμ μ μ 보λ₯Ό 곡κ°νκΈ°λ‘ κ²°μ νλ μ΄μ λ₯Ό μ€λͺ
νλ€.Abstract iii
Contents v
List of Tables vii
List of Figures viii
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
Chapter 2. Literature Review 4
2.1 Online education 4
2.1.1 The concept of online education 4
2.1.2 Data collection and utilization in online education 6
2.1.3 Privacy issues in the context of online education 8
2.2 Privacy calculus theory 10
2.2.1 The Concept of privacy calculus theory 10
2.2.2 Previous studies of privacy paradox 11
2.3 Trust on institution 12
2.3.1 The concept of trust 12
Chapter 3. Research Model 13
3.1 Research Model 13
3.2 Variables and Hypothesis 13
3.2.1 Operational definition of Variables 14
3.2.2 Hypotheses of this research 14
3.3 Research Methodology 15
Chapter 4. Empirical Analysis 17
4.1 Survey and data collection 17
4.2 Reliability and Validity Tests 18
4.3 Confirmatory Factor Analysis 19
4.4 Structural Equation Modeling and Hypotheses test 21
Chapter 5. Conclusion 23
5.1 Summary of research 23
5.2 Implications 24
5.2.1 Academic Implications 24
5.2.2 Practical Implications 24
5.3 Limitations and Future research 25
Bibliography 26
Appendix 1: Survey sheet 30
Abstract (Korean) 45μ
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Όλ¬Έ(μμ¬)--μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ :λμλ¬Όνκ³Ό κ³€μΆ©νμ 곡,2000.Maste